pygame 实现俄罗斯方块小游戏

俄罗斯方块(Tetris)是一款经典的俄罗斯益智游戏,游戏的核心玩法是通过移动、旋转和放置不同形状的方块,使它们在游戏界面的底部形成完整的水平线。一旦水平线填满,就会被清除,为新的方块腾出空间。
在 Python 中可以使用第三方库pygame来实现俄罗斯方块游戏,使用pygame前需确保其已经安装。
如下是代码示例:

import pygame, sys, random

def rotate():
    # 获取方块的初始位置
    y_drop, x_move = block_initial_position
    # 计算方块旋转后的位置
    rotating_position = [(-column, row) for row, column in select_block]

    # 检查旋转后的位置是否合法
    for row, column in rotating_position:
        row += y_drop
        column += x_move
        # 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠,则跳出循环
        if column < 0 or column > 9 or background[row][column]:
            break
    else:
        # 如果旋转后的位置合法,则更新方块的位置
        select_block.clear()
        select_block.extend(rotating_position)

def block_move_down():
    # 获取方块的初始位置
    y_drop = block_initial_position[0]
    x_move = block_initial_position[1]
    y_drop -= 1

    # 检查方块下移后的位置是否合法
    for row, column in select_block:
        row += y_drop
        column += x_move

        # 如果下方有背景方块,则停止下移
        if background[row][column] == 1:
            break
    else:
        # 如果下移位置合法,则更新方块的位置
        block_initial_position.clear()
        block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])
        return

    # 如果方块无法下移,则将方块固定在背景上,并处理消除的行
    y_drop, x_move = block_initial_position
    for row, column in select_block:
        background[y_drop + row][x_move + column] = 1
    complete_row = []

    # 检查是否有行满了
    for row in range(1, 21):
        if 0 not in background[row]:
            complete_row.append(row)

    complete_row.sort(reverse=True)

    # 消除满行,并得分
    for row in complete_row:
        background.pop(row)
        background.append([0 for column in range(0, 10)])

    score[0] += len(complete_row)
    pygame.display.set_caption(str(score[0]) + '分')

    # 选择下一个方块并放置在顶部
    select_block.clear()
    select_block.extend(list(random.choice(all_block)))
    block_initial_position.clear()
    block_initial_position.extend([20, 5])
    y_drop, x_move = block_initial_position

    # 检查是否游戏结束
    for row, column in select_block:
        row += y_drop
        column += x_move
        if background[row][column]:
            game_over.append(1)


def new_draw():
    # 绘制方块
    y_drop, x_move = block_initial_position
    for row, column in select_block:
        row += y_drop
        column += x_move
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 165, 0), (column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))

    # 绘制背景方块
    for row in range(0, 20):
        for column in range(0, 10):
            bottom_block = background[row][column]
            if bottom_block:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, (0, 0, 255), (column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))


def move_left_right(n):
    # 方块水平移动
    y_drop, x_move = block_initial_position
    x_move += n
    for row, column in select_block:
        row += y_drop
        column += x_move
        # 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠,则跳出循环
        if column < 0 or column > 9 or background[row][column]:
            break
    else:
        # 如果移动位置合法,则更新方块的位置
        block_initial_position.clear()
        block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])


def event_logic():
    times = 0
    press = False
    while True:
        screen.fill((255, 255, 255))
        # 按键事件
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                move_left_right(-1)
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                move_left_right(1)
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                rotate()
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                press = True
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                press = False

        # 如果下箭头键被按下,则加快方块下落速度
        if press:
            times += 10

        # 达到时间阈值时让方块向下移动,并重置时间
        if times >= 100:
            block_move_down()
            times = 0
        else:
            times += 1

        # 如果游戏结束,则退出程序
        if game_over:
            sys.exit()

        new_draw()
        pygame.time.Clock().tick(200)
        pygame.display.flip()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 初始化游戏
    all_block = [[[0, 0], [0, -1], [0, 1], [0, 2]],
                 [[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0]],
                 [[0, 0], [0, -1], [-1, 0], [-1, 1]],
                 [[0, 0], [0, 1], [-1, -1], [-1, 0]],
                 [[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [0, -1]],
                 [[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, -1]],
                 [[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, 1]]]
    background = [[0 for column in range(0, 10)] for row in range(0, 22)]
    background[0] = [1 for column in range(0, 10)]

    select_block = list(random.choice(all_block))
    block_initial_position = [21, 5]
    score = [0]
    game_over = []

    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((250, 500))
    title = pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")

