建造者模式
建筑者模式是将一个复杂对象的构建过程与它的表示分离,使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示,属于创建型模式。
建造者模式的设计主要有四个角色:
1,产品:要创建的产品类对象
2.建造者抽象:建造者的抽象类,规范产品对象的各个组成部分的建造,一般由子类实现具体的建造过程。
3.建造者:具体的builder类,根据不同的业务逻辑,具体化对象的各个组成部分的创建。
4调用者:调用具体的建造者,来创建对象的各个部分,在指导中不涉及具体产品的信息,只负责保证对象各部分完整创建或按某中顺序创建。
建造者模式适用于一个具有较多的零件的复杂产品的创建过程,由于需要的变化,组成这个复杂产品的各个零件经常猛烈变化,但是它们的组成方式却相对稳定。
场景:1.相同的方法,不同的执行顺序。产生不同的结果时
2。多个部件或零件,都可以装配到一个对象中,但是产生的结果又不相同。
3.产品类非常复杂,或者产品类中的调用顺序不同产生不同作用
4.当初始化对象特别复杂,参数多,而且很多参数都是具有默认值时。
@Data
public class Course {
private String name;
private String ppt;
private String video;
private String note;
private String homework;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CourseBuilder{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", ppt='" + ppt + '\'' +
", video='" + video + '\'' +
", note='" + note + '\'' +
", homework='" + homework + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
public class CourseBuilder{
private Course course = new Course();
public void addName(String name) {
course.setName(name);
}
public void addPPT(String ppt) {
course.setPpt(ppt);
}
public void addVideo(String video) {
course.setVideo(video);
}
public void addNote(String note) {
course.setNote(note);
}
public void addHomework(String homework) {
course.setHomework(homework);
}
public Course build() {
return course;
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CourseBuilder builder = new CourseBuilder();
builder.addName("设计模式");
builder.addPPT("【PPT课件】");
builder.addVideo("【回放视频】");
builder.addNote("【课堂笔记】");
builder.addHomework("【课后作业】");
System.out.println(builder.build());
}
}
建造者模式通常是采用链式编程的方式构造对象,下面我们演示代码,修改CourseBuilder类,将Course变为CourseBuilder的内部类:
public class CourseBuilder {
private Course course = new Course();
public CourseBuilder addName(String name) {
course.setName(name);
return this;
}
public CourseBuilder addPPT(String ppt) {
course.setPpt(ppt);
return this;
}
public CourseBuilder addVideo(String video) {
course.setVideo(video);
return this;
}
public CourseBuilder addNote(String note) {
course.setNote(note);
return this;
}
public CourseBuilder addHomework(String homework) {
course.setHomework(homework);
return this;
}
public Course build() {
return this.course;
}
@Data
public class Course {
private String name;
private String ppt;
private String video;
private String note;
private String homework;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CourseBuilder{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", ppt='" + ppt + '\'' +
", video='" + video + '\'' +
", note='" + note + '\'' +
", homework='" + homework + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CourseBuilder builder = new CourseBuilder()
.addName("设计模式")
.addPPT("【PPT课件】")
.addVideo("【回放视频】")
.addNote("【课堂笔记】")
.addHomework("【课后作业】");
System.out.println(builder.build());
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("");
CacheBuilder cacheBuilder = new CacheBuilder("");
cacheBuilder.blocking(false);
// cacheBuilder.
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
// sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBuilder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition();
// beanDefinitionBuilder.
