Java 网络编程

目录

一、IP地址

二、UDP协议

三、TCP协议

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一、IP地址

import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        String ip = "10.201.48.159";
        String host = "localhost";
        //IP地址包装类
        InetAddress Inet = InetAddress.getByName(host);
        System.out.println(Inet);

        System.out.println(Inet.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(Inet.getHostName());
    }
}

二、UDP协议

接收方

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class Receiver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建socket对象,需输入接收端口
        DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(1888);
        byte[] bys = new byte[1024];
        //创建数据报对象
        DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bys,bys.length);
        while(true) {
            //等待接受数据报
            ds.receive(dp);
            //数据报拆解
            System.out.println("接受数据为：" + new String(dp.getData(), 0, dp.getLength()));
        }
    }
}

发送方

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Sender {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        //创建socket对象，是通信工具
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        String line;
        while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
            //end就结束
            if("end".equals(line)) {
                break;
            }
            byte[] bys = line.getBytes();
            //封装udp数据报包
            DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bys,bys.length,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),1888);
            //发送数据报
            socket.send(dp);
        }
        //关闭对象
        socket.close();
    }
}

三、TCP协议

服务端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ReceivedThread extends Thread {
    private Socket accept;

    public ReceivedThread(Socket accept) {
        this.accept = accept;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            //文件名查重
            int num = 2;
            File file = new File("E:/Study/" + num + ".txt");
            while(file.exists() == true){
                num += 1;
                file = new File("E:/Study/" + num + ".txt");
            }

            //创建高效字符输出流
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));

            //读取socket输入流内容写入字符输出流
            String line;
            while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
                bw.write(line);
                bw.newLine();
                bw.flush();
            }
            System.out.println("接受文件成功");

            //反馈客户端
            BufferedWriter bw2 = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));
            bw2.write("上传文件成功");
            bw2.newLine();
            bw2.flush();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try{
                //若创造了字符输出流则关闭，并GC回收
                if(bw != null){
                    bw.close();
                    bw = null;
                }
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                //若以创造了Socket对象则关闭，并GC回收
                try {
                    if (accept != null) {
                        accept.close();
                        accept = null;
                    }
                }catch (IOException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Receiver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务端socket套接字对象
        ServerSocket serve = new ServerSocket(1888);
        //接受到一个请求就打开一个服务线程
        while (true){
            Socket accept = serve.accept();
            new ReceivedThread(accept).start();
        }
    }
}

客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Sender {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建Socket对象
        Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1",1888);
        //创建字符输入流对象
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("E:/Study/1.txt"));
        //将socket输出流用高效输出流封装
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream()));

        //读取文件并写入socke输出流
        String line;
        while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
            bw.write(line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }

        //输出结束,告知服务端
        client.shutdownOutput();
        //接受服务端反馈
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
        String answer = br.readLine();
        System.out.println(answer);
    }
}