【Linux 驱动】IMX6ULL interrupt驱动

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-12 10:01:33 发布

姿势的搬运工

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-12 10:01:33 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47596351/article/details/141531722

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1. GIC驱动初始化

start_kernel (init\main.c)
init_IRQ (arch\arm\kernel\irq.c)
   irqchip_init (drivers\irqchip\irqchip.c)
       of_irq_init (drivers\of\irq.c)
           desc->irq_init_cb = match->data;

ret = desc->irq_init_cb(desc->dev,
desc->interrupt_parent);

2. 数据结构分析

2.1 irq_desc

/**
 * struct irq_desc - interrupt descriptor
 * @irq_data:		per irq and chip data passed down to chip functions
 * @kstat_irqs:		irq stats per cpu
 * @handle_irq:		highlevel irq-events handler
 * @preflow_handler:	handler called before the flow handler (currently used by sparc)
 * @action:		the irq action chain
 * @status:		status information
 * @core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it: core internal status information
 * @depth:		disable-depth, for nested irq_disable() calls
 * @wake_depth:		enable depth, for multiple irq_set_irq_wake() callers
 * @irq_count:		stats field to detect stalled irqs
 * @last_unhandled:	aging timer for unhandled count
 * @irqs_unhandled:	stats field for spurious unhandled interrupts
 * @threads_handled:	stats field for deferred spurious detection of threaded handlers
 * @threads_handled_last: comparator field for deferred spurious detection of theraded handlers
 * @lock:		locking for SMP
 * @affinity_hint:	hint to user space for preferred irq affinity
 * @affinity_notify:	context for notification of affinity changes
 * @pending_mask:	pending rebalanced interrupts
 * @threads_oneshot:	bitfield to handle shared oneshot threads
 * @threads_active:	number of irqaction threads currently running
 * @wait_for_threads:	wait queue for sync_irq to wait for threaded handlers
 * @nr_actions:		number of installed actions on this descriptor
 * @no_suspend_depth:	number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
 *			IRQF_NO_SUSPEND set
 * @force_resume_depth:	number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
 *			IRQF_FORCE_RESUME set
 * @dir:		/proc/irq/ procfs entry
 * @name:		flow handler name for /proc/interrupts output
 */
struct irq_desc {
	struct irq_data		irq_data;    /* 里面保存了中断的数据和中断的操作函数 */
	unsigned int __percpu	*kstat_irqs;
	irq_flow_handler_t	handle_irq;
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_PREFLOW_FASTEOI
	irq_preflow_handler_t	preflow_handler;
#endif
	struct irqaction	*action;	/* IRQ action list */ /* 中断回调函数链表 */
	unsigned int		status_use_accessors;
	unsigned int		core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it;
	unsigned int		depth;		/* nested irq disables */
	unsigned int		wake_depth;	/* nested wake enables */
	unsigned int		irq_count;	/* For detecting broken IRQs */
	unsigned long		last_unhandled;	/* Aging timer for unhandled count */
	unsigned int		irqs_unhandled;
	atomic_t		threads_handled;
	int			threads_handled_last;
	raw_spinlock_t		lock;
	struct cpumask		*percpu_enabled;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	const struct cpumask	*affinity_hint;
	struct irq_affinity_notify *affinity_notify;
#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_PENDING_IRQ
	cpumask_var_t		pending_mask;
#endif
#endif
	unsigned long		threads_oneshot;
	atomic_t		threads_active;
	wait_queue_head_t       wait_for_threads;
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
	unsigned int		nr_actions;
	unsigned int		no_suspend_depth;
	unsigned int		cond_suspend_depth;
	unsigned int		force_resume_depth;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	struct proc_dir_entry	*dir;
#endif
	int			parent_irq;
	struct module		*owner;
	const char		*name;
}

