JVM调优及常用命令、常用工具

方圆师兄

已于 2022-04-10 15:16:14 修改

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文章标签： java 开发语言后端

于 2021-11-17 15:05:54 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47752736/article/details/121370700

版权

查看java版本

java -version

java 自带命令

jps、jinfo、jstat、jmap、jstack、javac、javap、javah......

java自带工具

jconsole、jvisualvm

javah 生成jni

将UserController.java文件生成Java头文件
进入src/main/java路径下
javah -classpath . -jni com.digua.UserController

使用jps查看本地启动的java程序，以及查看启动的配置命令

[root@/]#jps
653899 jar
664440 Jps
#查看帮助
[root@/]#jps -h
illegal argument: -h
usage: jps [-help]
       jps [-q] [-mlvV] [<hostid>]
Definitions:
    <hostid>:      <hostname>[:<port>]
[root@/]# jps -mlvV
653899 javaApplication.jar --server.port=8081 -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xss256k -XX:+UseParallelOldGC
664616 sun.tools.jps.Jps -mlvV -Denv.class.path=.:/usr/java/jdk/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk/lib/tools.jar -Dapplication.home=/usr/java/jdk -Xms8m

使用jinfo查看使用的各项配置

[root@/]# jinfo  653899
....太长了省略啦，，，，，，虚拟机详细信息

[root@lanbaba /]# jinfo -h
Usage:
    jinfo [option] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jinfo [option] <executable <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jinfo [option] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to remote debug server)
where <option> is one of:
    -flag <name>         to print the value of the named VM flag
    -flag [+|-]<name>    to enable or disable the named VM flag
    -flag <name>=<value> to set the named VM flag to the given value
    -flags               to print VM flags
    -sysprops            to print Java system properties
    <no option>          to print both of the above
    -h | -help           to print this help message

[root@/]# jinfo -flags 653899
Attaching to process ID 653899, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 25.291-b10
Non-default VM flags: -XX:CICompilerCount=2 -XX:InitialHeapSize=268435456 -XX:MaxHeapSize=268435456 -XX:MaxNewSize=89128960 -XX:MinHeapDeltaBytes=524288 -XX:NewSize=89128960 -XX:OldSize=179306496 -XX:ThreadStackSize=256 -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:+UseFastUnorderedTimeStamps -XX:+UseParallelOldGC 
Command line:  -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xss256k -XX:+UseParallelOldGC

使用jstat查看垃圾回收情况

#查看GC回收情况
[root@/]# jstat -gc 653899
 S0C    S1C    S0U    S1U      EC       EU        OC         OU       MC     MU     CCSC     CCSU      YGC     YGCT   FGC     FGCT     GCT   
5632.0 5632.0 1056.0  0.0   75776.0  44086.2   175104.0   73553.5   81752.0 78912.3 10584.0  9993.1     70    0.782   3      0.712    1.494
#查看个垃圾回收的分配空间大小
[root@/]# jstat -gccapacity 653899
 NGCMN    NGCMX     NGC     S0C   S1C       EC      OGCMN      OGCMX       OGC         OC       MCMN     MCMX      MC       CCSMN    CCSMX     CCSC    YGC    FGC 
 87040.0  87040.0  87040.0 5632.0 5632.0  75776.0   175104.0   175104.0   175104.0   175104.0      0.0 1120256.0  81752.0      0.0 1048576.0  10584.0     70     3
 #查看各回收代的空间，和垃圾回收时间次数
[root@/]# jstat -gcutil 653899

[root@/]# jstat -help
Usage: jstat -help|-options
       jstat -<option> [-t] [-h<lines>] <vmid> [<interval> [<count>]]

Definitions:
  <option>      An option reported by the -options option
  <vmid>        Virtual Machine Identifier. A vmid takes the following form:
                     <lvmid>[@<hostname>[:<port>]]
                Where <lvmid> is the local vm identifier for the target
                Java virtual machine, typically a process id; <hostname> is
                the name of the host running the target Java virtual machine;
                and <port> is the port number for the rmiregistry on the
                target host. See the jvmstat documentation for a more complete
                description of the Virtual Machine Identifier.
  <lines>       Number of samples between header lines.
  <interval>    Sampling interval. The following forms are allowed:
                    <n>["ms"|"s"]
                Where <n> is an integer and the suffix specifies the units as 
                milliseconds("ms") or seconds("s"). The default units are "ms".
  <count>       Number of samples to take before terminating.
  -J<flag>      Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system.

