python中用OpenCV填充不规则点集合(免费)

已知图像中有一个点集，求点集的包络线（给定一个点，寻找最近的点连线，直到连线封闭，
回到出发点）
，并用红色填充包络线包含的区域。

1.demo：

2.结果：

3.思路如下：

先二值化图像，取得所有黑点，确定一个点，寻找最近的点连线，直到连线封闭，回到出发点，

调用函数填充区域。（这里如果不按照我说的，而是找出黑点之后直接调用函数寻找区域，可能会出现不能很好贴合的问题）

4.代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
image='1.png'
img = cv2.imread(image, 0)
_, thresh = cv2.threshold(img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
black_points = np.where(img == 0)
x = black_points[1]
y = black_points[0]
points=np.column_stack((x,y))
def find_closest_point(start_point, points):
    min_distance = float('inf')
    closest_point = None
    for point in points:
        distance = np.linalg.norm(start_point - point)
        if distance < min_distance:
            min_distance = distance
            closest_point = point
    return closest_point

def find_closed_loop(points):
    start_point = points[0]
    remaining_points = points[1:]
    closed_loop = [start_point]

    while len(remaining_points) > 0:
        closest_point = find_closest_point(start_point, remaining_points)
        closed_loop.append(closest_point)
        remaining_points = np.delete(remaining_points, np.where((remaining_points == closest_point).all(axis=1)),
                                     axis=0)
        start_point = closest_point
    closed_loop.append(closed_loop[0])  # 添加回到出发点
    return np.array(closed_loop)
closed_loop = find_closed_loop(points)

x = points[:, 0]
y = points[:, 1]
img = cv2.imread(image, 1)
plt.imshow(img)
plt.fill(closed_loop[:, 0], closed_loop[:, 1], color='red', alpha=0.5)
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.title('boundary')
plt.savefig("result.jpg")
plt.show()