2.2 irq_data

/**
 * struct irq_data - per irq and irq chip data passed down to chip functions
 * @mask:		precomputed bitmask for accessing the chip registers
 * @irq:		interrupt number
 * @hwirq:		hardware interrupt number, local to the interrupt domain
 * @node:		node index useful for balancing
 * @state_use_accessors: status information for irq chip functions.
 *			Use accessor functions to deal with it
 * @chip:		low level interrupt hardware access
 * @domain:		Interrupt translation domain; responsible for mapping
 *			between hwirq number and linux irq number.
 * @parent_data:	pointer to parent struct irq_data to support hierarchy
 *			irq_domain
 * @handler_data:	per-IRQ data for the irq_chip methods
 * @chip_data:		platform-specific per-chip private data for the chip
 *			methods, to allow shared chip implementations
 * @msi_desc:		MSI descriptor
 * @affinity:		IRQ affinity on SMP
 *
 * The fields here need to overlay the ones in irq_desc until we
 * cleaned up the direct references and switched everything over to
 * irq_data.
 */
struct irq_data {
	u32			mask;
	unsigned int		irq;    /* 中断编号 */
	unsigned long		hwirq;    /* 硬件中断编号 */
	unsigned int		node;
	unsigned int		state_use_accessors;
	struct irq_chip		*chip;    /* 底层的中断操作函数 */
	struct irq_domain	*domain;    /* 负责irq与hwirq之间的转换 */
#ifdef	CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
	struct irq_data		*parent_data;
#endif
	void			*handler_data;
	void			*chip_data;
	struct msi_desc		*msi_desc;
	cpumask_var_t		affinity;
};

2.2 irq_chip

/**
 * struct irq_chip - hardware interrupt chip descriptor
 *
 * @name:		name for /proc/interrupts
 * @irq_startup:	start up the interrupt (defaults to ->enable if NULL)
 * @irq_shutdown:	shut down the interrupt (defaults to ->disable if NULL)
 * @irq_enable:		enable the interrupt (defaults to chip->unmask if NULL)
 * @irq_disable:	disable the interrupt
 * @irq_ack:		start of a new interrupt
 * @irq_mask:		mask an interrupt source
 * @irq_mask_ack:	ack and mask an interrupt source
 * @irq_unmask:		unmask an interrupt source
 * @irq_eoi:		end of interrupt
 * @irq_set_affinity:	set the CPU affinity on SMP machines
 * @irq_retrigger:	resend an IRQ to the CPU
 * @irq_set_type:	set the flow type (IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL/etc.) of an IRQ
 * @irq_set_wake:	enable/disable power-management wake-on of an IRQ
 * @irq_bus_lock:	function to lock access to slow bus (i2c) chips
 * @irq_bus_sync_unlock:function to sync and unlock slow bus (i2c) chips
 * @irq_cpu_online:	configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
 * @irq_cpu_offline:	un-configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
 * @irq_suspend:	function called from core code on suspend once per chip
 * @irq_resume:		function called from core code on resume once per chip
 * @irq_pm_shutdown:	function called from core code on shutdown once per chip
 * @irq_calc_mask:	Optional function to set irq_data.mask for special cases
 * @irq_print_chip:	optional to print special chip info in show_interrupts
 * @irq_request_resources:	optional to request resources before calling
 *				any other callback related to this irq
 * @irq_release_resources:	optional to release resources acquired with
 *				irq_request_resources
 * @irq_compose_msi_msg:	optional to compose message content for MSI
 * @irq_write_msi_msg:	optional to write message content for MSI
 * @irq_get_irqchip_state:	return the internal state of an interrupt
 * @irq_set_irqchip_state:	set the internal state of a interrupt
 * @flags:		chip specific flags
 */
struct irq_chip {
	struct device	*parent_device;     //指向父设备
	const char	*name;      //  /proc/interrupts中显示的名字
	unsigned int	(*irq_startup)(struct irq_data *data);  //启动中断，如果设置成NULL，则默认为enable
	void		(*irq_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data);     //关闭中断，如果设置成NULL，则默认为disable
	void		(*irq_enable)(struct irq_data *data);   //中断使能，如果设置成NULL，则默认为chip->unmask
	void		(*irq_disable)(struct irq_data *data);  //中断禁止

