Kubernetes二进制部署

Kubernetes二进制部署

kubernetes部署方式

部署方式：
## 方式1. minikube
Minikube是一个工具，可以在本地快速运行一个单点的Kubernetes，尝试Kubernetes或日常开发的用户使用。不能用于生产环境。
官方地址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/

## 方式2. kubeadm
Kubeadm也是一个工具，提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join，用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。
官方地址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/

## 方式3. 
直接使用epel-release yum源，缺点就是版本较低

## 方式4. 二进制包
从官方下载发行版的二进制包，手动部署每个组件，组成Kubernetes集群。

二进制部署方式

准备

准备三台服务器

172.16.0.11   Kubernets-master
172.16.0.3    Kubernets-node1
172.16.0.13   Kubernets-node2

host解析

## 三台服务器都要操作
vim /etc/hosts
添加如下内同：
172.16.0.11   master
172.16.0.3    node1
172.16.0.13   node2

修改服务器主机名

## 三台服务器都要操作
hostnamectl set-hostname master
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node2

关闭防火墙

## 三台服务器都要操作
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld 
seteforce 0
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforced/SELINUX=disabled/g"  /etc/selinux/config

安装docker

## node节点上安装
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast
yum -y install docker-ce
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

部署Etcd集群

使用cfssl来生成自签证书

## 在master节点上操作 下载cfssl工具：
mkdir /opt/crt
cd /opt/crt
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo

生成Etcd证书

vim ca-config.json

{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

vim ca-csr.json

{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}

vim server-csr.json

{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "172.16.0.11",
    "172.16.0.3",
    "172.16.0.13"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}

生成证书

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
[root@master crt]# ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

安装Etcd

二进制包下载地址：

https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/tag/v3.2.12

https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.12/etcd-v3.2.12-linux-amd64.tar.gz

## 以下部署步骤在规划的三个etcd节点操作一样，唯一不同的是etcd配置文件中的服务器IP要写当前的
## 解压二进制包：
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.12/etcd-v3.2.12-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.2.12-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.2.12-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

## 三个节点创建etcd配置文件：
vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd01"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.0.11:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.0.11:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.0.11:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.0.11:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://172.16.0.11:2380,etcd02=https://172.16.0.3:2380,etcd03=https://172.16.0.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

# ETCD_NAME       //节点名称    修改
# ETCD_DATA_DIR       //数据目录
# ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS	    //集群通信监听地址   修改
# ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS        //客户端访问监听地址   修改
# ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS     //集群通告地址  修改
# ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS    //客户端通告地址     修改
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER     //集群节点地址             修改
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN    //集群Token
# ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE     //加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

systemd管理etcd：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--name=${ETCD_NAME} \
--data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
--listen-peer-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
--listen-client-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
--initial-cluster=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} \
--initial-cluster-token=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

证书拷贝到所有服务器配置文件中的位置

cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl
scp ca*pem server*pem node1:/opt/etcd/ssl
scp ca*pem server*pem node2:/opt/etcd/ssl

启动

systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

检查etcd集群状态

/opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl \
--ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--endpoints="https://172.16.0.11:2379,https://172.16.0.3:2379,https://172.16.0.13:2379" \
cluster-health

member 18218cfabd4e0dea is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.206.240.111:2379
member 541c1c40994c939b is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.206.240.189:2379
member a342ea2798d20705 is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.206.240.188:2379
cluster is healthy

## 如果输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。
## 如果有问题第一步先看日志：/var/log/messages 或 journalctl -xeu etcd

报错：
Jan 15 12:06:55 k8s-master1 etcd: request cluster ID mismatch (got 99f4702593c94f98 want cdf818194e3a8c32)
解决：因为集群搭建过程，单独启动过单一etcd,做为测试验证，集群内第一次启动其他etcd服务时候，是通过发现服务引导的，所以需要删除旧的成员信息，所有节点作以下操作
[root@k8s-master1 default.etcd]# pwd
/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd
[root@k8s-master1 default.etcd]# rm -rf member/

部署Flannel网络

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Falnnel要用etcd存储自身一个子网信息，所以要保证能成功连接Etcd，写入预定义子网段：
[root@localhost ~]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl \
--ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem \
--endpoints="https://172.16.0.11:2379,https://172.16.0.3:2379,https://172.16.0.13:2379" \
set /coreos.com/network/config  '{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'

