统计相关

统计相关

一、次序统计

1、计算最小值

• numpy.amin(a[, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue, initial=np._NoValue,where=np._NoValue])Return the minimum of an array or minimum along an axis.

【例】计算最小值

2、计算最大值

• numpy.amax(a[,axis=None,out=None,keepdims=np._NoValue, initial=np._NoValue,where=np._NoValue])Return the maximum of an array or maximum along an axis.

【例】计算最大值

3、计算极差

• numpy.ptp(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue) Range of values (maximum -minimum) along an axis. The name of the function comes from the acronym for ‘peak to peak’.

【例】计算极差

4、计算分位数

• numpy.percentile(a,q,axis=None,out=None,overwrite_input=False,interpolation='linear', keepdims=False) Compute the q-th percentile of the data along the specified axis. Returns the q-th percentile(s) of the array elements.

【例】计算分位数

二、均值与方差

1、计算中位数

• numpy.median(a, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False, keepdims=False) Compute the median along the specified axis. Returns the median of the array elements.

【例】计算中位数

2、计算平均值

• numpy.mean(a[, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue)]) Compute the arithmetic mean along the specified axis.

【例】计算平均值

3、计算加权平均值

• numpy.average(a[, axis=None, weights=None, returned=False]) Compute the weighted average along the specified axis.

mean 和 average 都是计算均值的函数，在不指定权重的时候 average 和 mean 是一样的。指定权重
后， average 可以计算加权平均值。

【例】计算加权平均值

4、计算方差

• numpy.var(a[, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=0, keepdims=np._NoValue]) Compute the variance along the specified axis.

【例】计算方差

5、计算标准差

• numpy.std(a[, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None, ddof=0, keepdims=np._NoValue]) Compute the standard deviation along the specified axis.

标准差是一组数据平均值分散程度的一种度量，是方差的算术平方根。

【例】计算标准差

三、相关

1、计算协方差矩阵

• numpy.cov(m, y=None, rowvar=True, bias=False, ddof=None, fweights=None,aweights=None)Estimate a covariance matrix, given data and weights.

【例】计算协方差矩阵

2、计算相关系数

• numpy.corrcoef(x, y=None, rowvar=True, bias=np._NoValue, ddof=np._NoValue) Return Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients.

【例】计算相关系数

四、直方图

• numpy.digitize(x, bins, right=False) Return the indices of the bins to which each value in input array belongs.

【例】