android——使用Recycleview去展示一个列表（瀑布流方法）

android——使用Recycleview去展示一个列表（瀑布流方法）

瀑布流方法，StaggeredGridLayoutManager
是在列表的基础上进行的一个拓展，加了些注释

布局文件如下：

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

recycler_view.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

fruit_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="100dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />

</LinearLayout>

接下来是类：

MainActivity.java

package com.example.recyclerviewtext;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits();
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);

        //调用LinearLayoutManager的setOrientation()方法来设置布局的排列方向，默认是纵向排列
        //LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL让布局横向排列
//        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager=new LinearLayoutManager(this);
//        layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

        //瀑布流方法：创建了一个StaggeredGridLayoutManager实例，接收两个参数
        //一个是指定布局的列数，一个是指定布局的排列方向
        StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);//创建好的实例设置到recyclerView当中
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    //每个水果调用getRandomLengthName()方法来实现
    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"), R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"), R.drawable.banana_pic);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"), R.drawable.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit watermelon = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"), R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"), R.drawable.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear);
            Fruit grape = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Grape"), R.drawable.grape_pic);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"), R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"), R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Cherry"), R.drawable.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Mango"), R.drawable.mango_pic);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }

    //getRandomLengthName()方法使用Random对象创建1到20之间的随机数
    private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
        Random random = new Random();
        int length = random.nextInt(20) + 1;
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            builder.append(name);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

}

Fruit.java

package com.example.recyclerviewtext;

public class Fruit {

    private String name;

    private int imageId;

    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }

}

设置适配器

FruitAdapter.java

package com.example.recyclerviewtext;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.List;

//新建的FruitAdapter类，继承自RecyclerView.Adapter
//ViewHolder是在FruitAdapter定义的一个内部类
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;//全局变量mFruitList

    //内部类ViewHolder继承自RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        View fruitView;//新增注册点击事件，添加fruitView变量保存子项最外层实例
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            fruitView = view;//新增注册点击事件，赋值
            fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }

    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }//给全局变量mFruitList赋值

    //重写onCreateViewHolder()方法，创建ViewHolder实例
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);//加载fruit_item布局，创建ViewHolder实例
        final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);//类是final的，那么其中所有的成员方法都无法进行覆盖重写
        //获得用户点击的position，通过position拿到相应的Fruit实例，再使用Toast弹出不同的内容
        //点击事件1：点击文字
        holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "你点击了文字 " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        //点击事件2：点击图片
        holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "你点击了图片 " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        return holder;//将ViewHolder的实例返回
    }

    //重写onBindViewHolder()方法
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }
    //重写getItemCount()方法
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();
    }

}

还是一样的res/drawable中的图片按需要寻找

最终的效果图：