	void		(*irq_ack)(struct irq_data *data);  //开始新的中断
	void		(*irq_mask)(struct irq_data *data); //中断源屏蔽
	void		(*irq_mask_ack)(struct irq_data *data); //应答并屏蔽中断
	void		(*irq_unmask)(struct irq_data *data);   //解除中断屏蔽
	void		(*irq_eoi)(struct irq_data *data);  //中断处理结束后调用

	int		(*irq_set_affinity)(struct irq_data *data, const struct cpumask *dest, bool force); //在SMP中设置CPU亲和力
	int		(*irq_retrigger)(struct irq_data *data);    //重新发送中断到CPU
	int		(*irq_set_type)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int flow_type); //设置中断触发类型
	int		(*irq_set_wake)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int on);    //使能/禁止电源管理中的唤醒功能

	void		(*irq_bus_lock)(struct irq_data *data); //慢速芯片总线上的锁
	void		(*irq_bus_sync_unlock)(struct irq_data *data);  //同步释放慢速总线芯片的锁

	void		(*irq_cpu_online)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_cpu_offline)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_suspend)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_resume)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_pm_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_calc_mask)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_print_chip)(struct irq_data *data, struct seq_file *p);
	int		(*irq_request_resources)(struct irq_data *data);
	void		(*irq_release_resources)(struct irq_data *data);

	void		(*irq_compose_msi_msg)(struct irq_data *data, struct msi_msg *msg);
	void		(*irq_write_msi_msg)(struct irq_data *data, struct msi_msg *msg);

	int		(*irq_get_irqchip_state)(struct irq_data *data, enum irqchip_irq_state which, bool *state);
	int		(*irq_set_irqchip_state)(struct irq_data *data, enum irqchip_irq_state which, bool state);

	int		(*irq_set_vcpu_affinity)(struct irq_data *data, void *vcpu_info);

	void		(*ipi_send_single)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int cpu);
	void		(*ipi_send_mask)(struct irq_data *data, const struct cpumask *dest);

	unsigned long	flags;
};

struct irq_domain {
	struct list_head link;  //用于添加到全局链表irq_domain_list中
	const char *name;   //IRQ domain的名字
	const struct irq_domain_ops *ops;   //IRQ domain映射操作函数集
	void *host_data;    //在GIC驱动中，指向了irq_gic_data
	unsigned int flags; 
	unsigned int mapcount;  //映射中断的个数

	/* Optional data */
	struct fwnode_handle *fwnode;
	enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token;
	struct irq_domain_chip_generic *gc;
#ifdef	CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
	struct irq_domain *parent;  //支持级联的话，指向父设备
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_DEBUGFS
	struct dentry		*debugfs_file;
#endif

	/* reverse map data. The linear map gets appended to the irq_domain */
	irq_hw_number_t hwirq_max;  //IRQ domain支持中断数量的最大值
	unsigned int revmap_direct_max_irq;
	unsigned int revmap_size;   //线性映射的大小
	struct radix_tree_root revmap_tree; //Radix Tree映射的根节点
	unsigned int linear_revmap[];   //线性映射用到的查找表
};

struct irq_domain_ops {
	int (*match)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
		     enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token);      // 用于中断控制器设备与IRQ domain的匹配
	int (*select)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_fwspec *fwspec,
		      enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token);
	int (*map)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq, irq_hw_number_t hw);    //用于硬件中断号与Linux中断号的映射
	void (*unmap)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq);
	int (*xlate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
		     const u32 *intspec, unsigned int intsize,
		     unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type);     //通过device_node，解析硬件中断号和触发方式

#ifdef	CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
	/* extended V2 interfaces to support hierarchy irq_domains */
	int (*alloc)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
		     unsigned int nr_irqs, void *arg);
	void (*free)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
		     unsigned int nr_irqs);
	void (*activate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
	void (*deactivate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
	int (*translate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_fwspec *fwspec,
			 unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type);
#endif
};

