Qt 基础组件速学对话框篇 Dialog

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已于 2024-06-22 05:15:43 修改

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分类专栏： qt 快速入门开发指南文章标签： qt 开发语言

于 2024-06-22 05:08:00 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_50873490/article/details/139873089

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学习目标： 6种消息对话框框

前置环境

运行环境:qt creator 4.12

学习内容：

6大消息框
1文件选择
Dialog::setFileDialog();

2 颜色选择

Dialog::setColorDialog();

3字体选择
Dialog::setFontDialog();

4输入选择
Dialog::setinputDialog();

5消息对话框
Dialog::setMessageBox();

6 自定义消息框借助QMessageBoxDialog::setMYselftMessageBox():

文件选择框

举例：选择任意文件，获取文件大小信息。

void Dialog::setFileDialog(){
    QLabel* filenaemk =new QLabel("文件名称:");
    QLabel* filesizek =new QLabel("文件大小：");
    QTextEdit* textname =new QTextEdit;
    QTextEdit* textsize =new QTextEdit;

    QPushButton* filenaemv = new QPushButton("选择...");
    QPushButton* getFileSize = new QPushButton("获取文件大小");

    QHBoxLayout * f1 =new QHBoxLayout(this);
    f1->addWidget(filesizek);
    f1->addWidget(textsize);
    f1->addWidget(getFileSize);

    QHBoxLayout * f2 =new QHBoxLayout(this);
    f2->addWidget(filenaemk);
    f2->addWidget(textname);
    f2->addWidget(filenaemv);



    grid->addLayout(f1,1,0);
    grid->addLayout(f2,0,0);

    //给按钮赋予 选择文件，获取路径
    QObject::connect(filenaemv, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this,textname](){
        QString filepath = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,tr("打开文件"),"/",tr("Files(*)"));
        textname->setText(filepath);
    });
     //给按钮赋予 根据文件获取大小
    QObject::connect(getFileSize,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[textsize,textname](){
            QString filepath = textname->toPlainText();
            QFileInfo finfo(filepath);
            textsize->setText(QString::number(finfo.size()));
    });

}

颜色对话框

void Dialog::setColorDialog(){
    QLabel* colork = new QLabel("请选择颜色:");
    QPushButton* colorV= new QPushButton();
    QFrame* fram = new QFrame(this);
    //设置形状和背景填充
    fram->setFrameShape(QFrame::Box);
    fram->setAutoFillBackground(true);

    QHBoxLayout * h = new QHBoxLayout;
    h->addWidget(colork);
    h->addWidget(colorV);

    grid->addLayout(h,0,1);
    grid->addWidget(fram,1,1);

    //赋予选择颜色，改变fram颜色
    connect(colorV,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[this,fram](){
        QColor select = QColorDialog::getColor(Qt::red,this,"选择颜色对话框");

        if(select.isValid()){
            fram->setPalette(QPalette(select));
        }
    });



}

字体对话框

void Dialog::setFontDialog(){
     QTextEdit * text = new QTextEdit("这是字体样式 QWER");
     QPushButton* fontv = new QPushButton();
     QLabel* fontk = new QLabel("请选择字体格式:");
     QHBoxLayout * h = new QHBoxLayout;
     h->addWidget(fontk);
     h->addWidget(fontv);

     connect(fontv,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[this,text](){
        bool ok;
        QFont  select = QFontDialog::getFont(&ok,QFont("微软雅黑", 20), this, "选择字体");//初始字体、父窗口、对话框标题
        if(ok){
           text->setFont(select );
        }
     });

     grid->addLayout(h,0,3);
     grid->addWidget(text,1,3);
}

输入对话框

void Dialog::setInputDialog(){
    QLabel * student = new QLabel("学生:");
    QPushButton* studentV = new QPushButton("修改信息");
    QTextEdit* studentk = new QTextEdit("张三");
    studentk->setReadOnly(true);

    QHBoxLayout * h= new QHBoxLayout;
    h->addWidget(student);
    h->addWidget(studentk);
    h->addWidget(studentV);

    QLabel * student2 = new QLabel("性别:");
    QPushButton* studentV2 = new QPushButton("修改信息");
    QTextEdit* studentk2 = new QTextEdit("男");

    QHBoxLayout * h2= new QHBoxLayout;
    h2->addWidget(student2);
    h2->addWidget(studentk2);
    h2->addWidget(studentV2);