}
}
建造者模式应用案例
下面我们再来看一个实战案例,这个案例参考了开源框架JPA的sql构造模式。是否还记得我们再构造sql查询条件的时候,需要根据不同的条件来拼接sql字符串。如果查询条件复杂的时候,我们sql拼接的过程也会变得非常复杂,从而给我们的代码维护带来非常大的困难。因此,我们用建造者QueryRuleSqlBuilder将复杂的构造sql过程进行封装,用QuerRule对象专门保存sql查询时的条件,根据查询条件,自己生成sql语句。
public final class QueryRule implements Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final int ASC_ORDER = 101;
public static final int DESC_ORDER = 102;
public static final int LIKE = 1;
public static final int IN = 2;
public static final int NOTIN = 3;
public static final int BETWEEN = 4;
public static final int EQ = 5;
public static final int NOTEQ = 6;
public static final int GT = 7;
public static final int GE = 8;
public static final int LT = 9;
public static final int LE = 10;
public static final int ISNULL = 11;
public static final int ISNOTNULL = 12;
public static final int ISEMPTY = 13;
public static final int ISNOTEMPTY = 14;
public static final int AND = 201;
public static final int OR = 202;
private List<Rule> ruleList = new ArrayList<Rule>();
private List<QueryRule> queryRuleList = new ArrayList<QueryRule>();
private String propertyName;
private QueryRule() {}
private QueryRule(String propertyName) {
this.propertyName = propertyName;
}
public static QueryRule getInstance() {
return new QueryRule();
}
/**
* 添加升序规则
* @param propertyName
* @return
*/
public QueryRule addAscOrder(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ASC_ORDER, propertyName));
return this;
}
/**
* 添加降序规则
* @param propertyName
* @return
*/
public QueryRule addDescOrder(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(DESC_ORDER, propertyName));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIsNull(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNULL, propertyName).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIsNotNull(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNOTNULL, propertyName).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIsEmpty(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISEMPTY, propertyName).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIsNotEmpty(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNOTEMPTY, propertyName).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andLike(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LIKE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(EQ, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andBetween(String propertyName, Object... values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(BETWEEN, propertyName, values).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIn(String propertyName, List<Object> values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(IN, propertyName, new Object[] { values }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andIn(String propertyName, Object... values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(IN, propertyName, values).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andNotIn(String propertyName, List<Object> values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(NOTIN, propertyName, new Object[] { values }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orNotIn(String propertyName, Object... values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(NOTIN, propertyName, values).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andNotEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(NOTEQ, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andGreaterThan(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(GT, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andGreaterEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(GE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andLessThan(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LT, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule andLessEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(AND));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIsNull(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNULL, propertyName).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIsNotNull(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNOTNULL, propertyName).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIsEmpty(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISEMPTY, propertyName).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIsNotEmpty(String propertyName) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(ISNOTEMPTY, propertyName).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orLike(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LIKE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(EQ, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orBetween(String propertyName, Object... values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(BETWEEN, propertyName, values).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIn(String propertyName, List<Object> values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(IN, propertyName, new Object[] { values }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orIn(String propertyName, Object... values) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(IN, propertyName, values).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orNotEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(NOTEQ, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orGreaterThan(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(GT, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orGreaterEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(GE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orLessThan(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LT, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public QueryRule orLessEqual(String propertyName, Object value) {
this.ruleList.add(new Rule(LE, propertyName, new Object[] { value }).setAndOr(OR));
