前言
本案例作为对Java基础学习后的练习，掌握集合的使用方法，字符串的处理操作以及一系列循环开关语句的运用。在eclipse编译环境下实现，体会类的封装，方法的封装与调用，适合初学者学习和理解！
提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考
一、学生信息管理系统内容要求
- 存储学生对象信息
- 实现增、删、改、查四个功能
- 进行简单的封装实现交互信息
二、实现思路
1.构造学生对象
- 创建学生类
- 申明学生类的成员
- 初始化成员信息
- 建立一系列Get、Set方法及显示方法
2.构造工具类
- 存储方式（集合）
- 查询学生信息
- 增加学生对象
- 删除学生对象
- 修改学生对象信息
- 显示全部对象信息
- 自动生成学生信息
- 显示菜单
- 提示用户输入一个学生的信息
3.实现控制台交互
利用swicth开关与菜单的显示实现与用户的交互
三、代码实现
构造学生类
package student.jess;
/*
* 构建学生对象类并建立Get、Set方法
*/
public class Student {
private String name;
private String no;
private int sex;
private int age;
public Student() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public Student(String name, String no, int sex, int age) {
super();
this.name = name;//姓名
this.no = no;//学号
this.sex = sex;//性别 1是男 2为女
this.age = age;//年龄
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getNo() {
return no;
}
public void setNo(String no) {
this.no = no;
}
public int getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "| Student [name=" + name + ", no=" + no + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age +"] |";
}
}
构造工具类
package student.jess;
/*
* 工具服务类
*/
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;
import student.jess.tool.Name2;
import student.jess.tool.No;
public class Tool {
public static int count=0;//记录当前集合所存储的元素
private List<Student> stuList;//泛型 集合存储student类对象
/*
*构造方法初始化
*/
public Tool() {
super();
stuList=new ArrayList<Student>();
}
/*
* 存入一个学生对象
*/
public void addStudent(Student stu) {
Student findStudent = findStudent(stu.getNo());
if (findStudent!=null) {
System.out.println("该学生已存储"+stu.toString());
}
else {
stuList.add(stu);
count++;
}
}
/*
* 按学号查询 返回该对象
*/
public Student findStudent(String no) {
int k=0;
for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
if (stuList.get(i).getNo().equals(no)) {
System.out.println(stuList.get(i).toString());
k++;
return stuList.get(i);
}
}
System.err.println("未找到这个学生！");
return null;
}
/*
* 删除一个学生 按学号
*/
public void Delete(String no) {
int i;
for ( i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
if (stuList.get(i).getNo().equals(no)) {
stuList.remove(i);
count--;
break;
}
}
if (i>stuList.size()) {
System.err.println("未找到该学生！");
}
}
/*
* 修改一个学生的信息
*/
public Student Update(Student stu) {
int k=1;
for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
if (stuList.get(i).getNo().equals(stu.getNo())) {
stuList.set(i, stu);
return stuList.get(i);
}
k++;
}
if (k>stuList.size()){
System.err.println("未找到该学生");
}
return null;
}
/*
* 显示集合内的信息
*/
public void Display() {
System.out.println("=========================下面显示集合内的信息=====================");
System.out.println("________________________________________________________________");
for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(stuList.get(i).toString());
}