    QVBoxLayout * set= new QVBoxLayout;
    set->addLayout(h);
    set->addLayout(h2);
    grid->addLayout(set,2,0);


    connect(studentV,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[this,studentk](){
        bool ok =false;
        QString result =  QInputDialog::getText(this,"修改姓名","请输入你的新姓名",
                                                QLineEdit::Normal,studentk->toPlainText(),&ok);
        if(ok && !result.isEmpty())
            studentk->setText(result);
    });

    connect(studentV2,&QPushButton::clicked,this,[this,studentk2](){
        bool ok =false;
        QString result =  QInputDialog::getText(this,"修改性别","请输入你的新性别",
                                                QLineEdit::Normal,studentk2->toPlainText(),&ok);
        if(ok && !result.isEmpty())
            studentk2->setText(result);
    });
}

消息盒对话框

简述:系统封装好的6种消息框对话框。

void Dialog::setMessageBox(){
     QLabel* displabel=new QLabel("请你选择一个消息框:");

     QPushButton* questionbutton=new QPushButton("question"); // 问题消息框命令按钮
     QPushButton* informationbutton=new QPushButton("information"); // 信息消息框命令按钮
     QPushButton* warningbutton=new QPushButton("warning"); // 警告消息框命令按钮
     QPushButton* criticalbutton=new QPushButton("critical"); // 错误消息框命令按钮
     QPushButton* aboutbutton=new QPushButton("about"); // 关于消息框命令按钮
     QPushButton* aboutqtbutton=new QPushButton("aboutQt"); //

     QVBoxLayout * v = new QVBoxLayout;
     v->addWidget(displabel);
     QHBoxLayout * h = new QHBoxLayout;
     h->addWidget(questionbutton);
     h->addWidget(informationbutton);
     h->addWidget(warningbutton);
     QHBoxLayout * h2 = new QHBoxLayout;
     h2->addWidget(criticalbutton);
     h2->addWidget(aboutbutton);
     h2->addWidget(aboutqtbutton);
     v->addLayout(h);
     v->addLayout(h2);

     grid->addLayout(v,2,1);

     connect(questionbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
     connect(informationbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
     connect(criticalbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
     connect(warningbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
     connect(aboutbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
     connect(aboutqtbutton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT);
}
void Dialog::setMessageBoxSLOT() {
    //获取发起信号的对象
    QPushButton* button = qobject_cast<QPushButton*>(sender());
    QString str = button->text();
    if (str == "question") {
        QMessageBox::question(this, "Question", "This is a question message box.");
    } else if (str == "information") {
        QMessageBox::information(this, "Information", "This is an information message box.");
    } else if (str == "warning") {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "Warning", "This is a warning message box.");
    } else if (str == "critical") {
        QMessageBox::critical(this, "Critical", "This is a critical message box.");
    } else if (str == "about") {
        QMessageBox::about(this, "About", "This is an about message box.");
    } else if (str == "aboutQt") {
        QMessageBox::aboutQt(this, "aboutQt消息框测试");
    }
}

自定义消息对话框

简述:基于消息盒子进行自定义消息对话框

void Dialog::setMYselftMessageBox(){
    QLabel* lb = new QLabel("自定义消息框：");
    QLabel* data = new QLabel;
    QPushButton* pb = new QPushButton("测试");

    QVBoxLayout * V = new QVBoxLayout;
    V->addWidget(lb);
    V->addWidget(pb);
    V->addWidget(data);

    connect(pb,QOverload<bool>::of(&QPushButton::clicked),this,[this,data](){
            QMessageBox box;
            box.setWindowTitle("自定义消息框测试");

            QPushButton* pb1 = box.addButton("yes",QMessageBox::ActionRole);
            QPushButton* pb2 = box.addButton("no",QMessageBox::RejectRole);

            box.setIconPixmap(QPixmap(QSize(100, 100)));
            box.exec();

            // 判断用户点击按钮 yes no
            if(box.clickedButton() == pb1)
            {
                data->setText("用户点击YES按钮");
            }
            else if(box.clickedButton() == pb2)
            {
                data->setText("用户点击NO按钮");
            }
    });


    grid->addLayout(V,2,3);
}

总结：

文件对话框 (QFileDialog): 用于选择文件并显示文件信息,包括文件名和文件大小。
颜色对话框 (QColorDialog): 用于选择颜色并改变框架的背景颜色。
字体对话框 (QFontDialog): 用于选择字体并应用到文本编辑器中。
输入对话框 (QInputDialog): 用于修改学生信息,包括姓名和性别。
消息对话框 (QMessageBox): 包括问题、信息、警告、严重错误和关于等几种类型的消息对话框。
自定义消息对话框: 使用 QMessageBox 自定义按钮和图标。