OpenCV Day1
图像基本操作
环境配置地址:
Anaconda:https://www.anaconda.com/download/ -Python_whl:https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#opencv eclipse:按照自己的喜好,选择一个能debug就好
数据读取-图像
cv2.IMREAD_COLOR:彩色图像 cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE:灰度图像
import cv2
import matplotlib. pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
% matplotlib inline
img= cv2. imread( 'cat.jpg' )
img
array([[[142, 151, 160],
[146, 155, 164],
[151, 160, 169],
...,
[156, 172, 185],
[155, 171, 184],
[154, 170, 183]],
[[107, 118, 126],
[112, 123, 131],
[117, 128, 136],
...,
[155, 171, 184],
[154, 170, 183],
[153, 169, 182]],
[[108, 119, 127],
[112, 123, 131],
[118, 129, 137],
...,
[154, 170, 183],
[153, 169, 182],
[152, 168, 181]],
...,
[[162, 186, 198],
[157, 181, 193],
[142, 166, 178],
...,
[181, 204, 206],
[170, 193, 195],
[149, 172, 174]],
[[140, 164, 176],
[147, 171, 183],
[139, 163, 175],
...,
[167, 187, 188],
[123, 143, 144],
[104, 124, 125]],
[[154, 178, 190],
[154, 178, 190],
[121, 145, 157],
...,
[185, 198, 200],
[130, 143, 145],
[129, 142, 144]]], dtype=uint8)
cv2. imshow( 'image' , img)
cv2. waitKey( 0 )
cv2. destroyAllWindows( )
def cv_show ( name, img) :
cv2. imshow( name, img)
cv2. waitKey( 0 )
cv2. destroyAllWindows( )
img. shape
(414, 500, 3)
img= cv2. imread( 'cat.jpg' , cv2. IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
img
array([[153, 157, 162, ..., 174, 173, 172],
[119, 124, 129, ..., 173, 172, 171],
[120, 124, 130, ..., 172, 171, 170],
...,
[187, 182, 167, ..., 202, 191, 170],
[165, 172, 164, ..., 185, 141, 122],
[179, 179, 146, ..., 197, 142, 141]], dtype=uint8)
img. shape
(414, 500)
cv2. imshow( 'image' , img)
cv2. waitKey( 10000 )
cv2. destroyAllWindows( )
cv2. imwrite( 'mycat.png' , img)
True
type ( img)
numpy.ndarray
img. size
207000
img. dtype
dtype('uint8')
数据读取-视频
cv2.VideoCapture可以捕获摄像头,用数字来控制不同的设备,例如0,1。 如果是视频文件,直接指定好路径即可。
vc = cv2. VideoCapture( 'test.mp4' )
if vc. isOpened( ) :
oepn, frame = vc. read( )
else :
open = False
while open :
ret, frame = vc. read( )
if frame is None :
break
if ret == True :
gray = cv2. cvtColor( frame, cv2. COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2. imshow( 'result' , gray)
if cv2. waitKey( 100 ) & 0xFF == 27 :
break
vc. release( )
cv2. destroyAllWindows( )
截取部分图像数据
img= cv2. imread( 'cat.jpg' )
cat= img[ 0 : 50 , 0 : 200 ]
cv_show( 'cat' , cat)
颜色通道提取
b, g, r= cv2. split( img)
r
array([[160, 164, 170, ..., 185, 184, 183],
[126, 131, 137, ..., 184, 183, 182],
[127, 131, 138, ..., 183, 182, 181],
...,
[198, 193, 178, ..., 206, 195, 174],
[176, 183, 175, ..., 188, 144, 125],
[190, 190, 157, ..., 200, 145, 144]], dtype=uint8)
r. shape
(414, 500)
img= cv2. merge( ( b, g, r) )
img. shape
(414, 500, 3)
cur_img = img. copy( )
cur_img[ : , : , 0 ] = 0
cur_img[ : , : , 1 ] = 0
cv_show( 'R' , cur_img)
cur_img = img. copy( )
cur_img[ : , : , 0 ] = 0
cur_img[ : , : , 2 ] = 0
cv_show( 'G' , cur_img)
cur_img = img. copy( )
cur_img[ : , : , 1 ] = 0
cur_img[ : , : , 2 ] = 0
cv_show( 'B' , cur_img)
边界填充
top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size = ( 50 , 50 , 50 , 50 )
