文章目录
1. 注解开发
核心:
使用springMVC必须配置的三大件:
处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器
HandleMapper | HandleAdapter | ViewResolver
通常,我们只需要手动配置视图解析器,而处理器映射器和处理器适配器只需要开启注解驱动即可,而省去了大段的xml配置
- 配置web.xml:
与之前的步骤相同,没有变化。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- 配置springmvc-servlet.xml
- component-scan:
spring会去自动扫描base-package对应的路径或者该路径的子包下面的java文件,如果扫描到文件中带有@Service,@Component,@Repository,@Controller等这些注解的类,则把这些类注册为bean。 - default-servlet-handler:
因为DispatcherServlet请求映射配置为"/",则Spring MVC将捕获Web容器所有的请求,包括静态资源的请求,Spring MVC会将它们当成一个普通请求处理,因此找不到对应处理器将导致错误。设置了此标签可以让SpringMVC不要扫描静态资源如(.html, .css, .js) - annotation-driven:
会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的,即解决了@Controller注解使用的前提配置。
- component-scan:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wu.Controller"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/JSP/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- 编写Controller类:
返回值相当于setViewName,/WEB-INF/JSP/hello.jsp
通过RequestMapping注解
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller()
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String Hello(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","welcome to MVC!");
return "hello";
}
}