美国大学生英语写作

美国大学生英语写作

前言:本博客主要用于自己的记录,所总结内容均来自writing skills with readings这本书,当然有志于英语写作的朋友也可以和我讨论与提供建议,比较重要的summary我还是从原文copy,避免翻译不清误导读者.

目录

1. Essay writing(短文写作)
2. an introduction to writing
3. the writing process
4. the first and second steps in essay writing
5. the third step in essay writing
6. the fourth step in essay writing
7. four bases for revising essays
8. patterns of essay development(短文分类和写作手法)
   1. introduction to essay development
   2. description
   3. narration
   4. examplification
   5. peocess
   6. cause and effect
   7. comparision and contrast
   8. definition
   9. division-classfication
   10. argument
9. academic writing(学术写作)
   1. writing a summary
   2. writing a report
   3. writing a research paper
10. handbook of sentence skills(句子写作技巧指南)
    1. grammer
       1. fragments
       2. run-ons
       3. misplaced modifiers
       4. dangling modifiers
    2. mechanics
       1. manuscript form
       2. capital letters
       3. numbers and abbreviations
    3. punctuation
       1. apostrophe
       2. quotation marks
       3. comma
       4. other punctuation marks
    4. effective word choice
       1. effective word choice
11. reading for writers(以阅读带动写作)
    1. introduction to the readings
    2. looking inward
    3. observing others
    4. confronting problems

第一章 短文写作

1. 写作概论

   有四个步骤:
   1.Discovered a clearly stated point,or thesis
   2.Provide logical,detailed support for your thesis
   3.organize and connect your supporting material
   4.revise(修正) and edit so that your sentences are effective and error-free.
   1. Point and Support(论点+论据)
   读和写是两码事,因为在日常生活中和你交流的人一般不会问及你观点的原因,但你的读者不了解你,不同意你(的观点).如果你想要和你的读者进行有效交流,你必须对你的论点提供solid evidence.即:
   in writing,any idea that you advance must be supported with specific reasons or details.
   如何练习?
   能提高写作简洁性和逻辑性的一种很棒的方式是去练习传统的大学议论文,他包括an introductory paragraph,three or more supporting paragraphs and a concluding paragraph,下面我将依次具体介绍三段的内容
   introductory paragraph
   It should start with several sentences that attract the readers’s interest,then advance the central idea,or thesis,that will be development in the essay.
   这些论点要按顺序列举出来，举例来说，当我们提出论点“我喜欢冬天因为他的气候，假期和运动”，那么在后面三段的论述中，要按照你提出三个论点的顺序去写作。
   除此之外，“such a thesis might assert”(个人理解是观点要坚定有力)
   supporting paragraphs
   每一个主题段都应该有一个主题句，就想一个论点提供一个focus给整篇论文一样，主题句为每个supporting paragraph提供一个focus
   concluding paragraph
   结尾段总是通过简要复述论点(thesis)，偶尔会加上"the main supporting points"来进行总结