System.out.println("|_______________________________________________________________|");
}
/*
* 自动生成一定数量的学生信息
*/
public void information(int n) {
//生成随机数
Random random=new Random();
//姓名与学号的生成在工具包中单独封装为两个类（见下文）
Name2 name2=new Name2();
//学号传入参数 前缀 和最后控制位数0-99两位即可
No no=new No("41940011", 2);
for (int i = 0; i <n ; i++) {
Student stu=new Student();
stu.setName(name2.makename());
stu.setNo(no.MakeNo(i));
//年龄自动生成 范围在18-22岁 random的用法
stu.setAge(random.nextInt(5)+18);
//性别随机1或2
stu.setSex(random.nextInt(2)+1);
stuList.add(stu);
count++;
}
}
/*
* 菜单显示
*/
public void menu() {
System.out.println("=========学生信息管理系统=========");
System.out.println("_________________________________");
System.out.println("|1.显示集合元素 |");
System.out.println("|2.增加一个学生对象 |");
System.out.println("|3.查询一个学生对象（按学号） |");
System.out.println("|4.删除一个学生对象（按学号） |");
System.out.println("|5.修改一个学生对象的信息 |");
System.out.println("|6.模拟生成一定数量的学生对象 |");
System.out.println("|7.显示当前储存人数！ |");
System.out.println("|0.退出 |");
System.out.println("|________________________________|");
}
/*
* 提示用户输入一个学生对象的信息
*/
public Student input() {
Student student=new Student();
System.out.println("下面根据提示输入学生的信息");
System.out.println("请输入学号");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
student.setNo(scanner.next());
System.out.println("请输入姓名");
student.setName(scanner.next());
System.out.println("请输入年龄");
student.setAge(scanner.nextInt());
System.out.println("请输入性别（1为男、2为女）");
student.setSex(scanner.nextInt());
return student;
}
}
工具包中的姓名自动生成
package student.jess.tool;
/*
* 自动随机生成姓名
*/
import java.util.Random;
public class Name2 {
private String [] firstName;
private String [] word;
/*
*构造函数初始化两个字符串数组
*/
public Name2() {
super();
firstName= new String[]{
"赵","钱","孙","李","周","吴","郑","王","冯","陈",
"楮","卫","蒋","沈","韩","杨","朱","秦","尤","许",
"何","吕","施","张","孔","曹","严","华","金","魏",
"陶","姜","戚","谢","邹","喻","柏","水","窦","章",
"云","苏","潘","葛","奚","范","彭","郎","鲁","韦",
"昌","马","苗","凤","花","方","俞","任","袁","柳",
"酆","鲍","史","唐","费","廉","岑","薛","雷","贺",
"倪","汤","滕","殷","罗","毕","郝","邬","安","常",
"乐","于","时","傅","皮","卞","齐","康","伍","余",
"元","卜","顾","孟","平","黄","和","穆","萧","尹",
"姚","邵","湛","汪","祁","毛","禹","狄","米","贝",
"明","臧","计","伏","成","戴","谈","宋","茅","庞",
"熊","纪","舒","屈","项","祝","董","梁","杜","阮",
"蓝","闽","席","季","麻","强","贾","路","娄","危",
"江","童","颜","郭","梅","盛","林","刁","锺","徐",
"丘","骆","高","夏","蔡","田","樊","胡","凌","霍",
"虞","万","支","柯","昝","管","卢","莫","经","房",
"裘","缪","干","解","应","宗","丁","宣","贲","邓",
"郁","单","杭","洪","包","诸","左","石","崔","吉",
"钮","龚","程","嵇","邢","滑","裴","陆","荣","翁",
"荀","羊","於","惠","甄","麹","家","封","芮","羿",
"储","靳","汲","邴","糜","松","井","段","富","巫",
"乌","焦","巴","弓","牧","隗","山","谷","车","侯",
"宓","蓬","全","郗","班","仰","秋","仲","伊","宫",
"宁","仇","栾","暴","甘","斜","厉","戎","祖","武",
"符","刘","景","詹","束","龙","叶","幸","司","韶",
"郜","黎","蓟","薄","印","宿","白","怀","蒲","邰",
