QT串口助手编写

ui界面：

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QSerialPort>

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();
    QSerialPort *serialPort;

private slots:
    void on_openBt_clicked();

    void on_closeBt_clicked();

    void serialPortReadyRead_Slot();

    void on_sendBt_clicked();

    void on_clearBt_clicked();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
};

#endif // WIDGET_H

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QSerialPortInfo>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QString>
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    QStringList serialNamePort;
    serialPort = new QSerialPort(this);//新建串口
    connect(serialPort,SIGNAL(),this,SLOT(serialPortReadyRead_Slot()));//链接串口发生信号时，触发槽函数，在槽函数中进行串口信息读取并显示在接受框

    foreach (const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts()){
        serialNamePort<<info.portName();
    }
    ui->serialCb->addItems(serialNamePort);//搜索可用串口并添加到serialCb可选框内
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Widget::serialPortReadyRead_Slot()
{
    QString buf;
    buf = QString(serialPort->readAll());
    ui->recvEdit->appendPlainText(buf);
}

void Widget::on_openBt_clicked()//该函数进行打开串口操作，在此完成数据位，波特率等串口信息的设置
{
    QSerialPort::BaudRate baudRate;
    QSerialPort::DataBits dateBits;
    QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits;
    QSerialPort::Parity checkBits;

    if(ui->boundrateCb->currentText() == "4800"){
        baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud4800;
    }else if(ui->boundrateCb->currentText() == "9600"){
        baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud4800;
    }else if(ui->boundrateCb->currentText() == "115200"){
        baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud115200;
    }

    if(ui->dateCb->currentText() == "5"){
        dateBits = QSerialPort::Data5;
    }else if(ui->dateCb->currentText() == "6"){
        dateBits = QSerialPort::Data6;
    }else if(ui->dateCb->currentText() == "7"){
        dateBits = QSerialPort::Data7;
    }else if(ui->dateCb->currentText() == "8"){
        dateBits = QSerialPort::Data8;
    }

    if(ui->stopCb->currentText() == "1"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
    }else if(ui->stopCb->currentText() == "1.5"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop;
    }else if(ui->stopCb->currentText() == "2"){
        stopBits = QSerialPort::TwoStop;
    }

    if(ui->checkCb->currentText() == "none"){
        checkBits = QSerialPort::NoParity;
    }

    serialPort->setPortName(ui->serialCb->currentText());
    serialPort->setBaudRate(baudRate);
    serialPort->setDataBits(dateBits);
    serialPort->setStopBits(stopBits);
    serialPort->setParity(checkBits);

    if(serialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite) == true){
        QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","成功");
    }
    else {
        QMessageBox::critical(this,"提示","失败");
    }
}

void Widget::on_closeBt_clicked()
{
    serialPort->close();
}

void Widget::on_sendBt_clicked()
{
    serialPort->write(ui->sendEdit->text().toLocal8Bit().data());
}

void Widget::on_clearBt_clicked()
{
    ui->recvEdit->clear();
}

补充：串口助手选择好串口并打开后，就和该串口上的信息进行交互，在该串口上读取信息和 往该串口上发送信息。