代码:
import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.utils.data as Data import torchvision import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D from matplotlib import cm import numpy as np import os os.environ["KMP_DUPLICATE_LIB_OK"]="TRUE" # torch.manual_seed(1) # 设置种子 # 超参数 EPOCH = 10 BATCH_SIZE = 64 LR = 0.005 # learning rate DOWNLOAD_MNIST = False N_TEST_IMG = 5 # 下载训练集 train_data = torchvision.datasets.MNIST( root='./mnist/', train=True,# this is training data transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(), # Converts a PIL.Image or numpy.ndarray to # torch.FloatTensor of shape (C x H x W) and normalize in the range [0.0, 1.0] download=True, # download it if you don't have it ) # plot one example print(train_data.train_data.size()) # (60000, 28, 28) print(train_data.train_labels.size()) # (60000) plt.imshow(train_data.train_data[2].numpy(), cmap='gray') plt.title('%i' % train_data.train_labels[2]) plt.show() # 数据加载器,用于在训练中简单地进行小批量返回,图像批量形状将为(50,1,28,28) train_loader = Data.DataLoader(dataset=train_data, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True) class AutoEncoder(nn.Module): def __init__(self): super(AutoEncoder, self).__init__() self.encoder = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(28*28, 128), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(128, 64), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(64, 12), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(12, 3), # 压缩到可以在plt中可视化的3个特征 ) self.decoder = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(3, 12), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(12, 64), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(64, 128), nn.Tanh(), nn.Linear(128, 28*28), nn.Sigmoid(), # compress to a range (0, 1) ) def forward(self, x): encoded = self.encoder(x) decoded = self.decoder(encoded) return encoded, decoded autoencoder = AutoEncoder() optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(autoencoder.parameters(), lr=LR) loss_func = nn.MSELoss() # 初始化图形 f, a = plt.subplots(2, N_TEST_IMG, figsize=(5, 2)) plt.ion() # 交互模式 # 观看的首行的数据,前五个数据 view_data = train_data.train_data[:N_TEST_IMG].view(-1, 28*28).type(torch.FloatTensor)/255. for i in range(N_TEST_IMG): a[0][i].imshow(np.reshape(view_data.data.numpy()[i], (28, 28)), cmap='gray'); a[0][i].set_xticks(()); a[0][i].set_yticks(()) for epoch in range(EPOCH): for step, (x, b_label) in enumerate(train_loader): b_x = x.view(-1, 28*28) # batch x, shape (batch, 28*28) b_y = x.view(-1, 28*28) # batch y, shape (batch, 28*28) encoded, decoded = autoencoder(b_x) loss = loss_func(decoded, b_y) # 均方误差 optimizer.zero_grad() # 此训练步骤的清晰坡度 loss.backward() # 反向传播,计算梯度 optimizer.step() # 应用渐变 if step % 100 == 0: print('Epoch: ', epoch, '| train loss: %.4f' % loss.data.numpy()) # 绘制解码图像 _, decoded_data = autoencoder(view_data) for i in range(N_TEST_IMG): a[1][i].clear() a[1][i].imshow(np.reshape(decoded_data.data.numpy()[i], (28, 28)), cmap='gray') a[1][i].set_xticks(()); a[1][i].set_yticks(()) plt.draw(); plt.pause(0.05) plt.ioff() plt.show() # 在三维视图中可视化 view_data = train_data.train_data[:200].view(-1, 28*28).type(torch.FloatTensor)/255. encoded_data, _ = autoencoder(view_data) fig = plt.figure(2); ax = Axes3D(fig) X, Y, Z = encoded_data.data[:, 0].numpy(), encoded_data.data[:, 1].numpy(), encoded_data.data[:, 2].numpy() values = train_data.train_labels[:200].numpy() for x, y, z, s in zip(X, Y, Z, values): c = cm.rainbow(int(255*s/9)); ax.text(x, y, z, s, backgroundcolor=c) ax.set_xlim(X.min(), X.max()); ax.set_ylim(Y.min(), Y.max()); ax.set_zlim(Z.min(), Z.max()) plt.show()
运行结果: