openGauss数据驾驭：跨平台开发实战

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于 2024-07-02 18:00:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49727236/article/details/140194292

版权

需求

开发一套跨平台的连接openGauss数据库的可视化的桌面版应用系统；
在应用系统与openGauss之间建立数据交互逻辑，实现数据的增、删、改、查；

环境准备

服务器
- openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP3
- 名称：localhost.localdomain
- IP地址：192.168.192.129
- openGauss 6.0.0-RC1
客户端
- UOS Desktop 20 Pro
- IP地址：192.168.192.128
- 银河麒麟桌面操作系统V10 (SP1)
- IP地址：192.168.192.142
- Windows 10 专业版，64位操作系统
- IP地址：192.168.1.3
- Windows
- Kylin
- UOS
语言：pascal
测试语句

drop table if exists staffs;
CREATE TABLE staffs(staff_id INT not null,first_name VARCHAR(20),last_name VARCHAR(25),email VARCHAR(25),phone_number VARCHAR(20),hire_date DATE,employment_id VARCHAR(10),salary NUMERIC(8,2),commission_pct NUMERIC(2,2),manager_id NUMERIC(6),section_id NUMERIC(4));

insert into staffs values (1, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833',  'SH_CLERK', 2200.00, null, 124, 50);insert into staffs values (2, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844',  'SH_CLERK', 4000.00, null, 124, 50);insert into staffs values (3, 'Jennie', 'Grant', 'SMITH', '650.507.9855',  'HZ_CLERK', 5000.00, null, 124, 51);
select * from  staffs order by staff_id;
update staffs set first_name='Jack' where staff_id=2;
delete from staffs where staff_id=2;

openEuler环境

Windwos环境

Kylin环境

UOS环境

openGauss 服务设置

查看数据库启动状态

切换至omm用户

[root@localhost ~]# su omm

Welcome to 5.10.0-182.0.0.95.oe2203sp3.x86_64
System information as of time:  Sun Jun  2 11:52:31 AM CST 2024
System load:    0.00Processes:      216Memory used:    6.2%Swap used:      0%Usage On:       8%IP address:     192.168.192.129Users online:   2To run a command as administrator(user "root"),use "sudo <command>".[omm@localhost root]$

‍

查看数据库启动状态

[omm@localhost root]$ gs_om -t status --detail[   Cluster State   ]
cluster_state   : Unavailableredistributing  : Nocurrent_az      : AZ_ALL
[  Datanode State   ]
    node                 node_ip         port      instance                            state------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1  localhost.localdomain 192.168.192.129 15400      6001 /opt/huawei/install/data/dn   P Primary Manually stopped[omm@localhost root]$

启动openGauss

[omm@localhost root]$ gs_om -t startStarting cluster.=========================================[SUCCESS] localhost.localdomain2024-06-02 11:54:14.370 665bece5.1 [unknown] 139716790724992 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets2024-06-02 11:54:14.370 665bece5.1 [unknown] 139716790724992 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets2024-06-02 11:54:14.395 665bece5.1 [unknown] 139716790724992 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  Failed to initialize the memory protect for g_instance.attr.attr_storage.cstore_buffers (1024 Mbytes) or shared memory (3310 Mbytes) is larger.=========================================Successfully started.[omm@localhost root]$

修改pg_hba.conf文件

目录：/opt/huawei/install/data/dn

[omm@localhost dn]$ pwd/opt/huawei/install/data/dn[omm@localhost dn]$[omm@localhost dn]$ lltotal 5052drwx------ 6 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 base-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    4399 May 31 23:40 cacert.pem-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp      72 Jun  2 11:54 gaussdb.statedrwx------ 3 omm dbgrp    4096 Jun  2 11:54 global-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp     354 May 31 23:40 gs_gazelle.conf-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp 4915200 May 31 23:40 gswlm_userinfo.cfg-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp   21016 May 31 23:40 mot.confdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_clogdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_csnlog-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp       0 Jun  2 11:54 pg_ctl.lockdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_errorinfo-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    4620 Jun  1 16:25 pg_hba.conf-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    4587 May 31 23:40 pg_hba.conf.bak-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    1024 May 31 23:40 pg_hba.conf.lock-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    1636 May 31 23:40 pg_ident.confdrwx------ 4 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_llogdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_locationdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 Jun  2 11:55 pg_logicaldrwx------ 4 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_multixactdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 Jun  2 11:54 pg_notifydrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_replslotdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_serialdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_snapshotsdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 Jun  2 11:55 pg_stat_tmpdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_tblspcdrwx------ 2 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_twophase-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp       4 May 31 23:40 PG_VERSIONdrwx------ 3 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 pg_xlog-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp   37355 Jun  1 16:29 postgresql.conf-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp   37380 May 31 23:40 postgresql.conf.guc.bak-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    1024 May 31 23:40 postgresql.conf.lock-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp      71 Jun  2 11:54 postmaster.opts-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp      89 Jun  2 11:54 postmaster.pid-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp       0 May 31 23:40 postmaster.pid.lock-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    4402 May 31 23:40 server.crt-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp    1766 May 31 23:40 server.key-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp      56 May 31 23:40 server.key.cipher-rw------- 1 omm dbgrp      24 May 31 23:40 server.key.randdrwx------ 5 omm dbgrp    4096 May 31 23:40 undo[omm@localhost dn]$

