IO知识点

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前言

一、硬盘

二、文件

2022-05-08

1.文件数据=管理数据+内容数据

2.文件路径

路径存在不代表文件一定存在

3.小结

三、java.io.File类

1.File

public class Main1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        {
            File file = new File("D:\\课程\\2022-05-08-Java19-22班-IO\\陈沛鑫.txt");
            System.out.println(file);
            // 对象存在
            // 文件并不存在
        }

        {
            // 父结点，一般都是目录
            File parent = new File("D:\\课程\\2022-05-08-Java19-22班-IO");
            File file = new File(parent, "陈沛鑫.txt");
            System.out.println(file);
        }

        {
            // 父结点，一般都是目录
            File file = new File("D:\\课程\\2022-05-08-Java19-22班-IO", "陈沛鑫.txt");
            System.out.println(file);
        }
    }
}

2.File类下的常见方法

3.小结及练习

四、文件读取内容

2022-05-09

// 1. 实在搞不定，就先写绝对路径
// 2. 结合运行时配置中的 working directory + 相对路径，能否得到正确的绝对路径
        try (InputStream is = new FileInputStream("C:\\\hello.txt")) {
            byte[] b = new byte[20];

            int n = is.read(b);     // 返回值：本次接到多少字节的数据
            System.out.println(n);      // n

            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));
            n = is.read();  // 下一个字节的数据
            System.out.println(n);      // 108
        }

五、练习

public class File {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      try(InputStream is = new FileInputStream("C:\\world1.txt")) {
            try(Scanner scanner = new Scanner(is,"UTF-8")){
                //输出
                try(OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("C:\\world2.txt")) {
                    try(Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(os,"UTF-8")){
                        try(PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer)){
                            while(scanner.hasNextLine()){
                                String line = scanner.nextLine();
                                String replace = line.replace("你好","wohao ");
                                printWriter.println(replace);
                            }
                            printWriter.flush();
                        }

                    }
                }
            }
        }
      }
   }

public class CopyFile {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 源文件：src.png
        // 目标文件：dest.png
        try (InputStream is = new FileInputStream("dest.png")) {
            try (OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("dest2.png")) {
                byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
                while (true) {
                    int n = is.read(buf);
                    if (n == -1) {
                        break;
                    }

                    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                        buf[i] -= 1;
                    }
                    os.write(buf, 0, n);
                }
                os.flush();
            }
        }
    }
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyDirectory {
    static String source = "D:\\课程\\2022-05-08-Java19-22班-线程总结";
    static String dest = "D:\\课程\\2022-05-09-Java19班-IO\\目标";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File srcFile = new File(source);
        if (!srcFile.isDirectory()) {
            System.out.println("源不是目录");
            return;
        }
        File destFile = new File(dest);
        if (destFile.exists()) {
            System.out.println("目标路径已经存在");
            return;
        }

        traversal(srcFile, destFile);
    }

    private static void traversal(File dir, File destFile) throws IOException {
        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
        if (files == null) {
            return;
        }
        for (File file : files) {
            if (file.isDirectory()) {
                String path1 = file.getCanonicalPath();
                String relative = path1.substring(source.length());
                String path2 = dest + relative;
                File file2 = new File(path2);
                file2.mkdirs();
                traversal(file, destFile);
            } else if (file.isFile()) {
            }
        }
    }
}

总结