代码随想录打卡Day13

今天正式进入二叉树环节,感觉好久没碰二叉树了,上次碰二叉树还是大二的时候。今天收获还是挺多的。

二叉树的递归遍历

递归遍历的代码很简洁,但是第一次写的时候还是有点生疏,看了下视频马上做出来了。

二叉树前序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        TreeNode* current = root;
        Traversal(current, result);
        return result;
    }
    void Traversal(TreeNode* current, vector<int> &result){
        if(!current)
            return ;
        result.push_back(current -> val);   //存入根节点
        Traversal(current -> left, result);   //遍历左孩子节点
        Traversal(current -> right, result);  //遍历右孩子节点
    }
};

二叉树中序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        TreeNode* current = root;
        Traversal(current, result);
        return result;
    }
    void Traversal(TreeNode* current, vector<int> &result){
        if(!current)
            return ;
        Traversal(current -> left, result);  //遍历左孩子节点
        result.push_back(current -> val);
        Traversal(current -> right, result);  //遍历右孩子节点
    }
};

二叉树后序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        TreeNode* current = root;
        Traversal(current, result);
        return result;
    }
    void Traversal(TreeNode* current, vector<int> &result){
        if(!current)
            return ;
        Traversal(current -> left, result);   //遍历左孩子节点
        Traversal(current -> right, result);  //遍历右孩子节点
        result.push_back(current -> val);
    }
};

二叉树的非递归遍历(非统一)

这个确实没学过,直接看视频,我在看完视频就感觉这个前序后序和中序代码风格不统一很难受,所以这个非统一的方法我并不打算重点掌握,看完视频以后自己敲出来就是了。

二叉树前序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        // TreeNode* current = root;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        stk.push(root);  //将根节点存入栈中
        while(!stk.empty()){
            TreeNode* node = stk.top();
            stk.pop();
            if(node != NULL)
                result.push_back(node -> val);
            else continue;
            stk.push(node -> right);
            stk.push(node -> left);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

二叉树中序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        TreeNode* node = root;
        while(node != NULL || !stk.empty()){
            if(node != NULL){  //不为空则将节点压入栈中
                stk.push(node);
                node = node -> left;
            }
            else{   //为空则将上一级根节点弹出栈
                node = stk.top();
                stk.pop();
                result.push_back(node -> val);
                node = node -> right;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

};

二叉树后序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        stk.push(root);
        while(!stk.empty()){
            TreeNode* node = stk.top();
            stk.pop();
            if(node != NULL)
                result.push_back(node -> val);
            else continue;
            stk.push(node -> left);
            stk.push(node -> right);
        }
        reverse(result.begin(), result.end());
        return result;
    }
};

二叉树的非递归遍历(统一)

我觉得这种统一的代码写法比较优美,需要重点掌握。这个没有视频教程,我直接对着代码啃的,感觉用统一方式实现三种遍历,核心在于node始终对应根节点,当根节点并未处理而只是访问时,一定要先弹出,根据遍历顺序将对应节点压入栈中,再重新只有在压入根节点时要额外压入一个NULL,在本次循环中,左右孩子节点无需压入NULL(因为在下次循环中,左右孩子节点会变成根节点)。

二叉树前序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        if(root != NULL)
            stk.push(root);
        while(!stk.empty()){
            TreeNode* node = stk.top();  //node始终代表某一层的根节点
            if(node != NULL){
                stk.pop();
                if(node -> right) stk.push(node -> right);  //右孩子节点压栈
                if(node -> left) stk.push(node -> left);   //左孩子节点压栈
                stk.push(node);   //根节点压栈
                stk.push(NULL);
            }
            else{  //遇到空节点,将栈内的数据弹出,存入数组
                stk.pop();
                result.push_back(stk.top() -> val);
                stk.pop();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
};

