PyQT——蓝牙收发数据（上位机案例-小车控制器）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-08 17:50:07 发布

Sophia&Anna

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-08 17:50:07 发布

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分类专栏： Python 文章标签： pyqt

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46157873/article/details/136023012

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实现功能

由于本人水平有限，仅用了最简单的进行实现，主要功能：

蓝牙设备扫描以及刷新
蓝牙连接
蓝牙数据发送
蓝牙数据接收

页面实现效果

代码目录结构

代码案例

代码已经全部添加注释，故不再做单独解释。

Main.py

ble_control_widget.py

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
import threading
sys.path.append('..')
from ui.Ui_ble_control_widget import *
from drivers.driver_bluetooth import BluetoothDataTransfer


class BleControlWidget(QWidget):
    
    # 信号定义
    # 蓝牙列表刷新
    refresh_signal = pyqtSignal()
    receive_data_signal = pyqtSignal(bytes)
    update_connection_signal = pyqtSignal()
    
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.ui = Ui_BleControlWidget()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)
        
        # 按钮槽函数调用
        self.init_ui()

        # 实例化属性便于全局调用
        self.device_list = [] # 蓝牙设备列表
        self.bd = None
        
        # 进入界面默认调用
        # 刷新蓝牙列表
        self.refreshBtn_subthread()
        
    
    def init_ui(self):
        '''按钮与槽函数连接'''
        # 刷新按钮槽函数绑定
        self.ui.refreshBtn.clicked.connect(self.refreshBtn_slot)
        # 连接蓝牙槽函数绑定
        self.ui.connectBtn.clicked.connect(self.connectBtn_slot)
        # 蓝牙列表更新信号与槽函数连接
        self.refresh_signal.connect(self.refresh_signal_slot)
        # 接收到的数据展示信号与槽函数连接
        self.receive_data_signal.connect(self.receive_data_signal_slot)
        # 更新蓝牙的状态槽函数绑定
        self.update_connection_signal.connect(self.update_connection_signal_slot)
        
        # 各控制按钮槽函数绑定
        self.ui.buzzerOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.distanceBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.downBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.leftBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.lightOffBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.lightOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.rightBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.rotateBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.stopBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.trackOffBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.trackOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        self.ui.upBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)
        
    def contorl_btn_slot(self):
        if not self.bp:
            QMessageBox.warning(self, "蓝牙未连接", "请先连接蓝牙")
            return
        sender = self.sender()
        if sender is self.ui.buzzerOnBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x01")
        elif sender is self.ui.distanceBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x02")
        elif sender is self.ui.downBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x03")
        elif sender is self.ui.leftBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x04")
        elif sender is self.ui.lightOffBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x05")
        elif sender is self.ui.lightOnBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x06")
        elif sender is self.ui.rightBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x07")
        elif sender is self.ui.rotateBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x08")
        elif sender is self.ui.stopBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x09")
        elif sender is self.ui.trackOffBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0a")
        elif sender is self.ui.trackOnBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0b")
        elif sender is self.ui.upBtn:
            res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0c")
        if res:
            QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', msg)
        else:
            QMessageBox.warning(self, '警告', msg)

    def update_connection_signal_slot(self):
        self.ui.connectBtn.setText("已连接")
        self.ui.connectBtn.setIcon(QIcon(":/icon/disc"))
        
    def receive_data_signal_slot(self, data):
        QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', f'接收到数据:{data}')
        
    def refresh_signal_slot(self):
        if len(self.device_list)>0:
            for addr,bluetooth in self.device_list:
                self.ui.comboBox.addItem(bluetooth)
        
        
    def refreshBtn_slot(self):
        # 如果在刷新前有数据，清空下拉列表，否则会增加多倍数据在下拉框中导致索引超出
        if self.device_list:
            self.ui.comboBox.clear()
            self.device_list = []
        '''刷新按钮槽函数定义'''
        # 刷新很耗时间，需要开子线程处理，否则页面卡死
        t = threading.Thread(target=self.refreshBtn_subthread,daemon=True)
        t.start()
        
    def refreshBtn_subthread(self):
        '''搜索蓝牙并展示在选择下拉列表中'''
        self.device_list = BluetoothDataTransfer.scan_devices()
        # 展示在下拉列表中需要用到信号，子线程中无法直接更新ui页面，会报错
        print(self.device_list)
        # 发送信号
        self.refresh_signal.emit()
        
