基于bs4库的HTML格式化和编码

叶.Y

已于 2023-12-26 15:22:40 修改

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分类专栏：爬虫文章标签： python 爬虫 beautifulsoup

于 2023-12-26 15:22:06 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49335800/article/details/135222592

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格式化

prettify能够为html文本的标签以及内容增加换行符，也可以对每一个标签来做相关处理

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get("http://python123.io/ws/demo.html")
>>> demo = r.text
>>> demo
'<html><head><title>This is a python demo page</title></head>\r\n<body>\r\n<p class="title"><b>The demo python introduces several python courses.</b></p>\r\n<p class="course">Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:\r\n<a href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" class="py1" id="link1">Basic Python</a> and <a href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" class="py2" id="link2">Advanced Python</a>.</p>\r\n</body></html>'
>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(demo, 'html.parser')
>>> soup.prettify()
'<html>\n <head>\n  <title>\n   This is a python demo page\n  </title>\n </head>\n <body>\n  <p class="title">\n   <b>\n    The demo python introduces several python courses.\n   </b>\n  </p>\n  <p class="course">\n   Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:\n   <a class="py1" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" id="link1">\n    Basic Python\n   </a>\n   and\n   <a class="py2" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" id="link2">\n    Advanced Python\n   </a>\n   .\n  </p>\n </body>\n</html>\n'
>>> print(soup.prettify())
<html>
 <head>
  <title>
   This is a python demo page
  </title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p class="title">
   <b>
    The demo python introduces several python courses.
   </b>
  </p>
  <p class="course">
   Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:
   <a class="py1" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" id="link1">
    Basic Python
   </a>
   and
   <a class="py2" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" id="link2">
    Advanced Python>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get("http://python123.io/ws/demo.html")
>>> demo = r.text
>>> demo
'<html><head><title>This is a python demo page</title></head>\r\n<body>\r\n<p class="title"><b>The demo python introduces several python courses.</b></p>\r\n<p class="course">Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:\r\n<a href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" class="py1" id="link1">Basic Python</a> and <a href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" class="py2" id="link2">Advanced Python</a>.</p>\r\n</body></html>'
>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(demo, 'html.parser')
>>> soup.prettify()
'<html>\n <head>\n  <title>\n   This is a python demo page\n  </title>\n </head>\n <body>\n  <p class="title">\n   <b>\n    The demo python introduces several python courses.\n   </b>\n  </p>\n  <p class="course">\n   Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:\n   <a class="py1" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" id="link1">\n    Basic Python\n   </a>\n   and\n   <a class="py2" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" id="link2">\n    Advanced Python\n   </a>\n   .\n  </p>\n </body>\n</html>\n'
>>> print(soup.prettify())
<html>
 <head>
  <title>
   This is a python demo page
  </title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p class="title">
   <b>
    The demo python introduces several python courses.
   </b>
  </p>
  <p class="course">
   Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:
   <a class="py1" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" id="link1">
    Basic Python
   </a>
   and
   <a class="py2" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-1001870001" id="link2">
    Advanced Python
   </a>
   .
  </p>
 </body>
</html>

# 对soup当中的a标签做prettify处理
>>> print(soup.a.prettify())
<a class="py1" href="http://www.icourse163.org/course/BIT-268001" id="link1">
 Basic Python
</a>

>>> 
   </a>
   .
  </p>
 </body>
</html>

编码

bs4库将任何读入的html文件或字符串都转换成了UTF8编码，UTF8编码是一种国际通用的标准编码格式，能很好的支持中文等第三国的语言；由于python3.X系列默认的编码是UTF8，因此在使用bs库时没有任何障碍；python2.X系列需要做转换

>>> soup = BeautifulSoup('<p>中文</p>', 'html.parser')
>>> soup.p.string
'中文'
>>> print(soup.p.prettify())
<p>
 中文
</p>

>>>

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基于bs4库的HTML格式化和编码

html文本的标签以及内容增加换行符。将任何读入的html文件或字符串都。，因此在使用bs库时没有任何障碍；转换成了UTF8编码。
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基于bs4库的HTML格式化和编码

格式化

编码

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