Java中使用jaxp工具以dom方式对xml进行解析

标题：Java中使用jaxp工具以dom方式对xml进行解析

一、要点
1）获取document对象

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));

2）写入文件中

//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));

二、实现的操作
1）遍历

• 遍历所有的节点
  2）添加
• 测试添加节点【父节点、子节点】
• 向父节点里添加子节点
• 写入xml中
  3） 添加到指定位置
• 测试添加到指定位置中【父节点、子节点】
  4） 添加属性
• 向指定元素中添加属性【一个节点即可】
  5） 删除
• 删除节点【父节点、子节点】
• 删除的方式二【父节点【省】、子节点】
  6）更改
  • 更改【一个节点即可】

完整代码，xml文件如下:

/**
 * 测试Jaxp【开发包】对dom【xml解析的一种】的解析
 * 使用jaxp工具以dom方式对xml进行解析
 * @author dell
 *
 */
public class TestJaxpDom {
	//测试，获取document，
	@Test
	public void test01() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书架");
		Node node = list.item(0);
		System.out.println(node.getTextContent());
		System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
	}
	
	/**
	 * 遍历所有的节点
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void test02() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书架");
		Node node = list.item(0);//因为书架【根】只有一个，
		list(node);
	}
	//遍历
	private void list(Node node) {
		//只输出元素
		if(node instanceof Element) {  
			System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
		}
		NodeList childNodes = node.getChildNodes();
		for(int i=0;i<childNodes.getLength();i++) {
			Node item = childNodes.item(i);
			list(item);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 测试添加节点【父节点、子节点】
	 * 向父节点里添加子节点
	 * 写入xml中
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void test03() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//父节点
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书");
		Node node = list.item(0);
		
		//子节点
		Element createElement = document.createElement("售价");
		createElement.setTextContent("66.6");
		
		//添加到 
		node.appendChild(createElement);
		
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 测试添加到指定位置中【父节点、子节点】
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void test04() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//父节点
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书");
		Node node = list.item(1);  //找到第一个  书,2
		
		//子节点
		Element createElement = document.createElement("售价");
		createElement.setTextContent("66.6");
		
		NodeList list2 = document.getElementsByTagName("售价");
		Element node2=(Element)list2.item(10);  //2，尝试在上下文中引用不存在的节点
		
		//添加到   
		node.insertBefore(createElement, node2);
		
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 向指定元素中添加属性【一个节点即可】
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void test05() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//子节点
		NodeList list2 = document.getElementsByTagName("售价");
		Element node2=(Element)list2.item(4);  //2，尝试在上下文中引用不存在的节点
		
		//添加属性  
		node2.setAttribute("name", "dfadfad");
		
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 删除节点【父节点、子节点】
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@Test
	public void test06() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//父节点
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书");
		Node node = list.item(1);  //找到第一个  书,2
		
		//子节点
		NodeList list2 = document.getElementsByTagName("售价");
		Element node2=(Element)list2.item(5);  //2，尝试在上下文中引用不存在的节点
		
		//删除   
		node.removeChild(node2);
		
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}

	//删除的方式二【父节点【省】、子节点】
	@Test
	public void test062() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//子节点
		NodeList list2 = document.getElementsByTagName("售价");
		Element node2=(Element)list2.item(2);  //2，尝试在上下文中引用不存在的节点
		
		//删除
		node2.getParentNode().removeChild(node2);
//		node2.getParentNode().getParentNode().removeChild(node2.getParentNode());
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}
	
	/*
	 * 更改【一个节点即可】
	 */
	@Test
	public void test07() throws Exception{
		//抽象工厂，获取对象document
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml"));
		
		//子节点
		NodeList list2 = document.getElementsByTagName("售价");
		Element node2=(Element)list2.item(4);  //2，尝试在上下文中引用不存在的节点
		
		//更改  
		node2.setTextContent("6666");
		
		//写入文件中
		TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult(new File("src/com/flx/book.xml")));
	}
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><书架>
	<书>
		<书名>javaWeb</书名>
		<作者>lkj</作者>
		<售价>66.6</售价>
		<售价>66.6</售价>
		
		<售价>66.6</售价>
	<售价>66.6</售价></书>
	
	<书>
		<书名>疯狂Java</书名>
		<作者>ggg</作者>
		<售价 name="dfadfad">6666</售价>
	</书>
	
	<!-- <哈哈哈> </哈哈哈> -->
</书架>