replicate = cv2. copyMakeBorder( img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, borderType= cv2. BORDER_REPLICATE)
reflect = cv2. copyMakeBorder( img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2. BORDER_REFLECT)
reflect101 = cv2. copyMakeBorder( img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2. BORDER_REFLECT_101)
wrap = cv2. copyMakeBorder( img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2. BORDER_WRAP)
constant = cv2. copyMakeBorder( img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2. BORDER_CONSTANT, value= 0 )
import matplotlib. pyplot as plt
plt. subplot( 231 ) , plt. imshow( img, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'ORIGINAL' )
plt. subplot( 232 ) , plt. imshow( replicate, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'REPLICATE' )
plt. subplot( 233 ) , plt. imshow( reflect, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'REFLECT' )
plt. subplot( 234 ) , plt. imshow( reflect101, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'REFLECT_101' )
plt. subplot( 235 ) , plt. imshow( wrap, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'WRAP' )
plt. subplot( 236 ) , plt. imshow( constant, 'gray' ) , plt. title( 'CONSTANT' )
plt. show( )
BORDER_REPLICATE:复制法,也就是复制最边缘像素。 BORDER_REFLECT:反射法,对感兴趣的图像中的像素在两边进行复制例如:fedcba|abcdefgh|hgfedcb BORDER_REFLECT_101:反射法,也就是以最边缘像素为轴,对称,gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba BORDER_WRAP:外包装法cdefgh|abcdefgh|abcdefg BORDER_CONSTANT:常量法,常数值填充。
数值计算
img_cat= cv2. imread( 'cat.jpg' )
img_dog= cv2. imread( 'dog.jpg' )
img_cat2= img_cat + 10
img_cat[ : 5 , : , 0 ]
array([[142, 146, 151, ..., 156, 155, 154],
[108, 112, 118, ..., 155, 154, 153],
[108, 110, 118, ..., 156, 155, 154],
[139, 141, 148, ..., 156, 155, 154],
[153, 156, 163, ..., 160, 159, 158]], dtype=uint8)
img_cat2[ : 5 , : , 0 ]
array([[152, 156, 161, ..., 166, 165, 164],
[118, 122, 128, ..., 165, 164, 163],
[118, 120, 128, ..., 166, 165, 164],
[149, 151, 158, ..., 166, 165, 164],
[163, 166, 173, ..., 170, 169, 168]], dtype=uint8)
( img_cat + img_cat2) [ : 5 , : , 0 ]
array([[ 38, 46, 56, ..., 66, 64, 62],
[226, 234, 246, ..., 64, 62, 60],
[226, 230, 246, ..., 66, 64, 62],
[ 32, 36, 50, ..., 66, 64, 62],
[ 60, 66, 80, ..., 74, 72, 70]], dtype=uint8)
cv2. add( img_cat, img_cat2) [ : 5 , : , 0 ]
array([[255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255],
[226, 234, 246, ..., 255, 255, 255],
[226, 230, 246, ..., 255, 255, 255],
[255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255],
[255, 255, 255, ..., 255, 255, 255]], dtype=uint8)
图像融合
img_cat + img_dog
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [33], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 img_cat + img_dog
ValueError: operands could not be broadcast together with shapes (414,500,3) (429,499,3)
img_cat. shape
(414, 500, 3)
img_dog = cv2. resize( img_dog, ( 500 , 414 ) )
img_dog. shape
(414, 500, 3)
res = cv2. addWeighted( img_cat, 0.4 , img_dog, 0.6 , 0 )
plt. imshow( res)
res = cv2. resize( img, ( 0 , 0 ) , fx= 4 , fy= 4 )
plt. imshow( res)
res = cv2. resize( img, ( 0 , 0 ) , fx= 1 , fy= 3 )
plt. imshow( res)
[本文ipynb资源](https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_48144018/85391339)