    # 调用按键事件处理函数
    event_logic()

上述代码实现了一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏。整体逻辑包括方块的旋转、下移、水平移动,以及消行、得分等功能。具体来说:

rotate()函数用于旋转方块,检查旋转后的位置是否合法,如果合法则更新方块位置。

block_move_down()函数用于让方块向下移动,如果无法下移则固定在背景上,并处理消除的行,同时选择下一个方块放置在顶部。

new_draw()函数用于绘制方块和背景方块。

move_left_right(n)函数用于控制方块的水平移动。

event_logic()函数是主要的游戏逻辑函数,处理按键事件,并根据按键操作让方块移动、旋转,并控制游戏速度和结束条件。

if __name__ == '__main__':部分初始化了游戏所需的数据,包括方块形状、背景、初始位置等,并调用event_logic()开始游戏逻辑。

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当然可以!下面是一个使用 Pygame 编写的俄罗斯方块小游戏的示例代码: ```python import pygame import random # 初始化 Pygame pygame.init() # 设置游戏窗口宽度和高度 window_width = 800 window_height = 600 # 设置方块大小 block_size = 30 # 设置游戏区域的宽度和高度 play_width = 10 * block_size play_height = 20 * block_size # 设置游戏区域的位置 play_x = (window_width - play_width) // 2 play_y = window_height - play_height - 50 # 设置颜色 white = (255, 255, 255) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (255, 0, 0) blue = (0, 0, 255) green = (0, 255, 0) yellow = (255, 255, 0) purple = (128, 0, 128) orange = (255, 165, 0) cyan = (0, 255, 255) # 定义形状的类 class Shape: def __init__(self): self.x = play_x // block_size self.y = play_y // block_size self.color = random.choice([red, blue, green, yellow, purple, orange, cyan]) self.rotation = random.randint(0, 3) def rotate(self): self.rotation = (self.rotation + 1) % 4 def move_left(self): self.x -= 1 def move_right(self): self.x += 1 def move_down(self): self.y += 1 # 创建游戏窗口 win = pygame.display.set_mode((window_width, window_height)) pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块") def draw_grid(): for x in range(play_x, play_x + play_width, block_size): pygame.draw.line(win, white, (x, play_y), (x, play_y + play_height)) for y in range(play_y, play_y + play_height, block_size): pygame.draw.line(win, white, (play_x, y), (play_x + play_width, y)) def draw_shape(shape): for i in range(len(shape)): for j in range(len(shape[i])): if shape[i][j] == 'X': pygame.draw.rect(win, shape.color, (play_x + (shape.x + j) * block_size, play_y + (shape.y + i) * block_size, block_size, block_size)) def check_collision(shape): for i in range(len(shape)): for j in range(len(shape[i])): if shape[i][j] == 'X': if shape.y + i >= 20 or shape.x + j < 0 or shape.x + j >= 10: return True return False def remove_row(play_area): full_rows = [] for i in range(len(play_area)): if all(play_area[i]): full_rows.append(i) for row in full_rows: del play_area[row] play_area.insert(0, [0] * 10) return len(full_rows) def draw_play_area(play_area): for i in range(len(play_area)): for j in range(len(play_area[i])): if play_area[i][j] == 1: pygame.draw.rect(win, white, (play_x + j * block_size, play_y + i * block_size, block_size, block_size)) def update_score(score): font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 30) text = font.render("Score: " + str(score), True, white) win.blit(text, (window_width - 100, 20)) def game_loop(): clock = pygame.time.Clock() shape = Shape() play_area = [[0] * 10 for _ in range(20)] score = 0 game_over = False while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: shape.move_left() if check_collision(shape): shape.move_right() elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: shape.move_right() if check_collision(shape): shape.move_left() elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: shape.move_down() if check_collision(shape): shape.y -= 1 for i in range(len(shape)): for j in range(len(shape[i])): if shape[i][j] == 'X': play_area[shape.y + i][shape.x + j] = 1 score += remove_row(play_area) shape = Shape() if check_collision(shape): game_over = True elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: shape.rotate() if check_collision(shape): for _ in range(3): shape.rotate() if not game_over: shape.move_down() if check_collision(shape): shape.y -= 1 for i in range(len(shape)): for j in range(len(shape[i])): if shape[i][j] == 'X': play_area[shape.y + i][shape.x + j] = 1 score += remove_row(play_area) shape = Shape() if check_collision(shape): game_over = True win.fill(black) draw_grid() draw_shape(shape) draw_play_area(play_area) update_score(score) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(10) pygame.quit() game_loop() ``` 这段代码使用 Pygame 创建了一个窗口,实现俄罗斯方块的基本功能,包括方块的移动、旋转、碰撞检测、行消除和得分计算。你可以运行这段代码来体验俄罗斯方块小游戏。希望能对你有所帮助!

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