thymeleaf快速入门
Thymeleaf - 视图模板技术
1) 添加thymeleaf的jar包
2) 新建一个Servlet类ViewBaseServlet
3) 在web.xml文件中添加配置
- 配置视图前缀 view-prefix
- 配置视图后缀 view-suffix
4) 使得我们的Servlet继承ViewBaseServlet
5) 根据逻辑视图名称 得到 物理视图名称
//此处的视图名称是 index
//那么thymeleaf会将这个 逻辑视图名称 对应到 物理视图 名称上去
//逻辑视图名称 : index
//物理视图名称 : view-prefix + 逻辑视图名称 + view-suffix
//所以真实的视图名称是: / index .html
super.processTemplate("index",request,response);
6) 使用thymeleaf的标签
th:if , th:unless , th:each , th:text
使用thymeleaf渲染index页面
Fruit 类
public class Fruit {
private Integer fid ;
private String fname ;
private Integer price ;
private Integer fcount ;
private String remark ;
public Fruit(){}
public Fruit(Integer fid, String fname, Integer price, Integer fcount, String remark) {
this.fid = fid;
this.fname = fname;
this.price = price;
this.fcount = fcount;
this.remark = remark;
}
public Integer getFid() {
return fid;
}
public void setFid(Integer fid) {
this.fid = fid;
}
public String getFname() {
return fname;
}
public void setFname(String fname) {
this.fname = fname;
}
public Integer getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Integer price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Integer getFcount() {
return fcount;
}
public void setFcount(Integer fcount) {
this.fcount = fcount;
}
public String getRemark() {
return remark;
}
public void setRemark(String remark) {
this.remark = remark;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return fid + "\t\t" + fname + "\t\t" + price +"\t\t" + fcount +"\t\t" + remark ;
}
}
BaseDAO<T> 类
public abstract class BaseDAO<T> {
public final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" ;
public final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/fruitdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false";
public final String USER = "root";
public final String PWD = "123456";
protected Connection conn ;
protected PreparedStatement psmt ;
protected ResultSet rs ;
//T的Class对象
private Class entityClass ;
public BaseDAO(){
//getClass() 获取Class对象,当前我们执行的是new FruitDAOImpl() , 创建的是FruitDAOImpl的实例
//那么子类构造方法内部首先会调用父类(BaseDAO)的无参构造方法
//因此此处的getClass()会被执行,但是getClass获取的是FruitDAOImpl的Class
//所以getGenericSuperclass()获取到的是BaseDAO的Class
Type genericType = getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
//ParameterizedType 参数化类型
Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) genericType).getActualTypeArguments();
//获取到的<T>中的T的真实的类型
Type actualType = actualTypeArguments[0];
try {
entityClass = Class.forName(actualType.getTypeName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//获取连接
protected Connection getConn(){
try {
//1.加载驱动
Class.forName(DRIVER);
//2.通过驱动管理器获取连接对象
return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PWD);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null ;
}
protected void close(ResultSet rs , PreparedStatement psmt , Connection conn){
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
}
if(psmt!=null){
psmt.close();
}
if(conn!=null && !conn.isClosed()){
conn.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//给sql语句中的占位符传值
private void setParams(PreparedStatement psmt , Object... params) throws SQLException {
if(params!=null && params.length>0){
for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
psmt.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
}
}
}
//执行更新,返回影响行数
protected int executeUpdate(String sql , Object... params){
boolean insertFlag = false ;
insertFlag = sql.trim().toUpperCase().startsWith("INSERT");
try {
conn = getConn();
if(insertFlag){
psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
}else {
psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
}
setParams(psmt,params);
int count = psmt.executeUpdate() ;
if(insertFlag){
rs = psmt.getGeneratedKeys();
if(rs.next()){
return ((Long)rs.getLong(1)).intValue();
}
}
return count ;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
close(rs,psmt,conn);
}
return 0;
}
//通过反射技术给obj对象的property属性赋propertyValue值
private void setValue(Object obj , String property , Object propertyValue){
Class clazz = obj.getClass();
try {
//获取property这个字符串对应的属性名 , 比如 "fid" 去找 obj对象中的 fid 属性
Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(property);
if(field!=null){
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj,propertyValue);
}
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//执行复杂查询,返回例如统计结果
protected Object[] executeComplexQuery(String sql , Object... params){
try {
conn = getConn() ;
psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
setParams(psmt,params);
rs = psmt.executeQuery();
//通过rs可以获取结果集的元数据
//元数据:描述结果集数据的数据 , 简单讲,就是这个结果集有哪些列,什么类型等等
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
//获取结果集的列数
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
Object[] columnValueArr = new Object[columnCount];
//6.解析rs
if(rs.next()){
for(int i = 0 ; i<columnCount;i++){
Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i+1); //33 苹果 5
columnValueArr[i]=columnValue;
}
return columnValueArr ;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(rs,psmt,conn);
}
return null ;
}
//执行查询,返回单个实体对象
protected T load(String sql , Object... params){
try {
conn = getConn() ;
psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
setParams(psmt,params);
rs = psmt.executeQuery();
//通过rs可以获取结果集的元数据
//元数据:描述结果集数据的数据 , 简单讲,就是这个结果集有哪些列,什么类型等等
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
