生成验证码后台

    @PostMapping("getImageCodes")
    public String getImageCodes(HttpServletRequest request){

        //1.获取验证码随机字符
        String code = ImageCodeUtil.getSecurityCode();
        log.info("验证码为：{}",code);

        //2.存储验证码随机字符
        request.getServletContext().setAttribute("code",code);

        String imgBase64 = null;
        try {
            //3.生成验证码图片将验证码图片转为Base64格式
            imgBase64 = ImageCodeUtil.careateImgBase64(code);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return imgBase64;
    }

util工具包

 import org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import org.springframework.util.Base64Utils;

 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.Base64.Encoder;
 public class ImageCodeUtil {
     /**
      * 验证码难度级别 Simple-数字 Medium-数字和小写字母 Hard-数字和大小写字母
      */
     public enum SecurityCodeLevel {
         Simple, Medium, Hard
     };
     /**
      * 产生默认验证码，4位中等难度
      *
      * @return
      */
     public static String getSecurityCode() {
         return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false);
     }
     /**
      * 产生长度和难度任意的验证码
      *
      * @param length
      * @param level
      * @param isCanRepeat
      * @return
      */
     public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level, boolean isCanRepeat) {
         // 随机抽取len个字符
         int len = length;
         // 字符集合（--除去易混淆的数字0,1,字母l,o,O）
         char[] codes = {
                 '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
                 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
                 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'
         };
         // 根据不同难度截取字符串
         if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) {
             codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 10);
         } else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) {
             codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 36);
         }
         // 字符集和长度
         int n = codes.length;
         // 抛出运行时异常
         if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) {
             throw new RuntimeException(String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常，" + "当isCanRepeat为%3$s时，传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s", len, level, isCanRepeat, n));
         }
         // 存放抽取出来的字符
         char[] result = new char[len];
         // 判断能否出现重复字符
         if (isCanRepeat) {
             for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                 // 索引0 and n-1
                 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
                 // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
                 result[i] = codes[r];
             }
         } else {
             for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                 // 索引0 and n-1
                 int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
                 // 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
                 result[i] = codes[r];
                 // 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符，这里用数组中最后一个字符改写code[r],并将n-1
                 codes[r] = codes[n - 1];
                 n--;
             }
         }
         return String.valueOf(result);
     }
     /**
      * 生成验证码图片

      * @param securityCode

      * @return

      */
     public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){

         int codeLength = securityCode.length();//验证码长度

         int fontSize = 18;//字体大小

         int fontWidth = fontSize+1;

         //图片宽高

         int width = codeLength*fontWidth+6;
         int height = fontSize*2+1;
         //图片

         BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

         Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();

         g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置背景色

         g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景

         g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);//设置边框颜色

         g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height-2));//边框字体样式

         g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);//绘制边框

         //绘制噪点

         Random rand = new Random();

         g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);

         for (int i = 0; i < codeLength*6; i++) {

             int x = rand.nextInt(width);

             int y = rand.nextInt(height);

             g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);//绘制1*1大小的矩形

         }

         //绘制验证码

         int codeY = height-10;

         g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246));

         //Georgia  是个字体，如果想用中文要指定中文字体；eg:"宋体";
         //g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fontSize));
         g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, fontSize));
         for(int i=0;i<codeLength;i++){
             double deg=new Random().nextDouble()*20;
             g.rotate(Math.toRadians(deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5);
             g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i*16+5, codeY);
             g.rotate(Math.toRadians(-deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5);
         }

         g.dispose();//关闭资源

         return image;

     }

     /**
      * 创建验证码图片转为Base64
      * @param code 验证码随机字符
      * */
     public static String careateImgBase64(String code) throws IOException {
         //生成图片
         BufferedImage image = createImage(code);

         //创建io流
         ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         //写入流中
         ImageIO.write(image, "png", baos);

         //转换成字节
         byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();

         //获取编码对象
         Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

         //获取base64编码字符串
         String png_base64 = encoder.encodeToString(bytes);

         //删除 \r\n
         png_base64 = png_base64.replaceAll("\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "");

         //ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", new File("D:/qrcode1.png"));
         //System.out.println("值为："+"data:image/png;base64,"+png_base64);

         //返回字符串
         String pngBase64="data:image/png;base64," + png_base64;

         return pngBase64;
     }

     //测试
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
         //获得随机字符
         String securityCode = getSecurityCode();
         //打印随机字符
         System.out.println("===="+securityCode);
         //生成图片
         BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
         //将生成的验证码图片以png(1.png)的格式输出到D盘        "D:\\1.png"   ==  "D:/1.png"
         ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\5.png")));
         /*//生成图片
         BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);

         //创建io流
         ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         //写入流中
         ImageIO.write(image, "png", baos);

         //转换成字节
         byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();

         //获取编码对象
         Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

         //获取base64编码字符串
         String png_base64 = encoder.encodeToString(bytes);

         //删除 \r\n
         png_base64 = png_base64.replaceAll("\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "");

         //ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", new File("D:/qrcode1.png"));
         //System.out.println("值为："+"data:image/png;base64,"+png_base64);

         //返回字符串
         String pngBase64="data:image/png;base64," + png_base64;
         System.out.println(pngBase64);*/
    }


 }