return this;
}
public List<Rule> getRuleList() {
return this.ruleList;
}
public List<QueryRule> getQueryRuleList() {
return this.queryRuleList;
}
public String getPropertyName() {
return this.propertyName;
}
protected class Rule implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private int type; //规则的类型
private String property_name;
private Object[] values;
private int andOr = AND;
public Rule(int paramInt, String paramString) {
this.property_name = paramString;
this.type = paramInt;
}
public Rule(int paramInt, String paramString,
Object[] paramArrayOfObject) {
this.property_name = paramString;
this.values = paramArrayOfObject;
this.type = paramInt;
}
public Rule setAndOr(int andOr){
this.andOr = andOr;
return this;
}
public int getAndOr(){
return this.andOr;
}
public Object[] getValues() {
return this.values;
}
public int getType() {
return this.type;
}
public String getPropertyName() {
return this.property_name;
}
}
}
public class QueryRuleSqlBuilder {
private int CURR_INDEX = 0; //记录参数所在的位置
private List<String> properties; //保存列名列表
private List<Object> values; //保存参数值列表
private List<Order> orders; //保存排序规则列表
private String whereSql = "";
private String orderSql = "";
private Object [] valueArr = new Object[]{};
private Map<Object,Object> valueMap = new HashMap<Object,Object>();
/**
* 或得查询条件
* @return
*/
private String getWhereSql(){
return this.whereSql;
}
/**
* 获得排序条件
* @return
*/
private String getOrderSql(){
return this.orderSql;
}
/**
* 获得参数值列表
* @return
*/
public Object [] getValues(){
return this.valueArr;
}
/**
* 获取参数列表
* @return
*/
private Map<Object,Object> getValueMap(){
return this.valueMap;
}
/**
* 创建SQL构造器
* @param queryRule
*/
public QueryRuleSqlBuilder(QueryRule queryRule) {
CURR_INDEX = 0;
properties = new ArrayList<String>();
values = new ArrayList<Object>();
orders = new ArrayList<Order>();
for (QueryRule.Rule rule : queryRule.getRuleList()) {
switch (rule.getType()) {
case QueryRule.BETWEEN:
processBetween(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.EQ:
processEqual(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.LIKE:
processLike(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.NOTEQ:
processNotEqual(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.GT:
processGreaterThen(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.GE:
processGreaterEqual(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.LT:
processLessThen(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.LE:
processLessEqual(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.IN:
processIN(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.NOTIN:
processNotIN(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.ISNULL:
processIsNull(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.ISNOTNULL:
processIsNotNull(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.ISEMPTY:
processIsEmpty(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.ISNOTEMPTY:
processIsNotEmpty(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.ASC_ORDER:
processOrder(rule);
break;
case QueryRule.DESC_ORDER:
processOrder(rule);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("type " + rule.getType() + " not supported.");
}
}
//拼装where语句
appendWhereSql();
//拼装排序语句
appendOrderSql();
//拼装参数值
appendValues();
}
/**
* 去掉order
*
* @param sql
* @return
*/
private String removeOrders(String sql) {
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("order\\s*by[\\w|\\W|\\s|\\S]*", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Matcher m = p.matcher(sql);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
while (m.find()) {
m.appendReplacement(sb, "");
}
m.appendTail(sb);
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 去掉select
*
* @param sql
* @return
*/
private String removeSelect(String sql) {
if(sql.toLowerCase().matches("from\\s+")){
int beginPos = sql.toLowerCase().indexOf("from");
return sql.substring(beginPos);
}else{
return sql;
}
}
/**
* 处理like
* @param rule
*/
private void processLike(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
Object obj = rule.getValues()[0];
if (obj != null) {
String value = obj.toString();
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(value)) {
value = value.replace('*', '%');
obj = value;
}
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"like","%"+rule.getValues()[0]+"%");
}
/**
* 处理between
* @param rule
*/
private void processBetween(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if ((ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues()))
|| (rule.getValues().length < 2)) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"","between",rule.getValues()[0],"and");
add(0,"","","",rule.getValues()[1],"");
}
/**
* 处理 =
* @param rule
*/
private void processEqual(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"=",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理 <>
* @param rule
*/
private void processNotEqual(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"<>",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理 >
* @param rule
*/
private void processGreaterThen(
QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),">",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理>=
* @param rule
*/
private void processGreaterEqual(
QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),">=",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理<
* @param rule
*/
private void processLessThen(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"<",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理<=
* @param rule
*/
private void processLessEqual(
QueryRule.Rule rule) {
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"<=",rule.getValues()[0]);
}
/**
* 处理 is null
* @param rule
*/
private void processIsNull(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"is null",null);
