文章目录
mysql的程序组成
mysql工具使用
//语法:mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
//常用的OPTIONS:
-uUSERNAMEmysql -uroot -pzm123//指定用户名,默认为root
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pzm123!
-hHOST //指定服务器主机,默认为localhost,推荐使用ip地址
-pPASSWORD //指定用户的密码
-P# //指定数据库监听的端口,这里的#需用实际的端口号代替,如-P3307
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1
-V //查看当前使用的mysql版本
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.38, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
-e //不登录mysql执行sql语句后退出,常用于脚本
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -e 'show databases;'
Enter password:
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
服务器监听的两种socket地址
socket类型 | 说明 |
---|---|
ip socket | 默认监听在tcp的3306端口,支持远程通信 |
unix sock | 监听在sock文件上(/tmp/mysql.sock,/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock) 仅支持本地通信 server地址只能是:localhost,127.0.0.1 |
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pzm123! -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql数据库操作
DDL操作
数据库操作
/创建数据库
//语法:CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] 'DB_NAME';
//创建数据库zm
mysql> create database zm;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.41 sec)
//查看当前实例有哪些数据库
mysql> create database zm;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.41 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| zm |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.38 sec)
//删除数据库
//语法:DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] 'DB_NAME';
//删除数据库wangqingge
mysql> drop database zm;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
表操作
//创建表
//语法:CREATE TABLE table_name (col1 datatype 修饰符,col2 datatype 修饰符) ENGINE='存储引擎类型';
//在数据库wangqingge里创建表zm
mysql> create database zm;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use zm;
Database changed
mysql> create table zm (id int not null,name varchar(100) not null,age tinyint(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec)
//查看当前数据库有哪些表
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_zm |
+--------------+
| zm |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
//删除表
//语法:DROP TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] 'table_name';
//删除表zm
mysql> drop table zm;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.46 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
用户操作
mysql用户帐号由两部分组成,如’USERNAME’@‘HOST’,表示此USERNAME只能从此HOST上远程登录
这里(‘USERNAME’@‘HOST’)的HOST用于限制此用户可通过哪些主机远程连接mysql程序,其值可为:
- IP地址,如:172.16.12.129
- 通配符
- %:匹配任意长度的任意字符,常用于设置允许从任何主机登录
- _:匹配任意单个字符
查看命令SHOW
查看支持的所有字符集
mysql> show character set;
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 |
| macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 |
| utf16le | UTF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
| gb18030 | China National Standard GB18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci | 4 |
+----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
41 rows in set (0.12 sec)
查看当前数据库支持的所有存储引擎
mysql> show engines;
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
| BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO |
| MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO |
| FEDERATED | NO | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.33 sec)
不进入某数据库而列出其包含的所有表
mysql> show tables from runtime;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_runtime |
+-------------------+
| linux |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
查看表结构
mysql> desc runtime.linux;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(10) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>
查看某表的创建命令
mysql> show create table runtime.linux;
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| linux | CREATE TABLE `linux` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`age` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
查看某表的状态
mysql> use runtime;
Database changed
mysql> show table status like 'linux'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Name: linux
Engine: InnoDB
Version: 10
Row_format: Dynamic
Rows: 0
Avg_row_length: 0
Data_length: 16384
Max_data_length: 0
Index_length: 0
Data_free: 0
Auto_increment: NULL
Create_time: 2022-07-25 19:09:18
Update_time: NULL
Check_time: NULL
Collation: latin1_swedish_ci
Checksum: NULL
Create_options:
Comment:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
查看数据库信息
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| zm |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
获取帮助
获取创建表的帮助
mysql> help create table;
Name: 'CREATE TABLE'
Description:
Syntax:
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
(create_definition,...)
[table_options]
[partition_options]
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
[(create_definition,...)]
[table_options]
[partition_options]
[IGNORE | REPLACE]
[AS] query_expression
...
DML操作
DML操作包括增(INSERT)、删(DELETE)、改(UPDATE)、查(SELECT),均属针对表的操作。
INSERT语句
/DML操作之增操作insert
//语法:INSERT [INTO] table_name [(column_name,...)] {VALUES | VALUE} (value1,...),(...),...
