如何在linux上安装ntp服务

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-30 15:02:43 发布

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分类专栏：运维文章标签： centos 运维 linux

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一.在centos7是安装ntp服务

1.安装ntp


[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# yum -y install ntp

2.安装vim

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# yum -y install vim

3.打开配置文件

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# vim /etc/ntp.conf
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# ip a

把以下内容添加到配置文件

# by lcds create ntpd.log
logfile /var/log/ntpd.log

# by lcds create ntpd.pid
pidfile /var/run/ntpd.pid

server times.aliyun.com iburst prefer
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
server cn.pool.ntp.org iburst

4.加载.启动服务及查看服务状态

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl restart ntpd.service
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl status ntpd.service
● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2023-05-31 21:30:40 EDT; 22s ago
  Process: 13277 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 13280 (ntpd)
    Tasks: 1
   Memory: 620.0K
   CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service
           └─13280 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g

5.设置开机自启服务

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl stop ntpd.service
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl enable ntpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# ll /var/log/ | grep ntpd.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root   root     1124 5月  31 21:25 ntpd.log
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# ll /var/run/ | grep ntpd.pid
-rw-r--r--.  1 root   root      4 5月  31 07:55 ntpd.pid
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# systemctl start ntpd.service

6.查看主机名，修改主机，重启

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# hostname
MiWiFi-RA80-srv
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname lcds
[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# reboot

7.重启以后查看主机名

[root@lcds ~]# hostname
lcds
[root@lcds ~]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: lcds
         Icon name: computer-vm
           Chassis: vm
        Machine ID: b2f0933b8a380947aea51385d413e093
           Boot ID: df7f96b593334507867914e1d71159b6
    Virtualization: kvm
  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7
            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
[root@lcds ~]#

8.查看ntp同步服务器

[root@lcds ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
*120.25.115.20   10.137.53.7      2 u   40   64    1   34.122    0.091   0.885
+203.107.6.88    100.107.25.114   2 u   39   64    1   18.603   -1.523   4.855
+tock.ntp.infoma .GPS.            1 u   38   64    1  224.153   -0.158   1.657
[root@lcds ~]#

9. 查看机器是所有防火墙规则

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# iptables -L

10.查看firewalld命令ntp添加防火墙规则

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# iptables -L | grep ntp
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere             udp dpt:ntp ctstate NEW,UNTRACKED

11.添加防火墙服务及查看所有服务

1.添加防火墙服务

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp
success

2.查看所有防火墙服务器

[root@MiWiFi-RA80-srv ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all

12.查看同步服务器状况

[root@lcds ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
 120.25.115.20   10.137.53.7      2 u    -   64    1   34.061   -1.496   0.271
 203.107.6.88    100.107.25.114   2 u    1   64    1   20.368   -4.524   0.236
 time.cloudflare 10.211.8.4       3 u    -   64    1  160.740  -17.446   2.538
[root@lcds ~]#

在ubuntu上安装ntp服务，准备另一台ntp服务器做客户端

1.查看ubuntu版本信息

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Release:        22.04
Codename:       jammy
longchi18@ubuntu:~$

2.安装NTP

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install ntp -y

3.启动NTP服务

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ vim /etc/ntp.conf
longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo systemctl start ntp.service
[sudo] password for longchi18: 
longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo systemctl status ntp.service
● ntp.service - Network Time Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/ntp.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Thu 2023-06-01 02:31:15 UTC; 16min ago
       Docs: man:ntpd(8)
    Process: 3276 ExecStart=/usr/lib/ntp/ntp-systemd-wrapper (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 3282 (ntpd)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 2214)
     Memory: 1.4M
        CPU: 250ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/ntp.service
             └─3282 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 114:119

Jun 01 02:31:19 ubuntu ntpd[3282]: Soliciting pool server 108.59.2.24
Jun 01 02:31:19 ubuntu ntpd[3282]: Soliciting pool server 202.118.1.81
Jun 01 02:31:20 ubuntu ntpd[3282]: Soliciting pool server 119.28.206.193
Jun 01 02:31:20 ubuntu ntpd[3282]: Soliciting pool server 36.110.233.85

4.查看时间信息

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ timedatectl
               Local time: Thu 2023-06-01 02:52:50 UTC
           Universal time: Thu 2023-06-01 02:52:50 UTC
                 RTC time: Thu 2023-06-01 02:52:50
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: n/a
          RTC in local TZ: no
longchi18@ubuntu:~$

5.安装防火墙

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install firewalld

6.查看所有防火墙服务状况

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all
public
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: 
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  forward: yes
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 
longchi18@ubuntu:~$

