21-11-21字符串

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-30 19:01:50 发布

啥也学不会的菜鸡

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-30 19:01:50 发布

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文章标签： linux 运维服务器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46182691/article/details/121453425

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字符串认知：
1、字符串就是首字符的地址
字符串定义的形式：
在这里插入图片描述
2、字符串函数：
字符串比较函数 strcmp strncmp
字符串拷贝函数 strcpy strncpy
字符串长度函数 strlen
字符串连接函数 strcat strncat
字符串清空函数 mensrt bzero

“helloworld”保存在数据段的or段；该数据不能被修改；

char * str = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * 100);
注：一定要检查malloc是否分配成功
在这里插入图片描述
strcpy：

自己制作my_strcpy函数实现功能：

char * my_strcpy(char * dest,char *src)
{
	if(dest == NULL || src ==NULL)
	{
	return NULL;
	}
 	char *temp = dest;
	while(src != '\0')
	{
	* temp = * src;
	src++;
	temp++;
	}
	*temp = '\0';
	return dest;
}

**strcat:**连接两个字符串

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

size_t my_strlen(const char *s)
{
    size_t len = 0;

    if(NULL == s)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    while (*s != '\0')
    {
        len++;
        s++;
    }

    return len;
}

char * my_strcpy(char *dest, char *src)
{
    if(dest == NULL || src == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    
    char *temp = dest;
    
    while(*src != '\0')
    {
        *temp = *src;
        src++;
        temp++;
    }

    *temp = '\0';

    return dest;
}

char * my_strncpy(char *dest, char *src, size_t n)
{
    if(dest == NULL || src == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    int i;
    char *temp = dest;
    
    for(i = 0; (i < n) && (*src != '\0'); i++)
    {
        *temp = *src;
        temp++;
        src++;
    }

    for(; i < n; i++)
    {
        *temp = '\0';
        temp++;
    }

    //*temp = '\0';

    return dest;
}

char * my_strcat(char *dest, char *src)
{
    if(dest == NULL || src == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    char *temp = dest;

    while(*temp != '\0')
    {
        temp++;
    }

    while(*src != '\0')
    {
        *temp = *src;
        temp++;
        src++;
    }

    *temp = '\0';

    return dest;
}

char * my_strncat(char *dest, char *src, size_t n)
{
        if(dest == NULL || src == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    char *temp = dest;

    while(*temp != '\0')
    {
        temp++;
    }

    for(int i = 0; (i < n) && (*src != '\0'); i++)
    {
        *temp = *src;
        temp++;
        src++;
    }

    *temp = '\0';

    return dest;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char *ptr = "hello world";

    char src[100] = "hello world";

    char *dest = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 5);
    if (NULL == dest)
    {
        printf("malloc error!\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    strcpy(dest, "hello");

    int len = my_strlen(src);
    size_t len1 = strlen("hello world");

    printf("len = %d\n", len);
    //printf("len1 = %ld\n", strlen(src));

    //char *temp = strcpy(dest, src);// strcpy_s(char *dest, int len, char *src);
    //char *temp = my_strncpy(dest, src, 100);  

    // if(NULL == temp)
    // {
    //     printf("my strcpy is error!\n");
    //     exit(1);
    // }

    char *temp = my_strncat(dest, src, 5);

    printf("dest = %p\n", dest);
    printf("temp = %p\n", temp);

    printf("dest = %s\n", dest);
    printf("temp = %s\n", temp);

    return 0;
}

**strcmp：**比较字符串

int my_strcmp(char *s1, char *s2)
{
    if (s1 == NULL && s2 != NULL)
    {
        return -1;
    }

    if (s1 != NULL && s2 == NULL)
    {
        return 1;
    }

    if (s1 == NULL && s2 == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    while ((*s1 != '\0') && (*s2 != '\0'))
    {
        if (*s1 > *s2)
        {
            return 1;
        }

        if (*s1 < *s2)
        {
            return -1;
        }

        s1++;
        s2++;
    }

    if (*s1 == '\0' && *s2 == '\0')
    {
        return 0;
    }

    if (*s1 != '\0' && *s2 == '\0')
    {
        return 1;
    }

    if (*s1 == '\0' && *s2 != '\0')
    {
        return -1;
    }
}

**题目：输入一个字符串，计算字符串中子串出现的次数 **在这里插入图片描述

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 100

int count_sub_str(char *sub, char *src)
{
    int count = 0;
    int s_len = strlen(sub);

    while (*src != '\0')
    {
        if (strncmp(sub, src, s_len) == 0)
        {
            count++;
            src = src + s_len;
        }
        else
        {
            src++;
        }
    }

    return count;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char *sub;
    char src[MAX_SIZE];

    printf("Please input src:\n");
    scanf("%s", src);

    sub = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * MAX_SIZE);

    if (NULL == sub)
    {
        printf("malloc sub is error!\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    printf("Please input sub:\n");
    scanf("%s", sub);

    int count = count_sub_str(sub, src);

    printf("sub str count = %d\n", count);

    return 0;
}