图片验证码及使用django-redis缓存

一、django缓存设置

1、安装django缓存模块

pip install django-redis==4.12.1

2、settings.py中配置缓存

# 缓存配置
CACHES = {
	 # django存缓默认位置,redis 0号库
	 # default: 连接名称
	 "default": {
	 "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
	 "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
	 "OPTIONS": {
	 "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
	 }
	 },
	 # django session存 reidis 1 号库（现在基本不需要使⽤）
	 "session": {
	 "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
	 "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1",
	 "OPTIONS": {
	 "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
	 }
	 },
	 # 图形验证码，存redis 2号库
	 "img_code": {
	 "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
	 "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2",
	 "OPTIONS": {
	 "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
	 }
	 }
}
# 配置session使⽤redis存储
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
# 配置session存储的位置: 使⽤cache中的
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"

二、新建应⽤verifications

• 图形验证码
• 短信验证码
• 邮件验证

'''2.1 在apps⽂件夹下新建应⽤： verifications'''
python ../manage.py startapp verifications # 切换到apps⽂件夹下执⾏创建命令

'''2.2 在syl/settings.py中添加应⽤'''
INSTALLED_APPS = [
 	'verifications.apps.VerificationsConfig',
]

'''2.3 在syl/urls.py主路由中添加'''
path('verify/', include('verifications.urls'))

'''2.4 添加⼦路由： verifications/urls.py'''
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
 	# path('image_codes/', views.ImageCodeView.as_view())
]

三、图形验证码

1、使用第三方包captcha

1.下载captcha压缩包captcha.zip，放到项⽬packages⽂件夹下
2.解压captcha.zip放到syl/libs⽂件夹下
3.解压⽂件中的syl/libs/captcha/captcha.py 右键运⾏即可⽣成图⽚验证码unzip xxx.zip

2、在verifications/views.py中使⽤

from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseForbidden
from django.views import View
from django_redis import get_redis_connection
from libs.captcha.captcha import captcha
class ImageCodeView(View):
	 def get(self, request):
		 # 1.接收数据(uuid)
		 uuid = request.GET.get('uuid')
		 # 2.校验数据
		 if not uuid:
		 return HttpResponseForbidden('uuid⽆效')
		 # 3.处理业务
		 # 获取图⽚⽂本内容和图⽚⼆进制代码
		 text, image = captcha.generate_captcha() # text=GPMZ; image=图⽚
		 # 4.把uuid和图⽚⽂本存⼊redis
		 redis_client = get_redis_connection('img_code') # 获取redis客户端
		
		 # 5.写⼊redis(是字符串)
		 redis_client.setex(uuid, 60 * 5, text)
		 # 6.返回响应图⽚
		 return HttpResponse(image, content_type='image/jpg')

3、接口测试

http://127.0.0.1:8000/verify/image_codes/?uuid=9b4381ed-06da-4ff6-ab56-56fbcbec5ef2