二叉树中序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        if(root != NULL)
            stk.push(root);
        while(!stk.empty()){
            TreeNode* node = stk.top();  //node始终代表某一层的根节点
            if(node != NULL){
                stk.pop();
                if(node -> right) stk.push(node -> right);  //右孩子节点压栈
                stk.push(node);   //根节点压栈
                stk.push(NULL);
                if(node -> left) stk.push(node -> left);   //左孩子节点压栈
            }
            else{  //遇到空节点,将栈内的数据弹出,存入数组
                stk.pop();
                result.push_back(stk.top() -> val);
                stk.pop();
            }
            
        }
        return result;
    }
};

二叉树后序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;
        if(root != NULL)
            stk.push(root);
        while(!stk.empty()){
            TreeNode* node = stk.top();  //node始终代表某一层的根节点
            if(node != NULL){
                stk.pop();
                stk.push(node);   //根节点压栈
                stk.push(NULL);
                if(node -> right) stk.push(node -> right);  //右孩子节点压栈
                if(node -> left) stk.push(node -> left);   //左孩子节点压栈

            }
            else{  //遇到空节点,将栈内的数据弹出,存入数组
                stk.pop();
                result.push_back(stk.top() -> val);
                stk.pop();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
};

层序遍历

今天时间有限,层序遍历以前也确实没学过,看完视频刷了一道题就不打算做了,剩下的题明天补上。

102. 二叉树的层序遍历

主要借助队列来实现层序遍历,注意要用一个变量来维护当前层的待删除节点个数,不能直接用queue.size()来判断。其他的还挺简单的,看完一遍视频就把代码写出来了。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrder(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);  //根节点不为空才入队
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            vector<int> temp;
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                temp.push_back(My_Queue.front() -> val);
                My_Queue.pop();
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

太累了,下播。

今天是8月27号,把层序遍历的剩余9道题都刷完了,程序的框架都大差不差,思路也很好想,没啥说的。直接贴代码。

107. 二叉树的层序遍历 II

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            vector<int> temp;
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp);
        }
        reverse(result.begin(), result.end());
        return result;
    }
};

199. 二叉树的右视图

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> rightSideView(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        vector<vector<int>> temp_result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp[temp.size() - 1]);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

637. 二叉树的层平均值

class Solution {
public:
    vector<double> averageOfLevels(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<double> result;
        vector<vector<int>> temp_result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            long int sum = 0;
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                sum += node -> val;
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(sum / (double)temp.size());
        }
        return result;
    }
};

429.N叉树的层序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrder(Node* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> result;
        queue<Node*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                Node* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                for(Node* Child : node -> children){
                    if(Child) My_Queue.push(Child);
                }
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

515.在每个树行中找最大值

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> largestValues(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(*max_element(temp.begin(), temp.end()));
        }
        return result;
    }
};

116. 填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针

class Solution {
public:
    Node* connect(Node* root) {
        Node* result = root;
        queue<Node*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            // vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                Node* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                if(size > 1)  
                    node -> next = My_Queue.front();
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            // result.push_back(temp[temp.size() - 1]);
        }
        return result;
    }
};

117. 填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针 II

class Solution {
public:
    Node* connect(Node* root) {
        Node* result = root;
        queue<Node*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                Node* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                if(size > 1)  
                    node -> next = My_Queue.front();
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
};

104. 二叉树的最大深度

class Solution {
public:
    int maxDepth(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp);
        }
        return result.size();
    }
};

111. 二叉树的最小深度

class Solution {
public:
    int minDepth(TreeNode* root) {
        int count = 0;
        vector<vector<int>> result;
        queue<TreeNode*> My_Queue;
        if(root) My_Queue.push(root);
        while(!My_Queue.empty()){
            vector<int> temp;
            count++;
            int size = My_Queue.size();
            while(size > 0){
                TreeNode* node = My_Queue.front();
                My_Queue.pop();
                temp.push_back(node -> val);
                if(node -> left) My_Queue.push(node -> left);
                if(node -> right) My_Queue.push(node -> right);
                if(!node -> left && !node -> right) return count;
                size--;
            }
            result.push_back(temp);
        }
        return count;
    }
};
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