2021-11-01

反射

java能够发射的前提:已经加载过这个类就可以通过类名来寻找这个类的所有相关信息

Class类

package com.max.day04;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person p=new Person();
        Class c0=p.getClass();
        Class c1=Person.class;
        try {
            Class c2=Class.forName("com.max.day04.Person");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
        ClassLoader cl=this.getClass().getClassLoader();
    Class c3;

    {
        try {
            c3 = cl.loadClass("Person");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

package com.max.day04;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Class clazz=Class.forName("com.max.day04.Student");
            Class superClazz= clazz.getSuperclass();
            System.out.println("父类："+superClazz.getName());
            Class[] interfaces=clazz.getInterfaces();
            for(Class c:interfaces){
                System.out.println("接口类："+c.getName());
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 Constructor[]cons=clazz.getConstructors();获取所有的公有方法
            for(Constructor c:cons){
                System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName());
                System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName()+"的修饰符号是："+c.getModifiers());
                Class[]paraClazz=c.getParameterTypes();
                for(Class pc:paraClazz){
                    System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName()+"的参数类型是："+pc.getTypeName());
                }
            }
            Constructor[]cons1=clazz.getDeclaredConstructors();//获取所有的公有、私有方法
            for(Constructor c:cons1){
                System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName());
                System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName()+"的修饰符号是："+c.getModifiers());
                Class[]paraClazz=c.getParameterTypes();
                for(Class pc:paraClazz){
                    System.out.println("构造方法名称："+c.getName()+"的参数类型是："+pc.getTypeName());
                }
            }

通过反射来构造类的对象

	try {
            Class clazz=Class.forName("com.max.day04.Student");
 		try {
                Object obj=clazz.newInstance();
                Student stu=(Student)obj;
                Constructor c=clazz.getConstructor(String.class);
                Student stu1=(Student) c.newInstance("第一中学");
                System.out.println(stu1.school);
                Constructor c1=clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class,int.class);
                c1.setAccessible(true)；//接触私有化的限制
                Student st2=(Student) c1.newInstance("张三",12);
                System.out.println(st2.name+" "+st2.age);

            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

//            Method[]ms=clazz.getMethods();
            Method[]ms=clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
            for(Method m:ms){
                System.out.println("方法名："+m.getName());
                System.out.println("返回值类型："+m.getReturnType());
                System.out.println("修饰符类型："+m.getModifiers()    );
               Class[]psc=m.getParameterTypes();
                if (psc!=null&&psc.length>0) {
                    for(Class pc:psc){
                        System.out.println("参数类型："+pc.getName());
                        System.out.println("===================================");
                    }
                }
            }

//           Field[] fs= clazz.getFields();
           Field[]fs=clazz.getDeclaredFields();
           for(Field f:fs){
               System.out.println("修饰符类型："+f.getModifiers());
               System.out.println("属性类型："+f.getType());
               System.out.println("属性名称："+f.getName());
               System.out.println("================================");

           }

类的所在的包

 Package P=clazz.getPackage();
            System.out.println(P.getName());

Constructor c=clazz.getConstructor();
Object obj=c.newInstance();
Method m= clazz.getMethod("setInfo", String.class, String.class);
m.invoke(obj,"第一中学","张三");
Method m1=clazz.getDeclaredMethod("test", String.class);
m1.setAccessible(true)  ;
m1.invoke(obj,"奥特曼");

 			Constructor cons=clazz.getConstructor();
            Student stu=(Student) cons.newInstance();
            Field f=clazz.getField("school");
            f.set(stu,"第一中学");
            String School=(String) f.get(stu);
            System.out.println(School);
            Field f1=clazz.getDeclaredField("privateField");
            f1.setAccessible(true);
            f1.set(stu,"测试私有属性");
            System.out.println(f1.get(stu));

定义一个接口类
public interface ITestDemo {
    void test01();
    void test02();
}
定义一个类去实现接口
public class ITestDemIm implements ITestDemo{
    @Override
    public void test01() {
        System.out.println("执行test01()方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void test02() {
        System.out.println("执行test02()方法");

    }
}
定义一个动态代理类并实现InvocationHandler接口
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class PeoxyDemo implements InvocationHandler {
    Object obj;
    public PeoxyDemo(Object obj){
        this.obj=obj;
    }
    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println(method.getName()+"方法开始执行");
        Object result=method.invoke(this.obj ,args);
        System.out.println(method.getName()+"方法执行完毕");
        return result;
    }
}
测试
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ITestDemo test=new ITestDemIm();
        test.test01();
        test.test02();
        System.out.println("======================");
        InvocationHandler handler=new PeoxyDemo(test);
        ITestDemo t=(ITestDemo) Proxy.newProxyInstance(handler.getClass().getClassLoader(), test.getClass().getInterfaces(),handler);
        t.test01();
        System.out.println("-----------------------------");
        t.test02();
    }
}