JDBC工具类（学生管理系统）

项目结构

log4j.properties

收集日志信息，将所有日志信息保存在一个文件里面，防止出现问题丢失，便于后期维护工作。

# DEBUG\u8BBE\u7F6E\u8F93\u51FA\u65E5\u5FD7\u7EA7\u522B\uFF0C\u7531\u4E8E\u4E3ADEBUG\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5ERROR\u3001WARN\u548CINFO \u7EA7\u522B\u65E5\u5FD7\u4FE1\u606F\u4E5F\u4F1A\u663E\u793A\u51FA\u6765
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,Console,RollingFile

#\u5C06\u65E5\u5FD7\u4FE1\u606F\u8F93\u51FA\u5230\u63A7\u5236\u53F0
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern= [%-5p]-[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] -%l -%m%n
#\u5C06\u65E5\u5FD7\u4FE1\u606F\u8F93\u51FA\u5230\u64CD\u4F5C\u7CFB\u7EDFD\u76D8\u6839\u76EE\u5F55\u4E0B\u7684log.log\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D
log4j.appender.RollingFile=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.RollingFile.File=D://log.log
log4j.appender.RollingFile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.RollingFile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p %-40.40c %X{traceId}-%m%n

db.properties

当数据库信息（IP地址等）发生变化时，可以直接在此修改，不用重新在DBLink里重新编译

db.username=root
db.password=root
db.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test

PropertiesTool

作为一种工具：用于实现db.properties中的信息

package com.jd.tool;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class PropertiesTool {

	private static Properties properties = new Properties();
		
		static {
			InputStream inputStream = PropertiesTool.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");//将db.properties变为javaIO流对象
		    try {
		    	properties.load(inputStream);
		    } catch (IOException e) {
		    	e.printStackTrace();
		    }
		}
	
	public static String getvalue(String key) {
		return properties.getProperty(key);
	}
	
}

IRowMapper

可存储执行SQL语句后反馈的数据库信息，便于使用，并实现查询目的

package com.jd.tool.db;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

public interface IRowMapper {

	void IRowMapper(ResultSet rs);
}

DBLink

package com.jd.tool.db;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import com.jd.tool.PropertiesTool;
/**
 * 数据库管理工具类
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class DBLink {
	
	private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(DBLink.class);
	
	/**
	 * 获取数据库连接
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	private  Connection getConnection() {
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//加载驱动
			String userName = PropertiesTool.getvalue("db.username");
			String password = PropertiesTool.getvalue("db.password");
			String url = PropertiesTool.getvalue("db.url");
			return DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);//创建连接
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 查询数据
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	public void select(String sql,IRowMapper rowMapper,Object...params) {//接口无法创建对象，所以rowMapper参数一定指向IRowMapper接口实现类对象
		Connection connection = null;
		PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
		ResultSet resultSet =  null;
		try {	
			connection = getConnection();//创建连接
			preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);//创建语句
			for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
				preparedStatement.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
			}
			resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();//executeQuery()方法会把数据库响应的查询结果存放在ResultSet类对象中供我们使用
			rowMapper.IRowMapper(resultSet);//因为rowMapper参数指向IRowMapper接口实现类对象，所以此处将调用接口实现类中所实现的rowMapper方法  多态
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
		}finally {
			close(resultSet,preparedStatement,connection);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 修改（insert，update和delete）数据
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	public boolean update(String sql) {
		Connection connection = null;//提升作用域
		Statement statement = null;
		try {
			connection = getConnection();
			statement = connection.createStatement();
			int result = statement.executeUpdate(sql);//执行SQL语句，返回受影响的语句行数
			//statement.close();//如果前面代码出错，下面代码将会不执行，所以不能写在这里
			//connection.close();
			return result>0;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
		}finally {
			close(statement,connection);
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 修改（insert，update和delete）数据
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	public boolean update(String sql,Object...params) {
		Connection connection = null;
		PreparedStatement preparedstatement = null;
		try {
			connection = getConnection();
			preparedstatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
			for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
				preparedstatement.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
			}
			return preparedstatement.executeUpdate()>0;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
		}finally {
			close(preparedstatement,connection);
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 判断SQL语句是否能查出数据
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	public boolean exist(String sql,Object...params) {//查询
		Connection connection = null;
		PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
		ResultSet resultSet =  null;
		try {	
			connection = getConnection();//获取连接
			preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);//创建语句
			for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
				preparedStatement.setObject(i, params[i]);//为占位符传值
			}
			resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
			return resultSet.next();//判断是否有值
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.debug(e.getMessage(), e);
		}finally {
			close(resultSet,preparedStatement,connection);
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 释放资源
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	private void close(Statement statement,Connection connection) {
		try {
			if(statement!=null) {
			statement.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			if(connection!=null) {
			connection.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 释放资源
	 *
	 * @author Administrator
	 */
	private void close(ResultSet resultSet,Statement statement,Connection connection) {//方法的重载
		try {
			if(resultSet!=null) {
			resultSet.close();
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		close(statement,connection);
	}
	