增加需要访问计算机的IP地址
对所有IP地址进行开放：0.0.0.0/0
修改trust替换成md5加密方式

[omm@localhost dn]$ vi pg_hba.conf
# PostgreSQL Client Authentication Configuration File
....................
# IPv4 local connections:host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trusthost    all    all    192.168.192.129/32    md5host    all    all    0.0.0.0/0 md5# IPv6 local connections:host    all             all             ::1/128                 trust# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the# replication privilege.#local   replication     omm                                trust#host    replication     omm        127.0.0.1/32            trust#host    replication     omm        ::1/128                 trust

修改postgresql.conf文件

修改监听地址和加密方式

[omm@node0 dn]$ vi postgresql.conf

[omm@localhost dn]$ vi postgresql.conf# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------## postgresql_single.conf.sample#      Configuration file for centralized environment## Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2012, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
....................
listen_addresses = '*'          # what IP address(es) to listen on;                                        # comma-separated list of addresses;                                        # defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all                                        # (change requires restart)....................
password_encryption_type = 0            #Password storage type, 0 is md5 for PG, 1 is sha256 + md5, 2 is sha256 only
....................

重启服务

[omm@localhost dn]$ gs_om -t stopStopping cluster.=========================================Successfully stopped cluster.=========================================End stop cluster.[omm@localhost dn]$ gs_om -t startStarting cluster.=========================================[SUCCESS] localhost.localdomain2024-06-02 12:07:45.835 665bf011.1 [unknown] 140209249028480 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets2024-06-02 12:07:45.835 665bf011.1 [unknown] 140209249028480 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  could not create any HA TCP/IP sockets2024-06-02 12:07:45.837 665bf011.1 [unknown] 140209249028480 [unknown] 0 dn_6001 01000  0 [BACKEND] WARNING:  Failed to initialize the memory protect for g_instance.attr.attr_storage.cstore_buffers (1024 Mbytes) or shared memory (3310 Mbytes) is larger.=========================================Successfully started.[omm@localhost dn]$

创建数据库、远程连接角色

[omm@localhost dn]$ gsql -d postgres -p 15400gsql ((openGauss 6.0.0-RC1 build ed7f8e37) compiled at 2024-03-31 12:44:26 commit 0 last mr  )Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)Type "help" for help.
openGauss=# create user testuser password 'openGauss!666';NOTICE:  The encrypted password contains MD5 ciphertext, which is not secure.CREATE ROLEopenGauss=#openGauss=# create database testdb owner testuser;CREATE DATABASEopenGauss=#openGauss=# GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE testdb to testuser;GRANTopenGauss=#openGauss=# GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES TO testuser;ALTER ROLEopenGauss=#

应用程序开发

文章中的开发代码仅做测试使用，实际开发中，需要根据实际情况进行严谨的逻辑分析。

界面布局

在窗体中标签、文本框、按钮等控件，以输入数据库的相关连接信息、进行数据库连接的测试；

创建公共函数

//实现数据表的创建，数据的新增、删除、更新等操作
function FunExecSql(vSqlStr: string): Boolean;var  tmpQuery:TZQuery;//uses ZDatasetbegin  Result:=True;
  try    tmpQuery := TZQuery.create(nil);    try      with tmpQuery do      begin        Connection := FConnection;        Active:=False;        SQL.Clear;
        SQL.Text:=vSqlStr;
        ExecSQL;      end;    finally      tmpQuery.Free;    end;  except    Result:=False;    tmpQuery.Free;  end;end;

数据库连接

Connection := TZConnection.Create(Self); Connection.Protocol := 'postgresql';Connection.HostName := edtHostName.Text;  //服务器IPConnection.Database := edtDatabase.Text;  //数据库名称Connection.User := edtUserName.Text;      //用户名Connection.Password := edtPassword.Text;  //密码Connection.Port:=15400;                   //端口号

创建数据表遍历过程

//数据表记录的遍历procedure FunGetOpenQuery(vSqlStr: string);var  tmpQuery:TZQuery;//uses ZDatasetbegin  try    tmpQuery := TZQuery.create(nil);    try      with tmpQuery do      begin        Connection := FConnection;        Active:=False;        SQL.Clear;        sql.Add(vSqlStr);        Active:=True;
        First;        while not Eof do        begin          memlog.Lines.Add('staff_id='+FieldByName('staff_id').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('first_name='+FieldByName('first_name').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('last_name='+FieldByName('last_name').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('email='+FieldByName('email').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('phone_number='+FieldByName('phone_number').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('employment_id='+FieldByName('employment_id').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('salary='+FieldByName('salary').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('commission_pct='+FieldByName('commission_pct').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('manager_id='+FieldByName('manager_id').AsString);          memlog.Lines.Add('section_id='+FieldByName('section_id').AsString);
          memlog.Lines.Add('*********************************');
          Next;        end;      end;    finally      tmpQuery.Free;    end;  except
  end;end;