//获取结果集的列数
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
//6.解析rs
if(rs.next()){
T entity = (T)entityClass.newInstance();
for(int i = 0 ; i<columnCount;i++){
String columnName = rsmd.getColumnName(i+1); //fid fname price
Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i+1); //33 苹果 5
setValue(entity,columnName,columnValue);
}
return entity ;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(rs,psmt,conn);
}
return null ;
}
//执行查询,返回List
protected List<T> executeQuery(String sql , Object... params){
List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
conn = getConn() ;
psmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
setParams(psmt,params);
rs = psmt.executeQuery();
//通过rs可以获取结果集的元数据
//元数据:描述结果集数据的数据 , 简单讲,就是这个结果集有哪些列,什么类型等等
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
//获取结果集的列数
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
//6.解析rs
while(rs.next()){
T entity = (T)entityClass.newInstance();
for(int i = 0 ; i<columnCount;i++){
String columnName = rsmd.getColumnName(i+1); //fid fname price
Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i+1); //33 苹果 5
setValue(entity,columnName,columnValue);
}
list.add(entity);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(rs,psmt,conn);
}
return list ;
}
}
FruitDAO 接口
public interface FruitDAO {
//获取所有的库存列表信息
List<Fruit> getFruitList();
}
FruitDaoImpl 实现类
public class FruitDaoImpl extends BaseDAO<Fruit> implements FruitDAO {
@Override
public List<Fruit> getFruitList() {
return super.executeQuery("select * from t_fruit");
}
}
ViewBaseServlet 类:这个类不需要我们程序员去写,直接拿来用就行
public class ViewBaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
private TemplateEngine templateEngine;
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
// 1.获取ServletContext对象
ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
// 2.创建Thymeleaf解析器对象
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(servletContext);
// 3.给解析器对象设置参数
// ①HTML是默认模式,明确设置是为了代码更容易理解
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
// ②设置前缀
String viewPrefix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-prefix");
templateResolver.setPrefix(viewPrefix);
// ③设置后缀
String viewSuffix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-suffix");
templateResolver.setSuffix(viewSuffix);
// ④设置缓存过期时间(毫秒)
templateResolver.setCacheTTLMs(60000L);
// ⑤设置是否缓存
templateResolver.setCacheable(true);
// ⑥设置服务器端编码方式
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
// 4.创建模板引擎对象
templateEngine = new TemplateEngine();
// 5.给模板引擎对象设置模板解析器
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
}
protected void processTemplate(String templateName, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException, IOException {
// 1.设置响应体内容类型和字符集
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 2.创建WebContext对象
WebContext webContext = new WebContext(req, resp, getServletContext());
// 3.处理模板数据
templateEngine.process(templateName, webContext, resp.getWriter());
}
}
IndexServlet 类
//Servlet从3.0版本开始支持注解的方式进行注册
@WebServlet("/index")
public class IndexServlet extends ViewBaseServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
FruitDAO fruitDAO= new FruitDaoImpl();
List<Fruit> fruitList = fruitDAO.getFruitList();
//保存到session作用域
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("fruitList",fruitList);
//此处的视图名称是index
//那么thymeleaf会将这个 逻辑视图 名称对应到 物理视图 名称上去
//逻辑视图名称:index
//物理视图名称: viw-prefix + 逻辑视图名称 +view-suffix
//所以真实的视图名称是: / index .html
super.processTemplate("index",request,response);
}
}
web.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 在上下文参数中配置视图前缀和视图后缀 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>view-prefix</param-name>
<param-value>/</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>view-suffix</param-name>
<param-value>.html</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
index.css
*{
color: threeddarkshadow;
}
body{
margin:0;
padding:0;
background-color:#808080;
}
div{
position:relative;
float:left;
}
#div_container{
width:80%;
height:100%;
border:0px solid blue;
margin-left:10%;
float:left;
background-color: honeydew;
border-radius:8px;
}
#div_fruit_list{
width:100%;
border:0px solid red;
}
#tbl_fruit{
width:60%;
line-height:28px;
margin-top:16px;
margin-left:20%;
}
#tbl_fruit , #tbl_fruit tr , #tbl_fruit th , #tbl_fruit td{
border:1px solid gray;
border-collapse:collapse;
text-align:center;
font-size:16px;
font-family:"黑体";
font-weight:lighter;
}
.w20{
width:20%;
}
.delImg{
width:24px;
height:24px;
}
.btn{
border:1px solid lightgray;
width:80px;
height:24px;
}
.center{
text-align: center;
}
.f30{
font-size: 30px;
}
del.jpg 图片
index.html 页面
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="div_container">
<div id="div_fruit_list">
<p class="center f30">欢迎使用水果库存后台管理系统</p>
<table id="tbl_fruit">
<tr>
<th class="w20">名称</th>
<th class="w20">单价</th>
<th class="w20">库存</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<tr th:if="${#lists.isEmpty(session.fruitList)}">
<td colspan="4">对不起,库存为空!</td>
</tr>
<tr th:unless="${#lists.isEmpty(session.fruitList)}" th:each="fruit : ${session.fruitList}">
<td th:text="${fruit.fname}">苹果</td>
<td th:text="${fruit.price}">5</td>
<td th:text="${fruit.fcount}">20</td>
<td><img src="imgs/del.jpg" class="delImg"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>