创建一个mybatis项目的步骤

创建一个mybatis项目的步骤

1 创建思路

1. 搭建环境
2. 导入Mybatis
3. 编写代码
4. 测试

2 搭建环境

2.1 搭建数据库

create database  `mybatis`;

use `mybatis`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
	`id` INT (20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	`name` VARCHAR (30) DEFAULT NULL,
	`pwd` VARCHAR (30) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT charset = utf8;


INSERT INTO `user`
VALUES
	(1, "张三", "123456");

2.2 创建Maven项目

1. 创建普通Maven项目
2. 删除src目录
3. 导入依赖

<!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.3 创建新模块

1. resources目录下编写mybatis的核心配置文件：mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="password"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/ex/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

2. 编写mybatis工具类

package com.ex.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//从 SqlSessionFactory 中获取 SqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //SqlSession完全包含了面向对数据库执行sql命令所需的所有方法
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

2.4 编写代码

2.4.1 实体类

package com.ex.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.4.2 DAO接口

package com.ex.dao;

import com.ex.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
}

2.4.3 接口实现类

Dao下创建一个xml文件，代替原来的UserDaoImpl文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ex.dao.UserDao">
    <!--select查询语句，id对应方法名字，resultType返回值类型为对应的pojo -->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.ex.pojo.User">
        select *
        from Mybatis.user
    </select>
</mapper>

2.5 测试

2.5.1 建立测试类（结构与main下的java包一致）

public class UserDaoTest {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        try {
            //第一步，获取sqlSession对象
            sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

            //第二步，执行SQL
            // 方式一：getMapper
            UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
            List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

            //方式二：(不推荐)
            List<User> userList1 = sqlSession.selectList("com.ex.dao.UserDao.getUserList");

            for (User user : userList1) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //关闭SqlSession
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

2.5.2 常见异常

2.5.2.1 BindingException

org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.ex.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.
需要在配置文件中注册

<!--每一个Mapper.xml都需要在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/ex/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

2.5.2.1 IOException

java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com/ex/dao/UserMapper.xml
dao下的xml文件没有到部署文件下
pom文件中添加

<!--在build中配置resuorces，来防止我们的资源导出失败-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>

            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

3 namespace

namespace的包名要和接口的Dao/Mapper包名一致。