先要切换到etc认证目录,即/opt/etcd/ssl/

以下部署步骤在规划的每个node节点都操作。
下载二进制包：
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /opt/kubernetes/bin
[root@localhost ~]# mv flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin

配置Flannel：
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@localhost ~]#cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=https://172.16.0.11:2379,https://172.16.0.3:2379,https://172.16.0.13:2379 -etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem -etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

systemd管理Flannel：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq $FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置Docker启动指定子网段：
# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重启flannel和docker：
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start flanneld
# systemctl enable flanneld
# systemctl restart docker

检查是否生效：
# ps -ef |grep docker
root     20941     1  1 Jun28 ?        09:15:34 /usr/bin/dockerd --bip=172.17.34.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450
# ip addr
3607: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/ether 8a:2e:3d:09:dd:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.34.0/32 scope global flannel.1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3608: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP 
    link/ether 02:42:31:8f:d3:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.34.1/24 brd 172.17.34.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:31ff:fe8f:d302/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
       
确保docker0与flannel.1在同一网段。

测试不同节点互通，在当前节点访问另一个Node节点docker0 IP：
# ping 172.17.58.1
PING 172.17.58.1 (172.17.58.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.58.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.263 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.58.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.204 ms
如果能通说明Flannel部署成功。如果不通检查下日志：journalctl -u flannel

生成APIserver证书

在Master节点部署组件

在部署Kubernetes之前一定要确保etcd、flannel、docker是正常工作的，否则先解决问题再继续。

创建证书目录

mkdir apiserver

cd apiserver

创建CA证书

vim ca-config.json
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

vim ca-csr.json
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}


cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

生成apiserver证书

vim server-csr.json
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",   //这个是后边dns要用的虚拟网络的网关,不用改,就用这个 切忌
      "127.0.0.1",
      "172.16.0.11",
      "172.16.0.3",
      "172.16.0.13",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

生成kube-proxy证书

vim kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

最终生成以下证书文件

[root@localhost ~]# ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

##  将这些文件拷贝到/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
cp server.pem  server-key.pem ca.pem ca-key.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

部署apiserver组件

下载二进制包：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.11.md

下载这个包（kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz）就够了，包含了所需的所有组件。
[https://dl.k8s.io/v1.11.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz]

wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.11.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl} -pv
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin

## 如果是多个master则需要把生成的证书拷贝到其余的master
# scp server.pem  server-key.pem ca.pem ca-key.pem k8s-master1:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
# scp server.pem  server-key.pem ca.pem ca-key.pem k8s-master2:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

创建token文件

cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
674c457d4dcf2eefe4920d7dbb6b0ddc,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
第一列：随机字符串，自己可生成
第二列：用户名
第三列：UID
第四列：用户组

创建apiserver配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver 

KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://172.16.0.11:2379,https://172.16.0.3:2379,https://172.16.0.13:2379 \
--bind-address=172.16.0.11 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=172.16.0.11 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

配置好前面生成的证书，确保能连接etcd
参数说明：
* --logtostderr 启用日志
* --v 日志等级
* --etcd-servers etcd集群地址
* --bind-address 监听地址
* --secure-port https安全端口
* --advertise-address 集群通告地址
* --allow-privileged 启用授权
* --service-cluster-ip-range Service虚拟IP地址段    //这里就用这个网段，切忌不要改
* --enable-admission-plugins 准入控制模块
* --authorization-mode 认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
* --enable-bootstrap-token-auth 启用TLS bootstrap功能，后面会讲到
* --token-auth-file token文件
* --service-node-port-range Service Node类型默认分配端口范围

systemd管理apiserver

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

## 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl start kube-apiserver

部署schduler组件

创建schduler配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler 

KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect"


参数说明：
* --master 连接本地apiserver
* --leader-elect 当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

systemd管理schduler组件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

## 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler 
systemctl start kube-scheduler

部署controller-manager组件

创建controller-manager配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager

KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem"

systemd管理controller-manager组件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


## 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl start kube-controller-manager**所有组件都已经启动成功，通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态：**