7.添加防火墙服务策略ntp

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp
success

8.查看ntp的服务

1.查看所有防火墙规则

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo iptables -L

2.查看ntp服务

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo iptables -L | grep ntp

9.查看centos上的时间信息

1.查看centos上的ntp服务

[root@lcds ~]# iptables -L | grep ntp
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             anywhere             udp dpt:ntp ctstate NEW,UNTRACKED

2.查看centos上的同步服务器

[root@lcds ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
*120.25.115.20   10.137.53.7      2 u   76  128  377   34.811    0.816   2.146
+203.107.6.88    100.107.25.114   2 u   28  128  377   19.545   -2.851   4.090
+tock.ntp.infoma .GPS.            1 u   70  128  377  201.138  -13.698   9.700
[root@lcds ~]# 

3.查看当前centos机器的net-tools包所在位置

[root@lcds ~]# yum provides */netstat

4.安装net-tools包

[root@lcds ~]# yum install net-tools -y

5 查看ntp服务端口

[root@lcds ~]# netstat -ulntp | grep ntp
udp        0      0 172.17.0.1:123          0.0.0.0:*                           29896/ntpd          
udp        0      0 192.168.31.181:123      0.0.0.0:*                           29896/ntpd          
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:123           0.0.0.0:*                           29896/ntpd          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123             0.0.0.0:*                           29896/ntpd          
udp6       0      0 fe80::7cb2:bcc8:169:123 :::*                                29896/ntpd          
udp6       0      0 ::1:123                 :::*                                29896/ntpd          
udp6       0      0 :::123                  :::*                                29896/ntpd          
[root@lcds ~]# 

6.查看端口占用情况
[root@lcds ~]# netstat -ant
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0     52 192.168.31.181:22       192.168.31.44:65408     ESTABLISHED
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN     
[root@lcds ~]# 


7.查看指定端口

[root@lcds ~]# netstat -ant | grep 22
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0     52 192.168.31.181:22       192.168.31.44:65408     ESTABLISHED
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     
[root@lcds ~]# 

8.查看centos的时间信息
[root@lcds ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 四 2023-06-01 03:31:24 EDT
  Universal time: 四 2023-06-01 07:31:24 UTC
        RTC time: 四 2023-06-01 07:31:23
       Time zone: America/New_York (EDT, -0400)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: yes
 Last DST change: DST began at
                  日 2023-03-12 01:59:59 EST
                  日 2023-03-12 03:00:00 EDT
 Next DST change: DST ends (the clock jumps one hour backwards) at
                  日 2023-11-05 01:59:59 EDT
                  日 2023-11-05 01:00:00 EST
[root@lcds ~]#

10 在centos上添加ntp服务

[root@lcds ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp
success
[root@lcds ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: enp0s3
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ntp ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

11.在ubuntu上设置与centos时间同步

1.设置ubuntu的时间为2002-02-02

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ timedatectl set-time '2002-02-02'

2.查看ubuntu上的时间信息

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ timedatectl
               Local time: Sat 2002-02-02 00:00:15 UTC
           Universal time: Sat 2002-02-02 00:00:15 UTC
                 RTC time: Sat 2002-02-02 00:00:15
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: n/a
          RTC in local TZ: no
3.设置ubuntuj机器上的时间与centos（192.168.11.181）机器上时间同步

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ ntpdate -u 192.168.11.181

4.在ubuntu上安装ntpdate和ntpsec-ntpdate
sudo apt install ntpdate         # version 1:4.2.8p15+dfsg-1ubuntu2, or
sudo apt install ntpsec-ntpdate  # version 1.2.1+dfsg1-4

5.添加防火墙ntp服务

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp
success


6.在ubuntu上再次查看时间信息

再次查看ubuntu上的时间信息，此时已经跟centos机器上时间一致

1.设置ubuntu与centos机器上时间同步

longchi18@ubuntu:~$ sudo ntpdate -u 192.168.11.181
{"time":"2023-06-01T08:01:48.396843+0000","offset":672997269.066128,"precision":0.000302,"host":"192.168.11.181","ip":"192.168.11.181","stratum":3,"leap":"no-leap","adjusted":true}
CLOCK: time stepped by 672997269.066128
CLOCK: time changed from 2002-02-02 to 2023-06-01

2.查看同步以后的时间已经由‘2002-02-02’变成‘2023-06-01’
longchi18@ubuntu:~$ timedatectl
               Local time: Thu 2023-06-01 08:02:19 UTC
           Universal time: Thu 2023-06-01 08:02:19 UTC
                 RTC time: Sat 2002-02-02 00:21:10
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: n/a
          RTC in local TZ: no
longchi18@ubuntu:~$

ntp同步时间服务就差不多了。