	
	
	
}

Test

package com.jd.test;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Scanner;

import com.jd.tool.db.DBLink;
import com.jd.tool.db.IRowMapper;

public class Test {


	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("*********************************");
		System.out.println("*\t\t\t\t*");
		System.out.println("*\t学生管理系统\t*");
		System.out.println("*\t\t\t\t*");
		System.out.println("*********************************");
		while (true) {
			menu();
		}
	}

	static void menu() {
		System.out.println("1添加学生信息");
		System.out.println("2修改学生信息");
		System.out.println("3查询学生信息");//地址传递
		System.out.println("4删除学生信息");//name
		System.out.println(":请输入Enter键以继续");
		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
		int option  = scanner.nextInt();
		switch (option) {
			case 1:{
				System.out.println("请输入学号");
				String id = scanner.next();
				String sql1 = "select id from student where id='"+id+"' ";
				if(new DBLink().exist(sql1)) {
					System.out.println("学号重复，操作终止");
					return;
				}
				System.out.println("请输入姓名");
				String name = scanner.next();
				System.out.println("请输入手机号");
				String mobile = scanner.next();
				System.out.println("请输入地止");
				String address = scanner.next();
				String sql2="insert into student(id,name,mobile,address) values ('"+id+"','"+name+"','"+mobile+"','"+address+"') ";
				if(new DBLink().update(sql2)) {
					System.out.println("添加成功");
				}
				System.out.println("添加失败");
				break;
			}
			case 2:{
				System.out.println("请输入学号");
				String id = scanner.next();
				String sql1 = "select id from student where id='"+id+"' ";
				if(new DBLink().exist(sql1)) {
					System.out.println("请输入新姓名");
					String name = scanner.next();
					System.out.println("请输入新地址");
					String address = scanner.next();
					String sql2 = "update student set name = '"+name+"'，address = '"+address+"' where id = '"+id+"'";
					new DBLink().update(sql2);
					System.out.println("修改成功");
					return;
				}
				System.out.println("学号不存在，修改失败");
				break;
			}
			case 3:{
				System.out.println("请输入学号");
				String id = scanner.next();
				String sql1 = "select id from student where id='"+id+"' ";
				if(new DBLink().exist(sql1)) {
					class RowMapper implements IRowMapper{
						@Override
						public void IRowMapper(ResultSet rs) {
							try {
								if(rs.next()) {
									String id = rs.getString("id");
									String name = rs.getString("name");
									String mobile = rs.getString("mobile");
									String address = rs.getString("address");
									System.out.println(id+','+name+','+mobile+','+address);
								}
							} catch (SQLException e) {
								e.printStackTrace();
							}
						}	
					}
					String sql2 = "select id,name,mobile,address from student where id='"+id+"'";
					RowMapper rowMapper = new RowMapper();
					new DBLink().select(sql2,rowMapper);
					return;
				}
				System.out.println("学号不存在，查询失败");
				break;
			}
			case 4:{
				System.out.println("请输入学号");
				String id = scanner.next();
				String sql1 = "select id from student where id = '"+id+"'";
				if(new DBLink().exist(sql1)){
					String sql2 = "delete from student where id ='"+id+"'";
					new DBLink().update(sql2);
					System.out.println("删除成功");
					return;
				}
				System.out.println("没有找到学号为"+id+"的学生，删除失败");
				break;
			}
			default:
				System.out.println("I'm Sorry,there is not the "+option+" option,please try again.");
		}
	}
}