c++练习

此文章是学习c++语言所做的案例，包含c++基础所有的知识点，案例具体内容包含：

学习途径来源：哔哩哔哩_bilibili

• 最重小猪
• 猜数字
• 水仙花数
• 敲桌子
• 乘法口诀表
• 五只小猪称体重
• 数组元素逆置
• 冒泡排序
• 考试成绩统计
• 指针
• 结构体案例1
• 结构体案例2

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
//最重小猪
void pig_weight()
{
	int a,b,c;
	cout << "请输入第一只小猪的体重：" ;
	cin >> a ;
	cout << "请输入第二只小猪的体重：";
	cin >> b;
	cout << "请输入第三只小猪的体重：";
	cin >> c;
	int d=(a > b ? a : b)>c? (a > b ? a : b):c;
	if (d == a) {
		cout << "第一只小猪最重" <<d<< endl;
	}else if (d == b) {
		cout << "第二只小猪最重" <<d<< endl;
	}else if (d == c) {
		cout << "第三只小猪最重" <<d<< endl;
	}
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//猜数字
void guess_math() {
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	int num = rand()%100+1;
	int gm;
	cin >>gm;
	while (num != gm) {
		num > gm ?  cout << "小了" << endl : cout << "大了" << endl;
		cin >> gm;
	}
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//水仙花数
void narcissistic_number(){
	int num = 100;
	int sum = 0;

	do {
		int a, b, c;
		a = num % 10;
		b = (num / 10)%10;
		c = num / 100;
		sum = a * a * a + b * b * b + c * c * c;
		if (num == sum) {
			cout << num << "是水仙花数" << endl;
		}
		num++;
	} while (num < 1000);
	
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//敲桌子
void konck_table() {
	int i;
	for (i = 1; i < 100; i++) {
		if (i%7==0 || i/10==7 || i%10==7) {
			continue;
		}
		else {
			cout << i << endl;
		}
	}
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//乘法口诀表
void multiplication_table() {
	int i, j;
	for (i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
		for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
			cout << i << "x" << j << "=" << i * j << "\t";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//五只小猪称体重
void five_pig_weight() {
	int pig_weight[5]= { 300,350,500,400,250 };
	int max_weight = pig_weight[0];
	for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
		if (max_weight < pig_weight[i]) {
			max_weight = pig_weight[i];
		}
	}
	cout << "最重的小猪体重为:" << max_weight;
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//数组元素逆置
void array_element_inversion() {
	int array[5] = {1,3,2,5,4};
	int array1[5] = {};
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		array1[i] = array[4 - i];
		cout << array1[i] << endl;
	}
	//system("pause");
	//return 0;
}

//冒泡排序
void bubble_sorting() {
	int arr[9] = { 4,2,8,0,5,7,1,3,9 };
	cout << "重大到小排序:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 9-1; i++) {
		int a = 0 ;
		for (int j = i + 1; j < 9; j++) {
			if (arr[i] < arr[j]) {
				a = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[j];
				arr[j] = a;
			}
		}
		for (int z = 0; z < 9; z++) {
			cout << arr[z];
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
		cout << arr[i] << endl;
	}
	cout << "重小到大排序:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 9-1; i++) {
		int a = 0;
		for (int j = i + 1; j < 9; j++) {
			if (arr[i] > arr[j]) {
				a = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[j];
				arr[j] = a;
			}
		}
		for (int z = 0; z < 9; z++) {
			cout << arr[z];
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
		cout << arr[i] << endl;
	}
	cout << "冒泡排序" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 9 - 1; i++) {
		int a ;
		for (int j = 0; j < 9-1-i; j++) {
			if (arr[j] > arr[j+1]) {
				a = arr[j+1];
				arr[j+1] = arr[j];
				arr[j] = a;
			}
		}
		for (int z = 0; z < 9; z++) {
			cout << arr[z];
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
		cout << arr[i] << endl;
	}
	int arr3[][3] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 };
	cout << "总长度为"<<sizeof(arr3) / sizeof(arr3[0][0]) << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(arr3) / sizeof(arr3[0]) ; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < sizeof(arr3[0]) / sizeof(arr3[0][0]); j++) {
			cout << arr3[i][j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}