}
/**
* 处理 is not null
* @param rule
*/
private void processIsNotNull(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"is not null",null);
}
/**
* 处理 <>''
* @param rule
*/
private void processIsNotEmpty(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"<>","''");
}
/**
* 处理 =''
* @param rule
*/
private void processIsEmpty(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"=","''");
}
/**
* 处理in和not in
* @param rule
* @param name
*/
private void inAndNotIn(QueryRule.Rule rule,String name){
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(rule.getValues())) {
return;
}
if ((rule.getValues().length == 1) && (rule.getValues()[0] != null)
&& (rule.getValues()[0] instanceof List)) {
List<Object> list = (List) rule.getValues()[0];
if ((list != null) && (list.size() > 0)){
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
if(i == 0 && i == list.size() - 1){
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"",name + " (",list.get(i),")");
}else if(i == 0 && i < list.size() - 1){
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"",name + " (",list.get(i),"");
}
if(i > 0 && i < list.size() - 1){
add(0,"",",","",list.get(i),"");
}
if(i == list.size() - 1 && i != 0){
add(0,"",",","",list.get(i),")");
}
}
}
} else {
Object[] list = rule.getValues();
for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
if(i == 0 && i == list.length - 1){
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"",name + " (",list[i],")");
}else if(i == 0 && i < list.length - 1){
add(rule.getAndOr(),rule.getPropertyName(),"",name + " (",list[i],"");
}
if(i > 0 && i < list.length - 1){
add(0,"",",","",list[i],"");
}
if(i == list.length - 1 && i != 0){
add(0,"",",","",list[i],")");
}
}
}
}
/**
* 处理 not in
* @param rule
*/
private void processNotIN(QueryRule.Rule rule){
inAndNotIn(rule,"not in");
}
/**
* 处理 in
* @param rule
*/
private void processIN(QueryRule.Rule rule) {
inAndNotIn(rule,"in");
}
/**
* 处理 order by
* @param rule 查询规则
*/
private void processOrder(Rule rule) {
switch (rule.getType()) {
case QueryRule.ASC_ORDER:
// propertyName非空
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(rule.getPropertyName())) {
orders.add(Order.asc(rule.getPropertyName()));
}
break;
case QueryRule.DESC_ORDER:
// propertyName非空
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(rule.getPropertyName())) {
orders.add(Order.desc(rule.getPropertyName()));
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**
* 加入到sql查询规则队列
* @param andOr and 或者 or
* @param key 列名
* @param split 列名与值之间的间隔
* @param value 值
*/
private void add(int andOr,String key,String split ,Object value){
add(andOr,key,split,"",value,"");
}
/**
* 加入到sql查询规则队列
* @param andOr and 或则 or
* @param key 列名
* @param split 列名与值之间的间隔
* @param prefix 值前缀
* @param value 值
* @param suffix 值后缀
*/
private void add(int andOr,String key,String split ,String prefix,Object value,String suffix){
String andOrStr = (0 == andOr ? "" :(QueryRule.AND == andOr ? " and " : " or "));
properties.add(CURR_INDEX, andOrStr + key + " " + split + prefix + (null != value ? " ? " : " ") + suffix);
if(null != value){
values.add(CURR_INDEX,value);
CURR_INDEX ++;
}
}
/**
* 拼装 where 语句
*/
private void appendWhereSql(){
StringBuffer whereSql = new StringBuffer();
for (String p : properties) {
whereSql.append(p);
}
this.whereSql = removeSelect(removeOrders(whereSql.toString()));
}
/**
* 拼装排序语句
*/
private void appendOrderSql(){
StringBuffer orderSql = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0 ; i < orders.size(); i ++) {
if(i > 0 && i < orders.size()){
orderSql.append(",");
}
orderSql.append(orders.get(i).toString());
}
this.orderSql = removeSelect(removeOrders(orderSql.toString()));
}
/**
* 拼装参数值
*/
private void appendValues(){
Object [] val = new Object[values.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < values.size(); i ++) {
val[i] = values.get(i);
valueMap.put(i, values.get(i));
}
this.valueArr = val;
}
public String builder(String tableName){
String ws = removeFirstAnd(this.getWhereSql());
String whereSql = ("".equals(ws) ? ws : (" where " + ws));
String sql = "select * from " + tableName + whereSql;
Object [] values = this.getValues();
String orderSql = this.getOrderSql();
orderSql = (StringUtils.isEmpty(orderSql) ? " " : (" order by " + orderSql));
sql += orderSql;
return sql;
}
private String removeFirstAnd(String sql){
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(sql)){return sql;}
return sql.trim().toLowerCase().replaceAll("^\\s*and", "") + " ";
}
}
public class Order {
private boolean ascending; //升序还是降序
private String propertyName; //哪个字段升序,哪个字段降序
public String toString() {
return propertyName + ' ' + (ascending ? "asc" : "desc");
}
/**
* Constructor for Order.
*/
protected Order(String propertyName, boolean ascending) {
this.propertyName = propertyName;
this.ascending = ascending;
}
/**
* Ascending order
*
* @param propertyName
* @return Order
*/
public static Order asc(String propertyName) {
return new Order(propertyName, true);
}
/**
* Descending order
*
* @param propertyName
* @return Order
*/
public static Order desc(String propertyName) {
return new Order(propertyName, false);
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
QueryRule queryRule = QueryRule.getInstance();
queryRule.addAscOrder("age");
queryRule.andEqual("addr","Changsha");
queryRule.andLike("name","Tom");
QueryRuleSqlBuilder builder = new QueryRuleSqlBuilder(queryRule);
System.out.println(builder.builder("t_member"));
System.out.println("Params: " + Arrays.toString(builder.getValues()));
}
}
建造者模式的优点和缺点
优点:封装性好,创建和使用分离;
2拓展性好,建造类之间独立,一定程度上解耦。
建造者模式的缺点:
1.产生多余的builder对象
2,产品内部发生变化,建造者都要修改,成本较大
建造者和工厂模式的区别
1.建造者模式更加注重方法的调用顺序,工厂模式注重创建对象。
2.创建对象的力度不同,建造者模式创建复杂的对象,由各种复杂的部件组成,工厂模式创建出来的都一样。
3关注重点不一样,工厂模式只需要把对象创建出来就可以,而建造者模式不仅要创建出来这个对象,还要知道这个对象由哪个部分组成
4建造者模式根据建造过程中的顺序不一样,最终的对象部件组成也不一样。