"从","鄂","索","咸","籍","赖","卓","蔺","屠","蒙",
"池","乔","阴","郁","胥","能","苍","双","闻","莘",
"党","翟","谭","贡","劳","逄","姬","申","扶","堵",
"冉","宰","郦","雍","郤","璩","桑","桂","濮","牛",
"寿","通","边","扈","燕","冀","郏","浦","尚","农",
"温","别","庄","晏","柴","瞿","阎","充","慕","连",
"茹","习","宦","艾","鱼","容","向","古","易","慎",
"戈","廖","庾","终","暨","居","衡","步","都","耿",
"满","弘","匡","国","文","寇","广","禄","阙","东",
"欧","殳","沃","利","蔚","越","夔","隆","师","巩",
"厍","聂","晁","勾","敖","融","冷","訾","辛","阚",
"那","简","饶","空","曾","毋","沙","乜","养","鞠",
"须","丰","巢","关","蒯","相","查","后","荆","红",
"游","竺","权","逑","盖","益","桓","公","仉","督",
"晋","楚","阎","法","汝","鄢","涂","钦","归","海",
"岳","帅","缑","亢","况","后","有","琴","商","牟",
"佘","佴","伯","赏","墨","哈","谯","笪","年","爱",
"阳","佟",
"万俟","司马","上官","欧阳","夏侯",
"诸葛","闻人","东方","赫连","皇甫",
"尉迟","公羊","澹台","公冶","宗政",
"濮阳","淳于","单于","太叔","申屠",
"公孙","仲孙","轩辕","令狐","锺离",
"宇文","长孙","慕容","鲜于","闾丘",
"司徒","司空","丌官","司寇","南宫",
"子车","颛孙","端木","巫马","公西",
"漆雕","乐正","壤驷","公良","拓拔",
"夹谷","宰父","谷梁","段干","百里",
"东郭","南门","呼延","羊舌","微生",
"梁丘","左丘","东门","西门"
};
word= new String[]{"一","乙","二","十","丁","厂","七","卜","人","入","八","九","几","儿","了","力","乃","刀","又",
"三","于","干","亏","士","工","土","才","寸","下","大","丈","与","万","上","小","口","巾","山",
"千","乞","川","亿","个","勺","久","凡","及","夕","丸","么","广","亡","门","义","之","尸","弓",
"己","已","子","卫","也","女","飞","刃","习","叉","马","乡","丰","王","井","开","夫","天","无",
"元","专","云","扎","艺","木","五","支","厅","不","太","犬","区","历","尤","友","匹","车","巨",
"牙","屯","比","互","切","瓦","止","少","日","中","冈","贝","内","水","见","午","牛","手","毛",
"气","升","长","仁","什","片","仆","化","仇","币","仍","仅","斤","爪","反","介","父","从","今",
"凶","分","乏","公","仓","月","氏","勿","欠","风","丹","匀","乌","凤","勾","文","六","方","火",
"为","斗","忆","订","计","户","认","心","尺","引","丑","巴","孔","队","办","以","允","予","劝",
"双","书","幻","玉","刊","示","末","未","击","打","巧","正","扑","扒","功","扔","去","甘","世",
"古","节","本","术","可","丙","左","厉","右","石","布","龙","平","灭","轧","东","卡","北","占",
"业","旧","帅","归","且","旦","目","叶","甲","申","叮","电","号","田","由","史","只","央","兄",
"叼","叫","另","叨","叹","四","生","失","禾","丘","付","仗","代","仙","们","仪","白","仔","他",
"斥","瓜","乎","丛","令","用","甩","印","乐","句","匆","册","犯","外","处","冬","鸟","务","包",
"饥","主","市","立","闪","兰","半","汁","汇","头","汉","宁","穴","它","讨","写","让","礼","训",
"必","议","讯","记","永","司","尼","民","出","辽","奶","奴","加","召","皮","边","发","孕","圣",
"对","台","矛","纠","母","幼","丝","式","刑","动","扛","寺","吉","扣","考","托","老","执","巩",
"圾","扩","扫","地","扬","场","耳","共","芒","亚","芝","朽","朴","机","权","过","臣","再","协",
"西","压","厌","在","有","百","存","而","页","匠","夸","夺","灰","达","列","死","成","夹","轨",
"邪","划","迈","毕","至","此","贞","师","尘","尖","劣","光","当","早","吐","吓","虫","曲","团",
"同","吊","吃","因","吸","吗","屿","帆","岁","回","岂","刚","则","肉","网","年","朱","先","丢",
"舌","竹","迁","乔","伟","传","乒","乓","休","伍","伏","优","伐","延","件","任","伤","价","份",
"华","仰","仿","伙","伪","自","血","向","似","后","行","舟","全","会","杀","合","兆","企","众",