}

//考试成绩统计
int exam_score_statistics() {
	int score[3][3] = { {100,100,100},{90,50,100},{60,70,80} };
	string name[3] = { "张三","李四","王五" };
	cout << "\t语文\t" << "数学\t" << "英语\t" <<"总成绩\t" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		int sum = 0;
		cout << name[i] << "\t";
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
			sum += score[i][j];
			cout << score[i][j] << "\t";
		}
		cout <<sum<< endl;
	}
	//system("pause");
	return 0;
}

//指针
void pointer() {
	int a = 10;
	int b = 20;
	cout << "a的地址:" << &a << "\ta的值:" << a << endl;
	cout << "b的地址:" << &b << "\tb的值:" << b << endl;
	//常量指针指向的内存地址可以改变(值也会改成内存对应的值),但不能够对常量指针指向内存地址对应的值进行改变
	//指针常量不可以修改指向的内存地址,但能够修改内存地址对应的值
	//指针和变量都被const修饰的时候,内存地址和对应的值都不能被修改
	const int * p = &a;
	int * const p1 = &a;
	const int* const p2 = &a;
	p = &b;
	cout << "p的地址:" << p << "\tp的值:" << *p << endl;
	*p1 = b;
	cout << "p的地址:" << p << "\tp的值:" << *p << endl;
	cout << "p1的地址:" << p1 << "\tp1的值:" << *p1 << endl;
	cout << "p2的地址:" << p2 << "\tp2的值:" << *p2 << endl;
	cout << "a的地址:" << &a << "\ta的值:" << a << endl;
}

//老师结构体
struct Student {
	string name;
	int score=NULL;
};

//学生结构体
struct Teacher {
	string name;
	Student arr[5];
};

//打印信息
void print_information(struct Teacher t[]) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		cout << "老师姓名:" << t[i].name << "\t学生姓名" << "\t学生成绩" << endl;
		for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
			cout << "\t\t" << t[i].arr[j].name << "\t" << t[i].arr[j].score << endl;
		}
	}
}
//结构体案例1--teacher
void Structure_Case1() {
	Teacher t[3] ;
	Student s[3][5];
	string tea_name[3] = {"张三","李四","王五"};
	string stu_name[3][5];
	int stu_score[3][5];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
			stu_name[i][j] = tea_name[i] +"学生"+ to_string(j+1);
			stu_score[i][j] = (i + 2) * (j + 4) * 3;
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		t[i].name = tea_name[i];
		for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
			s[i][j].name = stu_name[i][j];
			s[i][j].score = stu_score[i][j];
			t[i].arr[j] = s[i][j];
		}
	}
	print_information(t);
}

//英雄结构体
struct Hero {
	string name;
	int age;
	string gender;
};

void Structure_Case2() {
	//Hero h1 = { "刘备", 23, "男" };
	//Hero h2 = { "关羽", 22 ,"男" };
	//Hero h3 = { "张飞", 20, "男" };
	//Hero h4 = { "赵云", 21, "男" };
	//Hero h5 = { "貂蝉", 19, "女" };
	Hero h[5] = {
		{"刘备",23,"男"},
		{"关羽",22,"男"},
		{"张飞",20,"男"},
		{"赵云",21,"男"},
		{"貂蝉",19,"女"},
	};
	//int arr[5] = { h1.age ,h2.age ,h3.age ,h4.age ,h5.age };
	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(h) / sizeof(h[0])-1; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < sizeof(h) / sizeof(h[0]) - 1 - i; j++) {
			if (h[j].age > h[j + 1].age) {
				Hero temp = h[j];
				h[j] = h[j + 1];
				h[j + 1] = temp;
			}

		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(h) / sizeof(h[0]); i++) {
		cout << h[i].name << "\t" << h[i].age << "\t" << h[i].gender << endl;
	}
}