【三个常用接口】

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 11:12:27 发布

芃仔

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-15 11:12:27 发布

阅读量455

点赞数 6

文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_54161577/article/details/123987382

版权

本文介绍了Java中Comparable接口与Comparator接口在实现自定义数据类型排序的应用，讲解了Comparable的侵入性问题和Comparator的灵活性，以及如何通过AgeComparator和ScoreComparator进行按年龄和分数排序的实例。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

先看一个案例：

class Student{
    public int age;
    public String name;
    public double score;

    public Student(int age, String name, double score) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", score=" + score +
                '}';
    }
}
public class TestDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student[] students = new Student[3];
        students[0] = new Student(18,"芃娃",85.5);
        students[1] = new Student(21,"懿娃",78.4);
        students[2] = new Student(22,"虎子",65.2);

        Arrays.sort(students);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(students));
    }
}

运行上述代码，控制台信息如下所示：

报错的原因是我们并没有指明比较规则，按年龄？分数？姓名？

一、Comparable

让上述代码让Student实现Comparable接口，重写compareTo方法。利用age进行比较~~

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student o) {
        if(this.age > o.age){
            return 1;
        }else {
            return -1;
        }
    }

此时重写了compareTo方法之后再运行，结果如下：

如果自定义的数据类型，进行大小的比较，一定要实现可以比较的接口（Comparable）

这个接口有一个很大的缺点：对类的侵入性非常强。一旦写好了，不敢轻易改动~~

二、Comparator

class AgeComparator implements Comparator<Student> {
    @Override
    public int compare(Student o1, Student o2){
        return o1.age - o2.age;
    }
}
class ScoreComparator implements Comparator<Student>{

    @Override
    public int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {
        return (int)(o1.score - o2.score);
    }
}

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student[] students = new Student[3];
        students[0] = new Student(18,"芃娃",85.5);
        students[1] = new Student(17,"懿娃",78.4);
        students[2] = new Student(22,"虎子",65.2);
        AgeComparator ageComparator = new AgeComparator();
        ScoreComparator scoreComparator = new ScoreComparator();
        System.out.println("按年龄排序：");
        Arrays.sort(students,ageComparator);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(students));
        System.out.println("按分数排序：");
        Arrays.sort(students,scoreComparator);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(students));
    }

比较器：根据你的需求灵活的进行排序，对类的侵入性非常弱~~可以随时对排序规则进行修改

推荐的做法~~比较器

三、Cloneable

class Person implements Cloneable{
    public int age;
    public void eat(){
        System.out.println("吃！");
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
public class TestDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.age = 15;
        Person person1 = (Person) person.clone();
        System.out.println(person1.age);
    }
}