mysql> insert into zuomian(id,name,age) values(1,'zhangsan',20),(2,'lisi',21),(3,'wangwu',22),(4,'hanhan',23),(5,'gouliu',24);
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from zuomian;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select id,name,age from zuomian;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SELECT语句
字段column表示法
表示符 | 代表什么? |
---|---|
* | 所有字段 |
as | 字段别名,如col1 AS alias1 当表名很长时用别名代替 |
条件判断语句WHERE
操作类型 | 常用操作符 |
---|---|
操作符 | >,<,>=,<=,=,!= BETWEEN column# AND column# LIKE:模糊匹配 RLIKE:基于正则表达式进行模式匹配 IS NOT NULL:非空 IS NULL:空 |
条件逻辑操作 | AND OR NOT |
ORDER BY:排序,默认为升序(ASC)
ORDER BY语句 | 意义 |
---|---|
ORDER BY ‘column_name’ | 根据column_name进行升序排序 |
ORDER BY ‘column_name’ DESC | 根据column_name进行降序排序 |
ORDER BY ’column_name’ LIMIT 2 | 根据column_name进行升序排序 并只取前2个结果 |
ORDER BY ‘column_name’ LIMIT 1,2 | 根据column_name进行升序排序 并且略过第1个结果取后面的2个结果 |
//DML操作之查操作select
//语法:SELECT column1,column2,... FROM table_name [WHERE clause] [ORDER BY 'column_name' [DESC]] [LIMIT [m,]n];
mysql> select * from zuomain where name = 'gouliu';
+----+---------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------+------+
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+---------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from zuomain where age >= 20;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from zuomian where age <= 20;
+----+----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
+----+----------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from zuomian where age > 20;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from zuomian where age < 23;
+----+----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
+----+----------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from zuomian where age != 23;
+----+----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+----------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
update语句
//DML操作之改操作update
//语法:UPDATE table_name SET column1 = new_value1[,column2 = new_value2,...] [WHERE clause] [ORDER BY 'column_name' [DESC]] [LIMIT [m,]n];
mysql> select * from lxy;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update lxy set age = 30 where name = 'hjd';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from lxy;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
delete语句
//DML操作之删操作delete
//语法:DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE clause] [ORDER BY 'column_name' [DESC]] [LIMIT [m,]n];
mysql> select * from zuomian;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
| 5 | gouliu | 24 |
+----+-----------+------+
mysql> delete from wangqing where id = 5; //删除某条记录
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from wangqing;
+----+-----------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-----------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
| 2 | lisi | 21 |
| 3 | wangwu | 22 |
| 4 | hanhan | 23 |
+----+-----------+------+
mysql> delete from wangqing; //删除整张表的内容
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from wangqing;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc zuomian;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
truncate语句
truncate与delete的区别:
语句类型 | 特点 |
---|---|
delete | DELETE删除表内容时仅删除内容,但会保留表结构 DELETE语句每次删除一行,并在事务日志中为所删除的每行记录一项 可以通过回滚事务日志恢复数据 非常占用空间 |
truncate | 删除表中所有数据,且无法恢复 表结构、约束和索引等保持不变,新添加的行计数值重置为初始值 执行速度比DELETE快,且使用的系统和事务日志资源少 通过释放存储表数据所用的数据页来删除数据,并且只在事务日志中记录页的释放 对于有外键约束引用的表,不能使用TRUNCATE TABLE删除数据 不能用于加入了索引视图的表 |
//语法:TRUNCATE table_name;
mysql> select * from lxy;
+----+------+------+--------+
| id | name | age | salary |
+----+------+------+--------+
| 3 | zzz | 21 | 2000 |
| 4 | re | 26 | 2500 |
| 5 | sss | 23 | 3000 |
| 6 | lxy | 24 | 3500 |
+----+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> truncate lxy;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from lxy;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc lxy;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(10) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(3) | YES | | NULL | |
| salary | float | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
DCL操作
创建授权grant
权限类型(priv_type)
权限类型 | 代表什么? |
---|---|
ALL | 所有权限 |
SELECT | 读取内容的权限 |
INSERT | 插入内容的权限 |
UPDATE | 更新内容的权限 |
DELETE | 删除内容的权限 |
指定要操作的对象db_name.table_name
表示方式 | 意义 |
---|---|
. | 所有库的所有表 |
db_name | 指定库的所有表 |
db_name.table_name | 指定库的指定表 |
WITH GRANT OPTION:被授权的用户可将自己的权限副本转赠给其他用户,说白点就是将自己的权限完全复制给另一个用户。不建议使用。
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zm123456!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.45 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.207.128' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zm123456!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.37 sec)
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-jqFkpX57-1658804290500)(C:\Users\zm\Desktop\屏幕截图 2022-07-26 102440.JPG)]
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-Kk86LI3w-1658804290510)(C:\Users\zm\Desktop\屏幕截图 2022-07-26 102940.JPG)]
mysql> select * from niuroujiang;
+----+---------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------+------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 20 |
+----+---------+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
查看授权
//查看当前登录用户的授权信息
mysql> show grants;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@localhost |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION |
| GRANT PROXY ON ''@'' TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.10 sec)
//查看指定用户wangqing的授权信息
mysql> show grants for 'root'@'192.168.207.128';
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@192.168.207.128 |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.207.128' |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
取消授权REVOKE
mysql> revoke all on *.* from 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-jgCcoIJt-1658804290516)(C:\Users\zm\Desktop\屏幕截图 2022-07-26 104934.JPG)]
实战案例
1.搭建mysql服务
2.创建一个以你名字为名的数据库,并创建一张表student,该表包含三个字段(id,name,age),表结构如下:
mysql> desc student;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> CREATE DATABASE zuomian;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use zuomian;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE zuomian(id int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,age tinyint(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
mysql> show tables
-> show tables;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'show tables' at line 2
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_zuomian |
+-------------------+
| zuomian |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc zuomian;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(3) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.60 sec)
3.查看下该新建的表有无内容(用select语句)
mysql> select * from zuomian;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
4.往新建的student表中插入数据(用insert语句),结果应如下所示:
+----+-------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+-------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 6 | zhangshan | 20 |
| 7 | lisi | NULL |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 3 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuxiaotian | 20 |
+----+-------------+------+