前言
在配置OpenStack的各个项目时，应首先保证好各个节点的基础环境配置，以便于实现后续操作环境的稳定。下文是博主在配置OpenStack时的基础环境
一、资源规划
| 主机名 | 内存 | 硬盘 | 网卡 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ct | 8G | 300G | VM：172.16.1.20 NAT：10.0.0.20 |
| c1 | 8G | 300G | VM：172.16.1.21 NAT：10.0.0.21 |
| c2 | 8G | 300G | VM：172.16.1.22 NAT：10.0.0.22 |
二、基础环境配置
2.1 所有节点
# 基础环境依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install net-tools bash-completion vim gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel expat-devel cmake bzip2
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install centos-release-openstack-train python-openstackclient openstack-selinux openstack-utils
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname ct
[root@localhost ~]# su
# 设置映射
[root@ct ~]# vi /etc/hosts
172.16.1.20 ct
172.16.1.21 c1
172.16.1.22 c2
# 关闭防火墙及核心防护
[root@ct ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@ct ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@ct ~]# setenforce 0
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled
# 非对称密钥
[root@ct ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id ct
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id c1
[root@ct ~]# ssh-copy-id c2
# 配置DNS（所有节点）
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 114.114.114.114
# 控制节点ct时间同步配置
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install chrony
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst # 注释这几行
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst # 添加阿里云时间同步
allow 172.16.1.0/24 # 允许内网同步
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
# 其他节点
[root@c1 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst # 注释这几行
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server ct iburst # 同步主机ct
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@c1 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
# 计划任务
[root@ct ~]# crontab -e
*/30 * * * * /usr/bin/chronyc sources >> /var/log/chronyc.log # 每半小时同步一次
2.2 控制节点
2.2.1 安装、配置MariaDB
# 安装、配置MariaDB
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install libibverbs #此包用于openstack的控制端连接mysql所需要的模块
# 添加MySQL子配置文件，并配置自启动
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 172.16.1.20 #控制节点局域网地址
default-storage-engine = innodb #默认存储引擎
innodb_file_per_table = on #每张表独立表空间文件
max_connections = 4096 #最大连接数
collation-server = utf8_general_ci #默认字符集
character-set-server = utf8
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start mariadb
# 执行MariaDB 安全配置脚本
[root@ct my.cnf.d]# mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none): #回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
... Success!
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] N
... skipping.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
2.2.2 安装RabbitMQ
所有创建虚拟机的指令，控制端都会发送到rabbitmq，node节点监听rabbitmq
# yum安装
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install rabbitmq-server
# 配置服务，启动RabbitMQ服务，并设置其开机启动
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
# 创建消息队列用户,用于controler和node节点连接rabbitmq的认证
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASSCreating user "openstack" ...
...done.
# 查看rabbitmq插件列表
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmq-plugins list
[ ] amqp_client 3.3.5
[ ] cowboy 0.5.0-rmq3.3.5-git4b93c2d
[ ] eldap 3.3.5-gite309de4
[ ] mochiweb 2.7.0-rmq3.3.5-git680dba8
[ ] rabbitmq_amqp1_0 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_federation 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_federation_management 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_management 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_management_agent 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_management_visualiser 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_mqtt 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_shovel 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_shovel_management 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_stomp 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_test 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_tracing 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_web_dispatch 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_web_stomp 3.3.5
[ ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples 3.3.5
[ ] sockjs 0.3.4-rmq3.3.5-git3132eb9
[ ] webmachine 1.10.3-rmq3.3.5-gite9359c7
# 配置openstack用户的操作权限(正则，配置读写权限）
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "openstack" in vhost "/" #可查看25672和5672 两个端口（5672是Rabbitmq默认端口，25672是Rabbit的测试工具CLI的端口）
# 开启rabbitmq的web管理界面的插件，端口为15672
[root@ct ~]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
2.2.3 安装memcached
- 作用
安装memcached是用于存储session信息；服务身份验证机制使用Memcached来缓存令牌 在登录openstack的dashboard时，会产生一些session信息，这些session信息会存放到memcached中0
# yum安装
[root@ct ~]# yum install -y memcached python-memcached #python-*模块在OpenStack中起到连接数据库的作用
# 修改Memcached配置文件
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,ct"
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable memcached
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start memcached
[root@ct ~]# netstat -nautp | grep 11211
2.2.4 安装etcd
# yum安装
[root@ct ~]# yum -y install etcd
# 修改etcd配置文件
[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" # 数据目录位置
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.1.20:2380" # 监听其他etcd member的url（2380端口，集群之间通讯，域名为无效值）
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.1.20:2379" # 对外提供服务的地址（2379端口，集群内部的通讯端口）
ETCD_NAME="ct" # 集群中节点标识（名称）
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://172.16.1.20:2380" # 该节点成员的URL地址，2380端口：用于集群之间通讯。
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.16.1.20:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="ct=http://172.16.1.20:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01" # 集群唯一标识
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" # 初始集群状态，new为静态，若为existing，则表示此ETCD服务将尝试加入已有的集群，若为DNS，则表示此集群将作为被加入的对象
# 开机自启动、开启服务，检测端口
[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable etcd.service
[root@ct ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
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