SpringMVC——我的第一个SpringMVC程序

项目结构如下

---

1、在maven中导入spring-webmvc的依赖

<dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/jsp-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、配置web.xml，注册DispatcherServlet

<!--    配置DispatcherServlet，这个是Springmvc的核心：请求分发器，前端控制器-->
<!--    DispatcherServlet要绑定springmvc的配置文件-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

<!--    springmvc中-->
<!--    /：只匹配所有请求，不会匹配jsp页面-->
<!--    /*：匹配所有请求，包括jsp页面-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

3、配置springMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 添加处理映射器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <!-- 添加处理器适配器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
    
    <!--视图解析器:DispatcherServlet给他的ModeLAndView-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver"/>
	<!--前缀-->
	<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
	<!--后缀-->
	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

4、编写业务类HelloController，继承自接口Controller

//注意: 这里我们先导入Controller接口
public class HelloController implements Controler {
public ModelAndView handleRequest (HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    //ModeLAndView模型和视图
    ModelAndView mv = new Mode1AndView();
    //封装对象，放在ModeLAndView中
    mv.addobject("msg","HelloSpringMVC!");
    //封装要跳转的视图，放在ModelAndView中
    mv.setViewName("hello"); //: /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
    return mv;
    }
}

5、将业务类注册到容器中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 添加处理映射器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <!-- 添加处理器适配器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
    
    <!--视图解析器:DispatcherServlet给他的ModeLAndView-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver"/>
	<!--前缀-->
	<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
	<!--后缀-->
	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- handler -->
    <bean name="/hello" class="com.qilu.controller.HelloController" />

</beans>

6、编写hello.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 流浪者
  Date: 2020/11/18
  Time: 19:17
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}

</body>
</html>