第4章---初始化UI控件(UI架构搭建)

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 16:34:15 发布

楚江_wog1st

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 16:34:15 发布

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文章标签： ue5 c++ 游戏

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51940803/article/details/136514243

版权

文章详细描述了RPG游戏中ARPGGamePlayerCharacter类中的AbilitySystemComponent如何在构造函数和OnRep_PlayerState事件中进行初始化，并与PlayerState、AbilitySystemComponent、AttributeSet以及UI组件如Hud和WidgetController进行交互，特别是初始化UI的过程。

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文件结构：

更改文件将高亮显示

Source

Private
- AbilitySystemComponen
  - RPGAbilitySystemComponent.cpp
  - RPGAttributeSet.cpp
- Character
  - PGGameCharacterBase.cpp
  - RPGGameEnemy.cpp
  - RPGGamePlayerCharacter.cpp
- Game
  - RPGGameModeBase.cpp
- Interaction
  - EnemyInterface.cpp
- Player
  - RPGPlayerController.cpp
  - RPGPlayerState.cpp
- Actor
  - RPGEffectActor.cpp
- UI
  - HUD
    - RPGHUD.cpp
  - WidgetController
    - OverlayWidgetController.cpp
    - RPGWidgetController.cpp
  - Widgets
    - RPGUserWidget.cpp
Public
- AbilitySystemComponent
  - RPGAbilitySystemComponent.h
  - RPGAttributeSet.h
- Character
  - RPGGameCharacterBase.h
  - RPGGameEnemy.h
  - RPGGamePlayerCharacter.h
- Game
  - RPGGameModeBase.h
- Interaction
  - EnemyInterface.h
- Player
  - RPGPlayerController.h
  - RPGPlayerState.h
- Actor
  - RPGEffectActor.h
- UI
  - HUD
    - RPGHUD.h
  - WidgetController
    - OverlayWidgetController.h
    - RPGWidgetController.h
  - Widgets
    - RPGUserWidget.h

文件表述：

RPGGamePlayerCharacter

.cpp文件

在InitAbilityActorInfo()函数中

// Copyright KimiLiu


#include "Character\RPGGamePlayerCharacter.h"

#include "GameFramework/CharacterMovementComponent.h"
#include "Player/RPGPlayerController.h"
#include "Player/RPGPlayerState.h"
#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"

ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::ARPGGamePlayerCharacter()
{
	//角色始终面向移动方向
	GetCharacterMovement()->bOrientRotationToMovement = true;
	GetCharacterMovement()->RotationRate = FRotator(0.f, 400.f, 0.f);
	GetCharacterMovement()->bConstrainToPlane = true;//将运动约束在平面上

	//角色不会面向控制器的方向
	bUseControllerRotationPitch = false;
	bUseControllerRotationRoll = false;
	bUseControllerRotationYaw = false;
}

void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::PossessedBy(AController* NewController)
{
	Super::PossessedBy(NewController);

	// Init ability actor info for the Sever
	InitAbilityActorInfo();
}

void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::OnRep_PlayerState()
{
	Super::OnRep_PlayerState();

	// Init ability actor info for the Client
	InitAbilityActorInfo();
}

void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::InitAbilityActorInfo()
{
	//获取PlayerState对象，调用InitAbilityActorInfo()将类自身设置为AvatarActor
	ARPGPlayerState* RPGPlayerState = GetPlayerState<ARPGPlayerState>();
	check(RPGPlayerState);
	RPGPlayerState->GetAbilitySystemComponent()->InitAbilityActorInfo(RPGPlayerState, this);
	
	//不在构造器内初始化，而是在被分配了Controller后将Controller内的AbilitySystemComponent和AttributeSet赋值给当前对象
	AbilitySystemComponent = RPGPlayerState->GetAbilitySystemComponent();
	AttributeSet = RPGPlayerState->GetAttributeSet();