2.3 irq_domain

/**
 * struct irq_domain - Hardware interrupt number translation object
 * @link: Element in global irq_domain list.
 * @name: Name of interrupt domain
 * @ops: pointer to irq_domain methods
 * @host_data: private data pointer for use by owner.  Not touched by irq_domain
 *             core code.
 * @flags: host per irq_domain flags
 *
 * Optional elements
 * @of_node: Pointer to device tree nodes associated with the irq_domain. Used
 *           when decoding device tree interrupt specifiers.
 * @gc: Pointer to a list of generic chips. There is a helper function for
 *      setting up one or more generic chips for interrupt controllers
 *      drivers using the generic chip library which uses this pointer.
 * @parent: Pointer to parent irq_domain to support hierarchy irq_domains
 *
 * Revmap data, used internally by irq_domain
 * @revmap_direct_max_irq: The largest hwirq that can be set for controllers that
 *                         support direct mapping
 * @revmap_size: Size of the linear map table @linear_revmap[]
 * @revmap_tree: Radix map tree for hwirqs that don't fit in the linear map
 * @linear_revmap: Linear table of hwirq->virq reverse mappings
 */
struct irq_domain {
	struct list_head link;
	const char *name;
	const struct irq_domain_ops *ops;
	void *host_data;
	unsigned int flags;

	/* Optional data */
	struct device_node *of_node;
	struct irq_domain_chip_generic *gc;
#ifdef	CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
	struct irq_domain *parent;
#endif

	/* reverse map data. The linear map gets appended to the irq_domain */
	irq_hw_number_t hwirq_max;
	unsigned int revmap_direct_max_irq;
	unsigned int revmap_size;
	struct radix_tree_root revmap_tree;
	unsigned int linear_revmap[];
};

2.4 irq_domain_ops

IRQ domain用于将硬件的中断号，转换成Linux系统中的中断号（virtual irq, virq），来张图：

每个中断控制器都对应一个IRQ Domain；
中断控制器驱动通过irq_domain_add_*()接口来创建IRQ Domain；
IRQ Domain支持三种映射方式：linear map（线性映射），tree map（树映射），no map（不映射）；
1. linear map：维护固定大小的表，索引是硬件中断号，如果硬件中断最大数量固定，并且数值不大，可以选择线性映射；
2. tree map：硬件中断号可能很大，可以选择树映射；
3. no map：硬件中断号直接就是Linux的中断号；

三种映射的方式如下图：

/**
 * struct irq_domain_ops - Methods for irq_domain objects
 * @match: Match an interrupt controller device node to a host, returns
 *         1 on a match
 * @map: Create or update a mapping between a virtual irq number and a hw
 *       irq number. This is called only once for a given mapping.
 * @unmap: Dispose of such a mapping
 * @xlate: Given a device tree node and interrupt specifier, decode
 *         the hardware irq number and linux irq type value.
 *
 * Functions below are provided by the driver and called whenever a new mapping
 * is created or an old mapping is disposed. The driver can then proceed to
 * whatever internal data structures management is required. It also needs
 * to setup the irq_desc when returning from map().
 */
struct irq_domain_ops { irq_desc
    /*********************（树映射）**********************/
	int (*match)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node);    
	int (*map)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq, irq_hw_number_t hw);    /* 创建虚拟中断号与硬件中断号的映射关系 */
	void (*unmap)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq);
	int (*xlate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
		     const u32 *intspec, unsigned int intsize,
		     unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type);    /* 从设备树中获取hwirq 与 irq type */

    /*******************（线性映射）*****************/
#ifdef	CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
	/* extended V2 interfaces to support hierarchy irq_domains */
	int (*alloc)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
		     unsigned int nr_irqs, void *arg);
	void (*free)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
		     unsigned int nr_irqs);
	void (*activate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
	void (*deactivate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
#endif
};