@PostMapping("getImageCodes")
public String getImageCodes(HttpServletRequest request){
//1.获取验证码随机字符
String code = ImageCodeUtil.getSecurityCode();
log.info("验证码为:{}",code);
//2.存储验证码随机字符
request.getServletContext().setAttribute("code",code);
String imgBase64 = null;
try {
//3.生成验证码图片将验证码图片转为Base64格式
imgBase64 = ImageCodeUtil.careateImgBase64(code);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return imgBase64;
}
util工具包
import org.apache.commons.io.output.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import org.springframework.util.Base64Utils;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Base64.Encoder;
public class ImageCodeUtil {
/**
* 验证码难度级别 Simple-数字 Medium-数字和小写字母 Hard-数字和大小写字母
*/
public enum SecurityCodeLevel {
Simple, Medium, Hard
};
/**
* 产生默认验证码,4位中等难度
*
* @return
*/
public static String getSecurityCode() {
return getSecurityCode(4, SecurityCodeLevel.Medium, false);
}
/**
* 产生长度和难度任意的验证码
*
* @param length
* @param level
* @param isCanRepeat
* @return
*/
public static String getSecurityCode(int length, SecurityCodeLevel level, boolean isCanRepeat) {
// 随机抽取len个字符
int len = length;
// 字符集合(--除去易混淆的数字0,1,字母l,o,O)
char[] codes = {
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'
};
// 根据不同难度截取字符串
if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Simple) {
codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 10);
} else if (level == SecurityCodeLevel.Medium) {
codes = Arrays.copyOfRange(codes, 0, 36);
}
// 字符集和长度
int n = codes.length;
// 抛出运行时异常
if (len > n && isCanRepeat == false) {
throw new RuntimeException(String.format("调用SecurityCode.getSecurityCode(%1$s,%2$s,%3$s)出现异常," + "当isCanRepeat为%3$s时,传入参数%1$s不能大于%4$s", len, level, isCanRepeat, n));
}
// 存放抽取出来的字符
char[] result = new char[len];
// 判断能否出现重复字符
if (isCanRepeat) {
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
// 索引0 and n-1
int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
// 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
result[i] = codes[r];
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
// 索引0 and n-1
int r = (int) (Math.random() * n);
// 将result中的第i个元素设置为code[r]存放的数值
result[i] = codes[r];
// 必须确保不会再次抽取到那个字符,这里用数组中最后一个字符改写code[r],并将n-1
codes[r] = codes[n - 1];
n--;
}
}
return String.valueOf(result);
}
/**
* 生成验证码图片
* @param securityCode
* @return
*/
public static BufferedImage createImage(String securityCode){
int codeLength = securityCode.length();//验证码长度
int fontSize = 18;//字体大小
int fontWidth = fontSize+1;
//图片宽高
int width = codeLength*fontWidth+6;
int height = fontSize*2+1;
//图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置背景色
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充背景
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);//设置边框颜色
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height-2));//边框字体样式
g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);//绘制边框
//绘制噪点
Random rand = new Random();
g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
for (int i = 0; i < codeLength*6; i++) {
int x = rand.nextInt(width);
int y = rand.nextInt(height);
g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1);//绘制1*1大小的矩形
}
//绘制验证码
int codeY = height-10;
g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246));
//Georgia 是个字体,如果想用中文要指定中文字体;eg:"宋体";
//g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fontSize));
g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, fontSize));
for(int i=0;i<codeLength;i++){
double deg=new Random().nextDouble()*20;
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5);
g.drawString(String.valueOf(securityCode.charAt(i)), i*16+5, codeY);
g.rotate(Math.toRadians(-deg), i*16+13,codeY-7.5);
}
g.dispose();//关闭资源
return image;
}
/**
* 创建验证码图片转为Base64
* @param code 验证码随机字符
* */
public static String careateImgBase64(String code) throws IOException {
//生成图片
BufferedImage image = createImage(code);
//创建io流
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
//写入流中
ImageIO.write(image, "png", baos);
//转换成字节
byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
//获取编码对象
Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
//获取base64编码字符串
String png_base64 = encoder.encodeToString(bytes);
//删除 \r\n
png_base64 = png_base64.replaceAll("\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "");
//ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", new File("D:/qrcode1.png"));
//System.out.println("值为:"+"data:image/png;base64,"+png_base64);
//返回字符串
String pngBase64="data:image/png;base64," + png_base64;
return pngBase64;
}
//测试
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
//获得随机字符
String securityCode = getSecurityCode();
//打印随机字符
System.out.println("===="+securityCode);
//生成图片
BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
//将生成的验证码图片以png(1.png)的格式输出到D盘 "D:\\1.png" == "D:/1.png"
ImageIO.write(image, "png", new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\5.png")));
/*//生成图片
BufferedImage image = createImage(securityCode);
//创建io流
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
//写入流中
ImageIO.write(image, "png", baos);
//转换成字节
byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
//获取编码对象
Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
//获取base64编码字符串
String png_base64 = encoder.encodeToString(bytes);
//删除 \r\n
png_base64 = png_base64.replaceAll("\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "");
//ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", new File("D:/qrcode1.png"));
//System.out.println("值为:"+"data:image/png;base64,"+png_base64);
//返回字符串
String pngBase64="data:image/png;base64," + png_base64;
System.out.println(pngBase64);*/
}
}