【matplotlib】图像绘制方法汇总

头文件：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import host_subplot
import mpl_toolkits.axisartist as AA
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['FangSong']
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

直方图绘制：

示例代码：

labels   = ['Negative ID', 'Positive ID', 'Unverified', 'Unprocessed'];
# quants   = [len(dN), len(dP), len(dUv), len(dUp)];
quants   = [len(dNt), len(dPt), len(dUvt), len(dUpt)];

fig, ax = plt.subplots();
x = range(len(labels));
ax.bar(x,quants,0.4,color='green');
ax.set_xticks(x);
ax.set_yticks(range(0,3501,500));
ax.set_xticklabels(labels);
ax.set_ylabel('Witness number',size=14);
ax.set_title('Data analysis ', bbox={'facecolor':'0.9', 'pad':8})
# plt.grid(True)
xticks = ax.get_xticks()
for i in range(len(quants)):
    xy = (xticks[i], quants[i] * 1.03)
    s = str(quants[i])
    ax.annotate(
        s=s,  # 要添加的文本
        xy=xy,  # 将文本添加到哪个位置
        fontsize=12,  # 标签大小
        color="black",  # 标签颜色
        ha="center",  # 水平对齐
        va="baseline"  # 垂直对齐
    )
plt.savefig('dataclass_ori.png',dpi=720, bbox_inches='tight');

散点图绘制：

示例代码：

plt.title(r'$\mathrm{2020 \; nest \; distribution \; by \; K=20}\/\/$',size=25);
plt.scatter(kmd[:,0],kmd[:,1],20,c=y_predict,alpha=0.6)
plt.scatter(x,y,25,marker='*',color = 'red',alpha=0.8,label='nest orientation');
plt.legend(loc = 'best');
plt.xlabel(r'$\mathrm{Longitude}\/\/$',size=15);
plt.ylabel(r'$\mathrm{Latitude}\/\/$',size=15);
plt.ylim(45.0, 49.5)
plt.xlim(-126.0, -116.0)
plt.yticks(np.linspace(45.0, 49.5, 10))
plt.xticks(np.linspace(-126.0, -116.0,11))
plt.savefig('2020_K412.png',dpi=1080, bbox_inches='tight');
plt.show();

散点迁徙绘制：

colors:

colors = mpl.colors.TABLEAU_COLORS
colors = list(colors.values());

示例代码：

ol = -124;
oh = -123;
al = 48;
ah = 49;
ph = 30/111;
Dd20_8,la20_8,lo20_8 = DtoA(Search(ol,oh,al,ah,d20_8));
# plt.figure(dpi=300,figsize=(24,8))
fig, ax = plt.subplots();
for i in range(len(lo20_8)):
    xn,yn = trans1(Sow(lo20_8[i],la20_8[i],20));
    #绘制圆形
    draw_circle = plt.Circle((lo20_8[i],la20_8[i]), ph,color = colors[i],alpha=0.1);
    #使坐标轴比例保持圆形为正圆
    ax.set_aspect(1);
    ax.add_artist(draw_circle);
    #绘制散点
    ax.scatter(lo20_8[i],la20_8[i],45,marker='*',color = colors[i],alpha=1);
    ax.scatter(xn,yn,35,marker='o',color = colors[i],alpha=1);
    #绘制指向箭头
    for j in range(len(xn)):
        ax.annotate('', xy=(xn[j],yn[j]), xytext=(lo20_8[i],la20_8[i]), arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color=colors[i]))
    #设置xy轴坐标
    plt.title(r'$\mathrm{local \; nest \; spreading \; simulation}\/\/$',size=25);
    plt.xlabel(r'$\mathrm{Longitude}\/\/$',size=15);
    plt.ylabel(r'$\mathrm{Latitude}\/\/$',size=15);
    t3 = round(ol,3);
    t4 = round(oh+ph,3);
    t1 = round(al-ph,3);
    t2 = round(ah,3);
    plt.ylim(t1,t2);
    plt.xlim(t3,t4);
    plt.yticks(np.linspace(t1,t2, 8))
    plt.xticks(np.linspace(t3,t4, 8))
plt.savefig('Sow1tt.png',dpi=1080, bbox_inches='tight');
plt.show()