多对一的处理

1、环境搭建

1.1、数据库中创建Teacher表和Student 表，并插入内容

CREATE TABLE `teacher`(
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
) ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`,`name`) VALUES('1','秦老师');

CREATE TABLE `student`(
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`)REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO `student` (`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES('1','小明','1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES('2','小红','1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES('3','小张','1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES('4','小李','1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES('5','小王','1');

1,2、创建实体类Teacher、Student

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    //学生需要关联老师
    private Teacher teacher;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, Teacher teacher) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", teacher=" + teacher +
                '}';
    }
}

public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(int id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

1.3、建立Mapper接口

public interface StudentMapper {
}

public interface TeacherMapper {  //里面的内容是用于测试的
    @Select("select * from teacher where id =#{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}

1.4、建立Mapper.xml文件   （创建空文件，然后把mybatis.xml中的内容复制过去，删掉多余内容，修改两个地方就行）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper">

</mapper>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>

1.5、在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件

<mappers>
    <mapper class="com.kuang.dao.TeacherMapper"/>
    <mapper class="com.kuang.dao.StudentMapper"/>
</mappers>

1.6、测试查询是否能够成功

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);

        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

2、多对1的处理

 2.1按照查询嵌套处理

<!--
思路
1、查询所有的学生信息
2、根据查询出来的学生的tid寻找对应的老师

-->
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
         select * from student;
    </select>
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
         <!--复杂的属性需要单独处理
             对象：association
            集合：collection
          -->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>

     </resultMap>

    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>

2.2按照结果嵌套查询

<!--按照结果嵌套处理-->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
        select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname from student s,teacher t where s.tid = t.id;
    </select>
    
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>

3、一对多

1、按照结果嵌套处理

<!--按结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
       select s.id sid, s.name sname,t.name tname,t.id tid
       from student s,teacher t
       where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
    <!--复杂的属性，我们需要单独处理 对象：association 集合：collection
        javaType=""指定属性的类型
       集合中的泛型信息，我们使用ofType获取
    -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
            <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

2、按照查询嵌套处理

<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
    select *from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
    <!--复杂的属性需要单独处理
        对象：association
       集合：collection
     -->
    <collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
</resultMap>

<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
    select * from mybatis.student where tid =#{tid}
</select>

小结

1、关联-association【多对一】

2、集合-collection  【一对多】

3、javaType      ofType

  javaType用来指定实体类中属性的类型（例：private List<Student> students;  类型就是ArrayList)

ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的pojo类型，泛型中的约束类型！（例private List<Student> students; 就是Student）

注意点：1、保证SQL 的可读性，尽量保证通俗易懂

              2、注意一对多和多对一中，属性名和字段的问题

              3、如果问题不好排查错误，可以使用日志，建议使用Log4j