"爷","伞","创","肌","朵","杂","危","旬","旨","负","各","名","多","争","色","壮","冲","冰","庄",
"庆","亦","刘","齐","交","次","衣","产","决","充","妄","闭","问","闯","羊","并","关","米","灯",
"州","汗","污","江","池","汤","忙","兴","宇","守","宅","字","安","讲","军","许","论","农","讽",
"设","访","寻","那","迅","尽","导","异","孙","阵","阳","收","阶","阴","防","奸","如","妇","好",
"她","妈","戏","羽","观","欢","买","红","纤","级","约","纪","驰","巡","寿","弄","麦","形","进",
"};
}
/*
* 生成两个字的名字
*/
public String makeName1() {
Random random=new Random();
//随机生成姓
int index=random.nextInt(firstName.length);
String firString=firstName[index];
//随机生成名
int index2=random.nextInt(word.length);
String tempString=firString+word[index2];
return tempString;
}
/*
* 生成三个字的名字
*/
public String makeName2() {
Random random=new Random();
//随机生成姓
int index=random.nextInt(firstName.length);
String firString=firstName[index];
//随机生成名
int index2=random.nextInt(word.length);
int index3=random.nextInt(word.length);
String tempString=firString+word[index2]+word[index3];
return tempString;
}
/*
* 生成三个字或者两个字的名字
*/
public String makename() {
Name2 name=new Name2();
Random random=new Random();
//随机产生一个布尔值
if(random.nextBoolean()){
return name.makeName1();
}
else {
return name.makeName2();
}
}
}
工具包中的学号自动生成
package student.jess.tool;
/*
* 自动生成学号
*/
public class No {
private String preString;//前缀
private int count;//后几位工号
//初始化
public No(String preString, int count) {
super();
this.preString = preString;
this.count = count;
}
public String MakeNo(int i) {
//字符串格式化
String str=String.format("%0"+count+"d",i+1);
return preString+str;
}
}
实现菜单功能进行交互
package student.jess;
/*
* 测试类main
*/
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*
* 交互系统
*/
int k=0;
Tool tool=new Tool();
Scanner scanner2=new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
tool.menu();
System.out.println("-------请输入你的选项(0-7)---------");
k=scanner2.nextInt();
//开关控制结构
switch (k) {
case 1:
tool.Display();
break;
case 2:
tool.addStudent(tool.input());
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("请输入要查询的学生的学号");
tool.findStudent(scanner2.next());
break;
case 4:
tool.Display();
System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生的学号");
tool.Delete(scanner2.next());
break;
case 5:
tool.Display();
System.out.println("请输入要修改学生对象的信息");
tool.Update(tool.input());
break;
case 6:
System.out.println("请输入要模拟生成几个学生对象的信息");
tool.information(scanner2.nextInt());
break;
case 7:
System.out.println("当前共储存"+tool.count+"人");
break;
case 0:
System.err.println("退出成功，欢迎下次使用！");
System.exit(0);
default:
System.err.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
break;
}
}
}
}
四、效果展示
菜单界面
显示集合信息
显示增加元素
显示功能
总结
以上就是今天对学生信息管理系统的简单介绍与实现，其中还有许多不足，希望各位大佬评论，对于姓名生成过于单一的问题，由于小编在此不宜过多丰富字典所以删除了一部分，如有需要完整版源代码，请在下方评论。这是对java基础的学习与总结，适合初学者，希望可以给大家带来帮助，欢迎大家评论，共同成长！
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