	//通过player获取控制器，再获得HUD(HUD是控制器的一个参数，参考源码)再调用InitOverlay()对UI进行初始化
	if(ARPGPlayerController* RPGplayerController = Cast<ARPGPlayerController>(GetController()))
	{
		if(ARPGHUD* RPGHud = Cast<ARPGHUD>(RPGplayerController->GetHUD()))
		{
			RPGHud->InitOverlay(RPGplayerController, RPGPlayerState, AbilitySystemComponent, AttributeSet);
		}
	}
}

RPGHUD

HUD文件初始化

.h文件

// Copyright KimiLiu

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/HUD.h"
#include "RPGHUD.generated.h"

class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;
struct FWidgetControllerParams;
class UOverlayWidgetController;
class URPGUserWidget;
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API ARPGHUD : public AHUD
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

public:
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr<URPGUserWidget> OverlayWidget;
    
    UOverlayWidgetController* GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);

    //初始化UI(基本上所有的UI)
    void InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS);


private:
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf<URPGUserWidget> OverlayWidgetClass;

    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr<UOverlayWidgetController> OverlayWidgetController;

    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf<UOverlayWidgetController> OverlayWidgetControllerClass;
    
};

.cpp文件

// Copyright KimiLiu


#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"

#include "UI/WidgetController/OverlayWidgetController.h"
#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"

//获取控件控制器，这个控制器不能是空的，如果是空的，那么就生成一个控制器，如果已经存在，那么就返回控制器
UOverlayWidgetController* ARPGHUD::GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    if (OverlayWidgetController == nullptr)
    {
       OverlayWidgetController = NewObject<UOverlayWidgetController>(this, OverlayWidgetControllerClass);
       OverlayWidgetController->SetWidgetControllerParams(WCParams);
       OverlayWidgetController->BindCallbacksToDependences();
       
       return OverlayWidgetController;
    }
    return OverlayWidgetController;
}

void ARPGHUD::InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
{
    //确保UI控件类和UI控件控制器类都设置了，不为空
    checkf(OverlayWidgetClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    checkf(OverlayWidgetControllerClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Controller Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));

    //创建控件，注意不是URPGWidget
    UUserWidget* Widget = CreateWidget<UUserWidget>(GetWorld(), OverlayWidgetClass);

    //转变类同时赋值给OverlayWidget，将这个控件变成根UI
    OverlayWidget = Cast<URPGUserWidget>(Widget);
    
    //创建一个UI控件控制器
    const FWidgetControllerParams WidgetControllerParams(PC,PS,ASC,AS);
    UOverlayWidgetController* WidgetController = GetOverlayWidgetController(WidgetControllerParams);
    
    //将根UI的控件控制器设为WidgetController
    OverlayWidget->SetWidgetController(WidgetController);
    WidgetController->BroadcastInitialValues();

    //显示控件
    Widget->AddToViewport();
}

OverlayWidgetController

.h文件

// Copyright KimiLiu

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/HUD.h"
#include "RPGHUD.generated.h"

class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;
struct FWidgetControllerParams;
class UOverlayWidgetController;
class URPGUserWidget;
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API ARPGHUD : public AHUD
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

public:
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr<URPGUserWidget> OverlayWidget;
    
    UOverlayWidgetController* GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);

    //初始化UI(基本上所有的UI)
    void InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS);


private:
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf<URPGUserWidget> OverlayWidgetClass;

    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr<UOverlayWidgetController> OverlayWidgetController;

    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf<UOverlayWidgetController> OverlayWidgetControllerClass;
    
};

.cpp文件

// Copyright KimiLiu


#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"

#include "UI/WidgetController/OverlayWidgetController.h"
#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"

//获取控件控制器，这个控制器不能是空的，如果是空的，那么就生成一个控制器，如果已经存在，那么就返回控制器
UOverlayWidgetController* ARPGHUD::GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    if (OverlayWidgetController == nullptr)
    {
       OverlayWidgetController = NewObject<UOverlayWidgetController>(this, OverlayWidgetControllerClass);
       OverlayWidgetController->SetWidgetControllerParams(WCParams);
       OverlayWidgetController->BindCallbacksToDependences();
       
       return OverlayWidgetController;
    }
    return OverlayWidgetController;
}

void ARPGHUD::InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
{
    //确保UI控件类和UI控件控制器类都设置了，不为空
    checkf(OverlayWidgetClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    checkf(OverlayWidgetControllerClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Controller Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));

