一.Struts的配置
新建maven项目
如下,有时建项目java文件未显示出来
我们可以右键build path 将下图标识内容取消勾选,即可出现java文件
修改web.xml由2.3至3.1
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
更改jdk由1.5到1.8
通过配置maven-compiler-plugin插件来改变
即在pom.xml文件的build中添加下图红框中的代码段
选择Project Facets,Dynamic Web Module 2.3改为3.1 Java 1.5改为1.8
勾选Dynamic Web Module ,点击下图红框内容,将 WebContent改为src/main/webapp
将不需要的index.jsp删除,项目到此就不会报错了
导入jar包——>maven的pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>
做配置——>web.xml配置中央控制器——>配置过滤器
Ctrl+Shift+t,选择全路径名
最后代码如下
<!-- 修改web.xml由2.3至3.1 -->
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
maven项目所有配置文件默认放在resources下面
第二个为开发人员对struts框架的基本配置
第三个为项目涉及到的模块,分文件管理
框架配置文件( mvc.xml ) 默认为struts.xml
开发——>写子控制器继承ActionSupport——>写子控制器继承ActionSupport
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="demo1" class="" method=""></action>
</package>
</struts>
maven项目的结构
src ——>main——java 写代码的地方
resources 放配置的地方
webapp放页面的地方
——>test——java 写测试代码的地方
resources 放测试代码对应配置的地方
二.Struts的动态方法调用
xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="demo1_*" class="com.ltf.first.Demo1Action"
method="{1}">
<result name="bookEdit">/bookEdit</result>
</action>
<!-- <action name="demo1_*_*" class="com.ltf.first.Demo1Action"
method="{2}">
<result name="{2}">/{2}.jsp</result>
</action> -->
</package>
</struts>
第一个*代表调后台哪个方法
第二个*代表调后台某个方法之后返回哪个界面
第二个*的写法基本不用
写Demo1Action
package com.ltf.first;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport{
public String add() throws Exception {
System.out.println("add方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
System.out.println("edit方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
System.out.println("del方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}
}
建立bookEdit.jsp界面和demo.jsp界面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
成功界面
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a>
<br>
</body>
</html>
运行结果如图
三.Struts的传参
1.ModelDriver传参
Demo1Action
package com.ltf.first;
import com.ltf.entity.User;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
private User user1 = new User();public String add() throws Exception {
System.out.println("add方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}public String edit() throws Exception {
System.out.println("edit方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}public String del() throws Exception {
System.out.println("del方法...");
return "bookEdit";
}public String list() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list方法...");
System.out.println(user1);
return "bookEdit";
}@Override
public User getModel() {
return user1;
}
}
demo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a>
<br>
<h3>Struts的传参</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver传参</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_edit.action">set方法传参</a>
<br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_del.action">通过对象属性传参</a>
<br>
</body>
</html>
运行如下
2.set方法传参
在Demo1Action 中建立sex属性,并建立get,set方法
在list方法中打印sex
Demo.jsp界面传值
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver传参</a>
运行能拿到sex的值
3.通过对象属性传参
建立private User user2;提供get,set方法
在list方法中打印user2
Demo.jsp界面传值
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?user2.uid=002&&uname=xb">通过对象属性传参</a>
打印能取到Demo.jsp界面传的值
4.Struts与Tomcat的集成
将后台参数传到前台
通过内置类
public String list() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list方法...");
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(sex);
System.out.println(user2);
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.setAttribute("name", "小宝");
return "bookEdit";
}
在bookEdit.jsp界面接收,运行结果在界面会有 小宝