Windows和类Unix系统中的文件传输服务之SAMBA

一、samba介绍

• SMB（Server Message Block）协议实现文件共享，也称为CIFS（Common Internet File System ）

• 是Windows和类Unix系统之间共享文件的一种协议

• 客户端主要是Windows；支持多节点同时挂载以及并发写入

• 主要用于windows和Linux下的文件共享、打印共享

• 实现匿名与本地用户文件共享

samba进程

• smbd进程 控制发布共享目录与权限、负责文件传输 TCP 139 445
• nmbd进程 用于名称解析 netbios UDP 137 138 ;基于NETBIOS协议获得计算机名称——>解析为相应IP地址，实现信息通讯

二、环境搭建
① 服务器端软件安装：yum -y install samba

② 创建共享目录

[root@sambaserver ~]# mkdir -p /samba/share

③修改配置文件修改配置文件

[smbshare]
        comment = samba share
        path = /samba/share
        guest ok = no
        writable = yes

④ 创建本地用户

创建本地用户
[root@sambaserver ~]# useradd user01
[root@sambaserver ~]# echo 123 | passwd --stdin user01
更改用户 user01 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。

基于本地用户创建smb用户
[root@sambaserver ~]# smbpasswd -a user01
New SMB password: 000
Retype new SMB password: 000
Added user user01.

验证用户是否添加成功
[root@sambaserver ~]# pdbedit -L
user01:1004:

⑤将samba设置为开机自启动

[root@sambaserver ~]# systemctl enable nmb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service.
[root@sambaserver ~]# systemctl enable smb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
[root@sambaserver ~]# systemctl start nmb
[root@sambaserver ~]# systemctl start smb

**

samba客户端部署

**
一、查询软件是否安装

安装smb客户端
查看
[root@sambaclient ~]# rpm -qa | grep samba
samba-common-4.8.3-4.el7.noarch
samba-common-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-client-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-client-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
如果没有的话，需要安装
[root@sambaclient ~]# yum -y install samba-client

二、查看samba共享资源

[root@sambaclient ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.216.201 -U user01
Enter SAMBA\user01's password:

        Sharename       Type      Comment
        ---------       ----      -------
        print$          Disk      Printer Drivers
        smbshare        Disk      samba share
        IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 4.9.1)
        user01          Disk      Home Directories
Reconnecting with SMB1 for workgroup listing.

        Server               Comment
        ---------            -------

        Workgroup            Master
        ---------            -------
        SAMBA                SAMBASERVER

三、访问共享目录

[root@sambaclient ~]# smbclient //192.168.216.201/smbshare -U user01
Enter SAMBA\user01's password:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ?
?              allinfo        altname        archive        backup
blocksize      cancel         case_sensitive cd             chmod
chown          close          del            deltree        dir
du             echo           exit           get            getfacl
geteas         hardlink       help           history        iosize
lcd            link           lock           lowercase      ls
l              mask           md             mget           mkdir
more           mput           newer          notify         open
posix          posix_encrypt  posix_open     posix_mkdir    posix_rmdir
posix_unlink   posix_whoami   print          prompt         put
pwd            q              queue          quit           readlink
rd             recurse        reget          rename         reput
rm             rmdir          showacls       setea          setmode
scopy          stat           symlink        tar            tarmode
timeout        translate      unlock         volume         vuid
wdel           logon          listconnect    showconnect    tcon
tdis           tid            utimes         logoff         ..
!



查看
smb: \> ls
  .                                   D        0  Tue Mar 24 17:54:15 2020
  ..                                  D        0  Tue Mar 24 17:33:10 2020
  smb.txt                             N        0  Tue Mar 24 17:54:15 2020

                52403200 blocks of size 1024. 46216656 blocks available
                
 下载               
smb: \> get smb.txt
getting file \smb.txt of size 0 as smb.txt (0.0 KiloBytes/sec) (average 0.0 KiloBytes/sec) 
smb: \> exit

  
上传
smb: \> put nextgo.txt
NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED opening remote file \nextgo.txt
smb: \> put nextgo.txt
putting file nextgo.txt as \nextgo.txt (2.5 kb/s) (average 2.5 kb/s)
smb: \> ls
  .                                   D        0  Tue Mar 24 17:57:47 2020
  ..                                  D        0  Tue Mar 24 17:33:10 2020
  smb.txt                             N        0  Tue Mar 24 17:54:15 2020
  nextgo.txt                          A       13  Tue Mar 24 17:57:47 2020

                52403200 blocks of size 1024. 46216632 blocks availables

到此samba服务搭建完成。