利用dsolve指令可以很方便的求解常微分方程的通解和满足给定条件的特解,但必须注意在建立方程y',y'',y''',...时,应分别输入Dy,D2y,D3y...,且一般需要指明变量。
1.求解微分方程通解
y = dsolve('2*D2y+Dy-y=2*exp(x)','x')
y =
exp(x) + C3*exp(-x) + C4*exp(x/2)
2.求初值问题的解
dequ = 'x^2*exp(2*y)*Dy = x^3 + 1'
dequ =
'x^2*exp(2*y)*Dy = x^3 + 1'
>> y = dsolve(dequ,'y(1)=0','x')
y =
log(x^2 - 2/x + 2)/2
>> pretty(y)
/ 2 2 \
log| x - - + 2 |
\ x /
-----------------
2