    def connectBtn_slot(self):
        if self.bd:
            self.bd.disconnect()
            self.bd = []
            self.ui.connectBtn.setText("连接蓝牙")
            self.ui.connectBtn.setIcon(QIcon(":/icon/connect"))
            return
        '''连接蓝牙按钮槽函数定义'''
        # 连接很耗时间，需要开子线程处理，否则页面卡死
        t = threading.Thread(target=self.connectBtn_subthread,daemon=True)
        t.start()
    
    def connectBtn_subthread(self):
        # 获取蓝牙选项
        index = self.ui.comboBox.currentIndex()
        address = self.device_list[index][0]
        name = self.ui.comboBox.currentText()
        # 连接蓝牙
        self.bd = BluetoothDataTransfer(address, name)  # 替换为目标设备的蓝牙地址和端口号
        flag = self.bd.connect()
        print(flag)
        
        if not flag:
            return
        # 更新蓝牙连接状态文字和图标
        self.update_connection_signal.emit()
        # 开始接受数据
        while True:
            data = self.bd.receive_data(1024)
            if data:
                # 发送数据到页面弹窗显示
                print(data)
                #self.receive_data_signal.emit(data)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    widget = BleControlWidget()
    widget.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

driver_bluetooth.py（来自开源工具）

import bluetooth


# 扫描所有设备
class BluetoothDataTransfer:
    def __init__(self, target_address, target_name, port=1):
        self.target_address = target_address
        self.target_name = target_name
        self.port = port
        self.socket = None

    def connect(self):
        """
        连接蓝牙设备
        :return:
        """
        try:
            self.socket = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.RFCOMM)
            self.socket.connect((self.target_address, self.port))
            print("Connected successfully. {} ({})".format(
                self.target_name, self.target_address
            ))
            return True
        except (bluetooth.BluetoothError, OSError) as e:
            self.socket = None
            print("Connection failed:", str(e))

        return False

    def disconnect(self):
        """
        断开蓝牙连接
        :return:
        """
        if self.socket is not None:
            self.socket.close()
            print("Disconnected.")

    def send_data(self, data):
        """
        发送数据
        :param data:
        :return:
        """
        if self.socket is not None:
            try:
                self.socket.send(data)
                print("Data sent:", data)
                return True,"sent succeed"
            except bluetooth.BluetoothError as e:
                print("Failed to send data:", str(e))
                return False,str(e)
        else:
            print("Not connected.")
        return False,"Not connected."

    def receive_data(self, buffer_size=2048):
        """
        接收数据
        :param buffer_size:
        :return:
        """
        if self.socket is None:
            print("Not connected.")
            return

        try:
            data = self.socket.recv(buffer_size)
            # print("Data received:", data.decode())
            return data
        except bluetooth.BluetoothError as e:
            print("Failed to receive data:", str(e))

    @staticmethod
    def scan_devices():
        """
        扫描所有蓝牙设备
        :return:
        """
        devices = bluetooth.discover_devices()
        print("Scanning devices...")
        device_list = []
        for addr in devices:
            name = bluetooth.lookup_name(addr)
            print("Found device:", name, "(", addr, ")")
            device_list.append((addr, name))
        return device_list


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # print("=========================================开始扫描")
    # devices = BluetoothDataTransfer.scan_devices()
    # for device in devices:
    #     print(device)
    # print("=========================================结束扫描")

    # 示例用法
    bd = BluetoothDataTransfer("FA:34:0A:92:71:42", 'JDY-33-SPP-kkkkkkk')  # 替换为目标设备的蓝牙地址和端口号
    flag = bd.connect()
    print(flag)
    if flag:
        # bd.send_data("Hello, Bluetooth!")  # 发送数据
        bd.send_data(b"\x12")  # 发送数据
        recv_data = bd.receive_data()  # 接收数据
        print("接收到的数据:", recv_data)
        bd.disconnect()