使用jmap查看堆栈信息以及dump信息

[root@/]# jmap -heap 653899
Attaching to process ID 653899, please wait...
Debugger attached successfully.
Server compiler detected.
JVM version is 25.291-b10

using thread-local object allocation.
Parallel GC with 1 thread(s)

Heap Configuration:
   MinHeapFreeRatio         = 0
   MaxHeapFreeRatio         = 100
   MaxHeapSize              = 268435456 (256.0MB)
   NewSize                  = 89128960 (85.0MB)
   MaxNewSize               = 89128960 (85.0MB)
   OldSize                  = 179306496 (171.0MB)
   NewRatio                 = 2
   SurvivorRatio            = 8
   MetaspaceSize            = 21807104 (20.796875MB)
   CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 (1024.0MB)
   MaxMetaspaceSize         = 17592186044415 MB
   G1HeapRegionSize         = 0 (0.0MB)

Heap Usage:
PS Young Generation
Eden Space:
   capacity = 77594624 (74.0MB)
   used     = 63667456 (60.718017578125MB)
   free     = 13927168 (13.281982421875MB)
   82.05137510557432% used
From Space:
   capacity = 5767168 (5.5MB)
   used     = 1081344 (1.03125MB)
   free     = 4685824 (4.46875MB)
   18.75% used
To Space:
   capacity = 5767168 (5.5MB)
   used     = 0 (0.0MB)
   free     = 5767168 (5.5MB)
   0.0% used
PS Old Generation
   capacity = 179306496 (171.0MB)
   used     = 75318784 (71.82958984375MB)
   free     = 103987712 (99.17041015625MB)
   42.00560809576023% used

34204 interned Strings occupying 3833760 bytes.

#生产hprof文件，可以用ftp传出再使用JProfile打开
[root@ testproject]# jmap -dump:format=b,file=dddd.hprof 653899
Dumping heap to /home/testproject/dddd.hprof ...
Heap dump file created

在这里插入图片描述
使用jstack查看死锁情况

[root@ testproject]# jstack -h
Usage:
    jstack [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jstack -F [-m] [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to a hung process)
    jstack [-m] [-l] <executable> <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jstack [-m] [-l] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to a remote debug server)
Options:
    -F  to force a thread dump. Use when jstack <pid> does not respond (process is hung)
    -m  to print both java and native frames (mixed mode)
    -l  long listing. Prints additional information about locks
    -h or -help to print this help message
    
[root@ testproject]# jstack -l 653899
2021-11-17 15:19:17
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.291-b10 mixed mode):

"Attach Listener" #38 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f3008052000 nid=0xa2675 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

   Locked ownable synchronizers:
	- None
"DestroyJavaVM" #37 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f303400a800 nid=0x9fa4c waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
   Locked ownable synchronizers:
	- None

"http-nio-8081-Acceptor-0" #35 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f3035814800 nid=0x9fab8 runnable [0x00007f300671b000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
	at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.accept0(Native Method)
	at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.accept(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:424)
	at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.accept(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:252)
	- locked <0x00000000fc3e4f60> (a java.lang.Object)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.serverSocketAccept(NioEndpoint.java:448)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.serverSocketAccept(NioEndpoint.java:70)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.Acceptor.run(Acceptor.java:95)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

   Locked ownable synchronizers:
	- None

查看逻辑cup以及物理cpu数量

lscpu

查看cpu使用情况

top -p PID

然后再根据实际项目的情况进行调优，例如选择合适的垃圾回收器或者调整合适比例的年轻代老年代大小等等。

常见垃圾回收器
串行回收器：Serial（新生代）、Serial Old（老年代）
并行回收器：ParNew（新生代）、Parallel Scavenge（新生代）、Parallel Old（老年代）
并发回收器：CMS（老年代）、G1（整合型）

垃圾回收命令	垃圾回收器
-XX:+UseSerialGC	Serial（新生代）、Serial Old（老年代）
-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC	ParNew（新生代）、CMS（老年代）
-XX:+UseParallelGC	Parallel Scavenge（新生代）、Serial Old（老年代）
-XX:+UseParallelOldGC	Parallel Scavenge（新生代）、Parallel Old（老年代）
-XX:+UseG1GC	G1（整合型）

最常用的 -X命令及-XX命令	解析
-Xms	初始堆大小物理内存的1/64
-Xmx	最大堆大小物理内存的1/4
-Xmn	年轻代大小
-Xss	每个线程的堆栈大小 JDK5.0以后每个线程堆栈大小为1M,以前每个线程堆栈大小为256K
-XX:+DisableExplicitGC	关闭System.gc()
-XX:+PrintGC	打印GC信息
-XX:+PrintGCDetails	打印GC详细信息
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError	当首次遭遇OOM时导出此时堆中相关信息
-XX:+HeapDumpPath=/home/abc.hprof	dump文件指定位置
-XX:ErrorFile=./hs_err_pid.log	保存错误信息