Tomcat 500错误：实例化Servlet类异常

在IDEA中启动Tomcat访问web项目。报错：实例化Servlet类[com.study.servlet.HelloServlet]异常

web项目：

启动Tomcat，浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/servlet-01/HelloServlet

报错：

第一次访问：

HTTP状态 500 - 内部服务器错误

HTTP状态 500 - 内部服务器错误
类型 异常报告

消息 实例化Servlet类[com.study.servlet.HelloServlet]异常

描述 服务器遇到一个意外的情况，阻止它完成请求。

例外情况

jakarta.servlet.ServletException: 实例化Servlet类[com.study.servlet.HelloServlet]异常
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:356)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:867)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1762)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
根本原因。

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/http/HttpServlet
	java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1010)
	java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:150)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:2510)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:877)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1413)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1257)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:356)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:867)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1762)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
根本原因。

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1449)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1257)
	java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:1010)
	java.base/java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:150)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:2510)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:877)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1413)
	org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1257)
	org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
	org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:356)
	org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
	org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:867)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1762)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)
	org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
):注意 主要问题的全部 stack 信息可以在 server logs 里查看

Apache Tomcat/10.0.23

第二次访问：

HTTP状态 404 - 未找到

Cause：

折腾了很久+百度找到了报错的原因：出现这个问题的原因是tomcat 10中的servlet-api与maven中导入的servlet-api依赖不兼容所导致的

Solve：

使用tomcat 9.0.65的版本就可以了

折腾了这么久最后终于成功解决了报错！！！

浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/servlet-01/HelloServlet 可以正常访问web项目了😀