这里写目录标题
视频地址
本文是该视频的笔记
翻译的核心:调整语序
调整语序的方法
一、修饰后置
修饰:
1.状语:时间,地点
2.定语:…的
1.介词使用
of ,in ,for ,to
看如下例句 定语部分加粗
eg:过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期 在中国各地开始流行 (剩下部分为句子主干)
the tradition of celebrating mid-autumn day became popular at the begining of Tang dynasty throughout China
介词加粗了,注意这里关键是用!而不是用哪个
eg:教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养,并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市 接受教育的同等机会。
the education ministry decides to improve the nutrition of students in less developed areas and provides equal opportunities for the children of workers from out of town to receive education in the city.
2.定语从句
从句:
1.限制性定语从句:that(物), who(人), when(时间) ,where(地点)
2.非限制性定语从句 :which ->这,该,其,此 (出现用which)
例:一个句子结束,这… (此处用which)
【后置条件】
1.定语较长:…的,要后置
2.元素复杂:…的,…的,要后置
(有些直接用形容词可以描述的就不后置了)
看如下例句,从句部分加粗,修饰斜体,用定语的删除线标记
eg:对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面,舒适的栖身之所的人 来说,高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
for those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city,the high housing price is a heavy burden that they can not afford.
eg:如果这一目标得以实现,今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人 都必须获得大学文凭
if the goal is achieved, most of those who enter labor market will have to acquire a college diploma in the future .
eg:大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈,这 导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会变小了
the competition among graduates has become more and more fierce,which results the chance that any individual graduate finds a job has decreased.
3.插入语(插入语是比较难用的)
条件:
1.首句
2.名词解释
注:…的,长的话用从句,短的后置
eg:旅游业是最近二十年来 在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业,这 正引起中国公众越来越多的注意
1.(不用插入语)tourism is a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world,which now draws more and more attention of chinese public.
2.(用插入语,就是把1的is转化为逗号,并且去掉which )tourism,a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world,draws more and more attention of chinese public now.
名词,-----,动词…
正常句子变插入语的总结:
1.be动词->逗号
2.关系词去掉
二、多动词
1.动词间的地位相同 v1,v2…and vn
一般情况下,动词和动词地位相同会出现并列的连词,和,或,并(删除线标记),动词用斜体标记
eg:政府已设定目标减少污染,提高能源效率,改善得到教育和医保的机会,并 扩大社会保障
the governemnt has set goals to reduce poluution,enhance energy efficiency,improve oppotunities to get education and medical insurance,and expand the social security.
2.动词之间有主次,找到主动词,其他用todo目的(来,以,去,为了) , doing主动, done被动
主动词
1.在主句中
2.意思重要
最简单的看法是找谁离主语近
eg:鉴于这一情况,政府近来采取了一系列措施来防止房价过快增长,包括提高利率和增加房税等
for this situation,the government has take a series of measures to prevent the housing price rising too fast,including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate.
下句中的并促进与呼吁加强并列,主动词怎么用,并列的动词就怎么用
eg:第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计,以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍并 促进节能减排
the last one suggests enhancing top-level designs to remove structural barriers arising from industrial upgrading and promote energy conservation and emissions reduction.
eg:市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂,并 制止违章建筑用以改善环境 (与上一句类似,此句只分析成分)
三、无主语
1.补主语(不推荐使用,不准确,实在不会用此方法)
2.变被动 be done
eg:必须保证每天8小时睡眠
eight hours’ sleep must be guaranteed.
eg:因此,强烈建议大学生在课余时间做一些兼职工作,以积累相关的工作经验
therefore,college students are strongly suggested to do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.
3.非人主语+有/存在 There be/exist
which指代前半句的这道汤
------,*(即后面这个东西说的是前面这个,哪怕没有这该其此,中文可以补上)
eg:宴席上通常至少有一道汤,可以最先或最后上桌
there usually is at least one soup in the feast,which can be ser.ved at the beginning or at last .
eg:在未来20年里,预计有3.5亿农村人口将移居城市
during the next 20 years,it is estimated that there are about 350 million rural population will move to cites.
eg:中国地方戏种有很多,其中京剧是最具有代表性的一个
there are many kinds of local operas in china.one of which is peking opera,a representative one
总结
一、修饰后置有定语后置和状语后置,介词使用,重点是用,而不是用哪个。
1.后置有条件,长或者复杂,一个单词就不后置了
2.定语从句包括限制性和非限制性,非限制性是 这,该 ,其,此
3.插入:首句,名词解释,如何变插入
二、多动词 ,地位相同,分主次,一般将离主语最近的做主动词,todo 以来去 表主动 表被动
三、无主语,补主语,变被动,there be
单词不会写
1.同义词
2.上位词:隶属于哪个职业
守门员->运动员
教授->老师
3.解释(名词 )
守门员:a man who stand infront of the door
核心词别写错(替代法),细致词省略