    //创建控件，注意不是URPGWidget
    UUserWidget* Widget = CreateWidget<UUserWidget>(GetWorld(), OverlayWidgetClass);

    //转变类同时赋值给OverlayWidget，将这个控件变成根UI
    OverlayWidget = Cast<URPGUserWidget>(Widget);
    
    //创建一个UI控件控制器
    const FWidgetControllerParams WidgetControllerParams(PC,PS,ASC,AS);
    UOverlayWidgetController* WidgetController = GetOverlayWidgetController(WidgetControllerParams);
    
    //将根UI的控件控制器设为WidgetController
    OverlayWidget->SetWidgetController(WidgetController);
    WidgetController->BroadcastInitialValues();

    //显示控件
    Widget->AddToViewport();
}

RPGWidgetController

.h文件

// Copyright KimiLiu

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "RPGWidgetController.generated.h"

class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;



// 创建一个新的结构体，用来存储WidgetController的所有参数信息，包含控制器，玩家状态，ASC，AS
USTRUCT(BlueprintType)
struct FWidgetControllerParams
{
    GENERATED_BODY();

    //无参构造
    FWidgetControllerParams(){}

    //带参构造
    FWidgetControllerParams(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
    : PlayerController(PC), PlayerState(PS), AbilitySystemComponent(ASC), AttributeSet(AS){}

    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr<APlayerController> PlayerController = nullptr;

    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr<APlayerState> PlayerState = nullptr;

    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr<UAbilitySystemComponent> AbilitySystemComponent = nullptr;
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr<UAttributeSet> AttributeSet = nullptr;
    
};

/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API URPGWidgetController : public UObject
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

public:
    //设置控制器，玩家状态，ASC，AS
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
    void SetWidgetControllerParams(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);
    //虚函数，用于初始化时通知UI更新显示
    virtual void BroadcastInitialValues();
    //虚函数，用于绑定UI控件更新事件
    virtual void BindCallbacksToDependences();


protected:
    
    
    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr<APlayerController> PlayerController;

    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr<APlayerState> PlayerState;

    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr<UAbilitySystemComponent> AbilitySystemComponent;

    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr<UAttributeSet> AttributeSet;
    
};

.cpp文件

// Copyright KimiLiu


#include "UI/WidgetController/RPGWidgetController.h"

void URPGWidgetController::SetWidgetControllerParams(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    PlayerController = WCParams.PlayerController;
    PlayerState = WCParams.PlayerState;
    AbilitySystemComponent = WCParams.AbilitySystemComponent;
    AttributeSet = WCParams.AttributeSet;
}

void URPGWidgetController::BroadcastInitialValues()
{
    
}

void URPGWidgetController::BindCallbacksToDependences()
{
    
}

RPGUserWidget

.h文件

// Copyright KimiLiu

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Blueprint/UserWidget.h"
#include "RPGUserWidget.generated.h"

/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API URPGUserWidget : public UUserWidget
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

public:
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
	void SetWidgetController(UObject* InWidgetController);
	
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly)
	TObjectPtr<UObject> WidgetController;

protected:
	/** 当该控件的WidgetController被设置时，该函数将会被调用
	* 根UI会被调用WidgetControllerSet，在蓝图内调用SetWidgetController，子类蓝图的WidgetControllerSet又会被调用，可以视为一个树状
	* 的结构，所有子类都会被调用到这个函数
	*/
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintImplementableEvent)
	void WidgetControllerSet();
	
};

.cpp文件

// Copyright KimiLiu


#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"

void URPGUserWidget::SetWidgetController(UObject* InWidgetController)
{
	WidgetController = InWidgetController;
	WidgetControllerSet();
}