WSL2+miniconda(linux)+tensorflow+pycharm(windows)配置流程

1. 简介

WSL（windows subsystem for linux）可用于在 Windows 计算机上运行 Linux 环境，而无需单独的虚拟机或双引导。 WSL 旨在为希望同时使用 Windows 和 Linux 的开发人员提供无缝高效的体验。通过反复尝试各种论坛和官网的配置教程，总结了一套对本人来说最简单有效的办法，无需繁冗且有风险地configure from root。
前提：

1. 主系统windows10/11专业版
2. 能够使用cuda的Nvidia显卡
3. 主系统上已经安装好了N卡驱动（下个GeForce吧）

2. 配置

2.1 安装wsl

1. 以管理员运行windows powershell,分别输入：

wsl --list --online		#联网查看可供安装的wsl distro
wsl --install -d Ubuntu-20.04		#选择安装<Ubuntu-20.04>，可替换成你想安装的distro

2. 等待安装完成，完成后需要注册wsl用户名和密码，注册后自动激活。以下操作可选（optional）:
   ctrl+D退出子系统。继续在powershell中输入：

wsl -l -v		#查看系统目前的wsl distro（可以看到刚刚安装的Ubuntu）
wsl --setdefault Ubuntu-20.04		 #设置默认distro，当你再次输入wsl时为你自动进入Ubuntu-20.04
wsl		#再次进入Ubuntu

3. （optional）在应用商店下载windows terminal辅助管理多个console。

2.2 安装miniconda

如果你windows上已经安装好了Nvidia驱动，linux上无需再安装任何驱动，可以通过nvidia-smi验证。

1. 进入miniconda官网， 选择Linux64-Bit (x86) Installer (1007.9M)，下载到c/Users/Administrator/Downloads
2. powershell中输入wsl或者wsl -d <distro_name>激活Ubuntu，输入cd ./Downloads，和ls查看刚刚下载的文件，我的是Anaconda3-2024.06-1-Linux-x86_64.sh。继续输入：

bash Anaconda3-2024.06-1-Linux-x86_64.sh -b -u -p ~/miniconda

3. 完成安装。

2.3 新建虚拟环境

以下熟悉anaconda的同学就不多做介绍了，我安装的都是最新版本。

conda create -n python3.9 python==3.9
conda activate python3.9
conda install cudatoolkit cudnn tensorflow[and-gpu]

验证：输入python

import tensorflow as tf
tf.test.is_gpu_available()
#或者
tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')

我的输出：

[GCC 11.2.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
2024-09-09 23:44:05.265418: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_fft.cc:485] Unable to register cuFFT factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuFFT when one has already been registered
2024-09-09 23:44:05.317943: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_dnn.cc:8454] Unable to register cuDNN factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuDNN when one has already been registered
2024-09-09 23:44:05.332891: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_blas.cc:1452] Unable to register cuBLAS factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuBLAS when one has already been registered
2024-09-09 23:44:05.431682: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:210] This TensorFlow binary is optimized to use available CPU instructions in performance-critical operations.
To enable the following instructions: AVX2 FMA, in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.
2024-09-09 23:44:06.234037: W tensorflow/compiler/tf2tensorrt/utils/py_utils.cc:38] TF-TRT Warning: Could not find TensorRT
>>> tf.test.is_gpu_available()
WARNING:tensorflow:From <stdin>:1: is_gpu_available (from tensorflow.python.framework.test_util) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use `tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')` instead.
WARNING: All log messages before absl::InitializeLog() is called are written to STDERR
I0000 00:00:1725896789.881820    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896789.999519    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896789.999730    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896790.106736    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896790.106951    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
2024-09-09 23:46:30.106977: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:2112] Could not identify NUMA node of platform GPU id 0, defaulting to 0.  Your kernel may not have been built with NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896790.107247    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
2024-09-09 23:46:30.107619: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:2021] Created device /device:GPU:0 with 21458 MB memory:  -> device: 0, name: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090, pci bus id: 0000:01:00.0, compute capability: 8.9
True
>>> tf.config.list_physical_devices('GPU')
I0000 00:00:1725896796.844958    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896796.845343    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1725896796.845537    1035 cuda_executor.cc:1001] could not open file to read NUMA node: /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/numa_node
Your kernel may have been built without NUMA support.
[PhysicalDevice(name='/physical_device:GPU:0', device_type='GPU')]

2.3为pycharm链接wsl解释器

1. 打开pycharm专业版
2. 添加python解释器 ,左侧选择WSL，pycharm能自动识别到Ubuntu，解释器路径选择/home/<usr>/miniconda/envs/python3.9/bin/python3,将<usr>替换成你的Ubuntu用户名。如下图
   
   点击确定，pycharm会自动创建本地项目到linux的路径映射，你在windows上的数据读写可以无缝同步到wsl虚拟存储中。如此就能够在windows本地编辑并运行linux项目。

3. 总结

本方法不同于网上的其他攻略，无需从root配置wsl的cuda和compiler等等（本人尝试了大量版本都以失败告终），而是直接通过conda实现一站式配置，目前只尝试了所有packages的最新版本，欢迎评论分享其他可行的cudatoolkit+cudnn+tensorflow的版本组合。