安装MySQL（Yum方式安装)

安装MySQL（Yum方式安装)

#设置主机名 本次安装5.7版本
 hostnamectl --static set-hostname mysql
 #查看内核
 [root@mysql ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
 CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 

根据你OS的版本去官网上寻找所需rpm包

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

• yum存储库安装

  yum -y install wget
  
  wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
  
  yum install mysql80-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm -y
  
  #yum源查看
  [root@mysql ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ | grep mysql
  mysql-community-debuginfo.repo
  mysql-community.repo
  mysql-community-source.repo
  #支持多个版本
  [root@mysql ~]#  yum repolist all | grep mysql
  mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64           MySQL Cluster 7.5 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source           MySQL Cluster 7.5 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64           MySQL Cluster 7.6 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source           MySQL Cluster 7.6 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-8.0-community/x86_64           MySQL Cluster 8.0 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-8.0-community-debuginfo/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 8.0 Comm 禁用
  mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source           MySQL Cluster 8.0 Comm 禁用
  mysql-connectors-community/x86_64            MySQL Connectors Commu 启用:    220
  mysql-connectors-community-debuginfo/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Commu 禁用
  mysql-connectors-community-source            MySQL Connectors Commu 禁用
  mysql-tools-community/x86_64                 MySQL Tools Community  启用:     98
  mysql-tools-community-debuginfo/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community  禁用
  mysql-tools-community-source                 MySQL Tools Community  禁用
  mysql-tools-preview/x86_64                   MySQL Tools Preview    禁用
  mysql-tools-preview-source                   MySQL Tools Preview -  禁用
  mysql57-community/x86_64                     MySQL 5.7 Community Se 禁用
  mysql57-community-source                     MySQL 5.7 Community Se 禁用
  mysql80-community/x86_64                     MySQL 8.0 Community Se 启用:    405
  mysql80-community-debuginfo/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Se 禁用
  mysql80-community-source                     MySQL 8.0 Community Se 禁用
  
          
  #安装yum工具包
  yum -y install yum-utils
  #禁用8.0 开启5.7
  yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
  
  yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
  
  [root@mysql ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
  mysql-connectors-community/x86_64       MySQL Connectors Community           220
  mysql-tools-community/x86_64            MySQL Tools Community                 98
  mysql57-community/x86_64                MySQL 5.7 Community Server           660
  
  

• 安装mysql

   yum -y install mysql-community-server mysql   #安装mysql客户端 服务端
   
   
   #开启mysql 设置开机自启
   systemctl start mysqld
   systemctl enable mysqld
   
   #查看安装
   ls /var/lib/mysql
   #查看mysql状态
   [root@mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
  ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since 一 2023-06-12 11:11:12 EDT; 43s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
   Main PID: 50360 (mysqld)
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─50360 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
  
  6月 12 11:11:07 mysql systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
  6月 12 11:11:12 mysql systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
  #查看初始密码
  [root@mysql ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
  2023-06-12T15:11:08.867826Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 8s*e9<_d=SI&
  
  #初次登录mysql
  [root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p'8s*e9<_d=SI&'
  
  

• 修改密码，设置权限

  mysql> show databases;
  ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.  --必须重新设置密码
  
  --设置密码 符合规则 包含大小写数字特殊符号不低于8位
  mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Rkun18.mysql';
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> show databases;
  +--------------------+
  | Database           |
  +--------------------+
  | information_schema |
  | mysql              |
  | performance_schema |
  | sys                |
  +--------------------+
  4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  --创建一个用户 设置密码并授权
  mysql> grant select,drop,insert on *.* to 'rkun18'@'localhost' identified by 'Rkun18.mysql';
  Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
  
  --查看用户
  mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
  +---------------+-----------+
  | user          | host      |
  +---------------+-----------+
  | mysql.session | localhost |
  | mysql.sys     | localhost |
  | rkun18        | localhost |
  | root          | localhost |
  +---------------+-----------+
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  --刷新权限列表
  mysql> flush privileges;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  --查看用户权限
  mysql> show grants for 'rkun18'@'localhost';
  +-----------------------------------------------------------+
  | Grants for rkun18@localhost                               |
  +-----------------------------------------------------------+
  | GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DROP ON *.* TO 'rkun18'@'localhost' |
  +-----------------------------------------------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)