Ui_ble_control_widget.py（由QT页面编译而成）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'c:\Users\Windows10\Desktop\02上课代码步骤\小车实战 copy\ui\ble_control_widget.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_BleControlWidget(object):
    def setupUi(self, BleControlWidget):
        BleControlWidget.setObjectName("BleControlWidget")
        BleControlWidget.resize(411, 276)
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(BleControlWidget)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")
        self.setLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.setLayout.setObjectName("setLayout")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(BleControlWidget)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.setLayout.addWidget(self.label)
        self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(BleControlWidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.comboBox.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.comboBox.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.comboBox.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 25))
        self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
        self.setLayout.addWidget(self.comboBox)
        self.refreshBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(BleControlWidget)
        self.refreshBtn.setText("")
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(":/icon/refresh"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.refreshBtn.setIcon(icon)
        self.refreshBtn.setFlat(True)
        self.refreshBtn.setObjectName("refreshBtn")
        self.setLayout.addWidget(self.refreshBtn)
        self.connectBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(BleControlWidget)
        icon1 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon1.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(":/icon/connect"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.connectBtn.setIcon(icon1)
        self.connectBtn.setObjectName("connectBtn")
        self.setLayout.addWidget(self.connectBtn)
        self.setLayout.setStretch(0, 1)
        self.setLayout.setStretch(1, 4)
        self.setLayout.setStretch(2, 1)
        self.setLayout.setStretch(3, 2)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.setLayout)
        self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(BleControlWidget)
        self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.frame)
        self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout.setSpacing(0)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.btnLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
        self.btnLayout.setSpacing(10)
        self.btnLayout.setObjectName("btnLayout")
        self.lightOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.lightOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.lightOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.lightOnBtn.setFont(font)
        self.lightOnBtn.setObjectName("lightOnBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.lightOnBtn, 4, 0, 1, 1)
        self.upBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.upBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.upBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.upBtn.setFont(font)
        self.upBtn.setObjectName("upBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.upBtn, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        self.stopBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.stopBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.stopBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.stopBtn.setFont(font)
        self.stopBtn.setObjectName("stopBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.stopBtn, 2, 1, 1, 1)
        self.leftBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.leftBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.leftBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.leftBtn.setFont(font)
        self.leftBtn.setObjectName("leftBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.leftBtn, 2, 0, 1, 1)
        self.rotateBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.rotateBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.rotateBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.rotateBtn.setFont(font)
        self.rotateBtn.setObjectName("rotateBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.rotateBtn, 5, 1, 1, 1)
        self.downBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.downBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.downBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.downBtn.setFont(font)
        self.downBtn.setObjectName("downBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.downBtn, 4, 1, 1, 1)
        self.lightOffBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.lightOffBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.lightOffBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.lightOffBtn.setFont(font)
        self.lightOffBtn.setObjectName("lightOffBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.lightOffBtn, 4, 2, 1, 1)
        self.trackOffBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.trackOffBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.trackOffBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.trackOffBtn.setFont(font)
        self.trackOffBtn.setObjectName("trackOffBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.trackOffBtn, 5, 2, 1, 1)
        self.trackOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.trackOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.trackOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.trackOnBtn.setFont(font)
        self.trackOnBtn.setObjectName("trackOnBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.trackOnBtn, 5, 0, 1, 1)
        self.rightBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.rightBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.rightBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.rightBtn.setFont(font)
        self.rightBtn.setObjectName("rightBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.rightBtn, 2, 2, 1, 1)
        self.distanceBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.distanceBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.distanceBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.distanceBtn.setFont(font)
        self.distanceBtn.setObjectName("distanceBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.distanceBtn, 0, 2, 1, 1)
        self.buzzerOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.buzzerOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.buzzerOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Agency FB")
        font.setPointSize(22)
        self.buzzerOnBtn.setFont(font)
        self.buzzerOnBtn.setObjectName("buzzerOnBtn")
        self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.buzzerOnBtn, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.btnLayout)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.frame)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setStretch(0, 1)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setStretch(1, 3)

        self.retranslateUi(BleControlWidget)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(BleControlWidget)

    def retranslateUi(self, BleControlWidget):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        BleControlWidget.setWindowTitle(_translate("BleControlWidget", "小车蓝牙控制器"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "蓝牙选择："))
        self.connectBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "连接蓝牙"))
        self.lightOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开灯"))
        self.upBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "上"))
        self.stopBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "停止"))
        self.leftBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "左"))
        self.rotateBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "旋转"))
        self.downBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "下"))
        self.lightOffBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "关灯"))
        self.trackOffBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "关寻迹"))
        self.trackOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开寻迹"))
        self.rightBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "右"))
        self.distanceBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "测距"))
        self.buzzerOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开喇叭"))
from ui import resource_rc