Java使用MQTT

介绍

MQTT 是一种基于发布/订阅模式的轻量级消息传输协议，专门针对低带宽和不稳定网络环境的物联网应用而设计，可以用极少的代码为联网设备提供实时可靠的消息服务。MQTT 协议广泛应用于物联网、移动互联网、智能硬件、车联网、智慧城市、远程医疗、电力、石油与能源等领域。

MQTT 协议由 Andy Stanford-Clark （IBM）和 Arlen Nipper（Arcom，现为 Cirrus Link）于 1999 年发布。 按照 Nipper 的介绍，MQTT 必须具备以下几点：

简单容易实现
支持 QoS（设备网络环境复杂）
轻量且省带宽（因为那时候带宽很贵）
数据无关（不关心 Payload 数据格式）
有持续地会话感知能力（时刻知道设备是否在线）
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依赖

            <!--MQTT  链接   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
        </dependency>

 MQTT推动服务

package com.kuangan.mqtt;


import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.UUID;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class MqttClientService {

    private MqttClient client;


    /**
     * 连接到MQTT代理服务器
     *
     * @throws MqttException
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void connect() throws MqttException {
        String broker = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883";
        String clientId = UUID.randomUUID();
        client = new MqttClient(broker, clientId);
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setCleanSession(false);
        options.setUserName("admin");
        options.setPassword("123456".toCharArray());
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(120);
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        client.connect(options);
        log.info("MQTT链接成功服务器地址{},客户端id:{}", broker, clientId);

    }


    /**
     * 发送mqtt消息
     */
    public  Boolean  sendMsg(String msg,String topi1cName){
        int qos = 1;
        MqttMessage mqttMessage = new MqttMessage(msg.getBytes());
        mqttMessage.setQos(qos);
        try {
            client.publish(topi1cName, mqttMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 订阅主题并设置消息监听器
     *
     * @param topic    要订阅的主题
     * @param listener 消息监听器
     * @throws MqttException
     */
    public void subscribe(String topic, IMqttMessageListener listener) throws MqttException {
        client.subscribe(topic, listener);
    }

    /**
     * 断开与MQTT代理服务器的连接
     *
     * @throws MqttException
     */
    public void disconnect() throws MqttException {
        client.disconnect();
    }

    /**
     * 断开与topic
     *
     * @throws MqttException
     */
    public void unsubscribe(String topic) throws MqttException {
        client.unsubscribe(topic);
    }
}

 MQTT监听服务

package com.kuangan.other.mqtt;

import com.kuangan.common.core.domain.R;
import com.kuangan.common.json.utils.JsonUtils;
import com.kuangan.mine.domain.MineSlopeLog;
import com.kuangan.mine.mapper.MineSlopeLogMapper;
import com.kuangan.mqtt.MqttClientService;
import com.kuangan.other.constant.MqttConstant;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.UUID;

@Component
public class MqttSubscriberListener implements MqttCallback {

    private final MqttClient client;

    @Resource
    private  MqttClientService mqttClientService;

    public MqttSubscriberListener() throws MqttException {
        String broker = "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883";
        String clientId = UUID.randomUUID();;
        client = new MqttClient(broker, clientId);
        client.setCallback(this);
        connect();
        subscribe();
    }

    private void connect() throws MqttException {
        MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();
        connOpts.setCleanSession(true);
        // 设置认证信息
        // connOpts.setUserName("yourUsername");
        // connOpts.setPassword("yourPassword".toCharArray());
        client.connect(connOpts);
    }

    /**
     * 订阅主题--OF_SEN_POS
     *
     * @throws MqttException
     */
    private void subscribe() throws MqttException {
        client.subscribe(MqttConstant.OF_SEN_POS);
    }

    @Override
    public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
        // 连接丢失后的处理逻辑
        System.out.println("Connection lost");
        try {
            connect();
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        // 接收到消息的处理逻辑
        if (new String(message.getPayload()).equals(MqttConstant.OF_SEN_POS)){
            List<MineSlopeLog> mineSlopeLogs = new ArrayList<>();
            mqttClientService.sendMsg(Objects.requireNonNull(JsonUtils.toJsonString(mineSlopeLogs)),MqttConstant.OF_SEN_POS);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
        // 消息发送成功的处理逻辑
        System.out.println("Message delivered");
    }

}