所有组件都已经启动成功，通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs

NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
controller-manager   Healthy   ok

如上输出说明组件都正常。

在Node节点部署组件
Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet组件想要加入集群，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才能与apiserver通信，当Node节点很多时，签署证书是一件很繁琐的事情，因此有了TLS Bootstrapping机制，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。

----------------------下面这些操作在master节点完成：---------------------------
## 将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

创建kubeconfig文件

## 在生成kubernetes证书的目录下执行以下命令生成kubeconfig文件：
cd /root/apiserver    ##  生成apiserver的目录
## 指定apiserver 内网负载均衡地址
KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.0.11:6443"  #写你master的ip地址，集群中就写负载均衡的ip地址
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=674c457d4dcf2eefe4920d7dbb6b0ddc

设置集群参数

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置客户端认证参数

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置上下文参数

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置默认上下文

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=./ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

[root@master apiserver]# ls
bootstrap.kubeconfig  kube-proxy.kubeconfig

## 将这两个文件拷贝到Node节点/opt/kubernetes/cfg目录下。 !!!!不能忽略

---------------------------------------------------------------下面这些操作在所有node节点完成：---------------------------------------------------------------------------

部署kubelet组件

将前面下载的二进制包中的kubelet和kube-proxy拷贝到/opt/kubernetes/bin目录下。 !!!不能忽略

创建kubelet配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=172.16.0.3 \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"

参数说明：
* --hostname-override 在集群中显示的主机名
* --kubeconfig 指定kubeconfig文件位置，会自动生成
* --bootstrap-kubeconfig 指定刚才生成的bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
* --cert-dir 颁发证书存放位置
* --pod-infra-container-image 管理Pod网络的镜像

kubelet.config配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 10.206.240.112
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS: ["10.0.0.2"]
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true 
  webhook:
    enabled: false

## 注释: clusterDns:  //不要改，就是这个ip

systemd管理kubelet组件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

## 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet

在Master审批Node加入集群

## 启动后还没加入到集群中，需要手动允许该节点才可以。
在Master节点查看请求签名的Node：
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get csr
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl certificate approve XXXXID
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get node

部署kube-proxy组件

---------------------------------------在所有node节点进行------------------------------------------
## 创建kube-proxy配置文件
vim  /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=172.16.0.3 \
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

## 注释: --cluster-cidr //不要改，就是这个ip

systemd管理kube-proxy组件

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

## 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl start kube-proxy

查看集群状态

[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get node
NAME             STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
10.206.240.111   Ready     <none>    28d       v1.11.0
10.206.240.112   Ready     <none>    28d       v1.11.0

[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME                       STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager         Healthy    ok                  
scheduler                  Healthy    ok                  
etcd-2                     Healthy    {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1                     Healthy    {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0                     Healthy    {"health":"true"}

测试

## 创建一个Nginx Web，判断集群是否正常工作：
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=88 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort

## 查看Pod，Service：
[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get pods
NAME                     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-64f497f8fd-69jf9   1/1       Running   0          6m
nginx-64f497f8fd-p2qs5   1/1       Running   0          6m
nginx-64f497f8fd-qjsrz   1/1       Running   0          6m


## 查看pod详细信息：
[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl describe pod nginx-nginx-64f497f8fd-69jf9

[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.0.0.1     <none>        443/TCP        44m
nginx        NodePort    10.0.0.243   <none>        88:35827/TCP   30s

打开浏览器输入：http://172.16.0.3:38696

集群部署成功！

## 创建一个Nginx Web，判断集群是否正常工作：
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3
/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=88 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort

## 查看Pod，Service：
[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get pods
NAME                     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-64f497f8fd-69jf9   1/1       Running   0          6m
nginx-64f497f8fd-p2qs5   1/1       Running   0          6m
nginx-64f497f8fd-qjsrz   1/1       Running   0          6m


## 查看pod详细信息：
[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl describe pod nginx-nginx-64f497f8fd-69jf9

[root@master ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.0.0.1     <none>        443/TCP        44m
nginx        NodePort    10.0.0.243   <none>        88:35827/TCP   30s

打开浏览器输入：http://172.16.0.3:38696

集群部署成功！