Mybatis优化

1.连接数据库的配置单独放在一个 properties 文件中(先创建一个配置文件 例:db.properties)

<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driverName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />

!!!别忘记在mybatis配置文件中导入db.properties文件

2.为实体类定义别名,简化 sql 映射 xml 文件中的引用

<typeAliases>
        <!--为单个类起别名-->
        <typeAlias type="com.ganin.entity.Clazz"/>
        <typeAlias type="com.ganin.entity.Teacher"/>
        <!--为指定包下的类起别名 就是类的名称-->
        <package name="com.ganin.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>

3.还可以加入 log4j 的配置文件打印日志信息

3.1创建log4j配置文件

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, Console
#Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG

4.解决字段名与实体类属性名不相同的冲突

先创建一个表并插入数据：

CREATE TABLE orders(
order_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
order_no VARCHAR(20),
order_price FLOAT
);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('aaaa', 23);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('bbbb', 33);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('cccc', 22);

定义实体类：

public class Order {
private int id;
private String orderNo;
private float price;
}

举个例子：实现 getOrderById(id)的查询

方式一: 通过在 sql 语句中定义别名
<select id="selectOrder" parameterType="int" resultType="_Order">
select order_id id, order_no orderNo,order_price price from orders where
order_id=#{id}
</select>
方式二: 通过<resultMap>
<select id="selectOrderResultMap" parameterType="int" resultMap="orderResultMap">
select * from orders where order_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="_Order" id="orderResultMap">
<id property="id" column="order_id"/>
<result property="orderNo" column="order_no"/>
<result property="price" column="order_price"/>
</resultMap>

5.模拟一个一个班级一个老师的 一对一关联

5.1创建表

CREATE TABLE teacher(
t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
CREATE TABLE class(
c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
c_name VARCHAR(20),
teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id)
REFERENCES teacher(t_id);
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('LS1');
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('LS2');
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_a', 1);
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_b', 2);

5.2定义实体类

public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
}
public class Classes {
private int id;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
}

5.3 定义sql映射文件 ClazzMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ganin.dao.ClazzDao">
<!--
方式一：嵌套结果：使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
封装联表查询的数据(去除重复的数据)
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=1
-->
<select id="getClass" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap">
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="_Classes" id="ClassResultMap">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="_Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!--
方式二：嵌套查询：通过执行另外一个 SQL 映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的 teacher_id 的值
-->
<select id="getClass2" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap2">
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="_Classes" id="ClassResultMap2">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="_Teacher"
select="getTeacher">
</association>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" parameterType="int" resultType="_Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>

!!!注意 association用于一对一的关联查询 column：所对应的外键字段名称 property：对象属性的名称 javaType：对象属性的类型 select：使用另一个查询封装的结果

6.一对多关联(一个班级多个学生)

6.1创建表和数据：

CREATE TABLE student(
s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
s_name VARCHAR(20),
class_id INT
);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_A', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_B', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_C', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_D', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_E', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_F', 2);

6.2定义实体类

public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
}
public class Classes {
private int id;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
private List<Student> students;
}

6.3定义 sql 映射文件 ClassMapper.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ganin.dao.ClazzDao">
<!--
方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id
AND c.c_id=1
-->
<select id="getClass3" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap3">
select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and
c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="_Classes" id="ClassResultMap3">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="_Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
</association>
<!-- ofType 指定 students 集合中的对象类型 -->
<collection property="students" ofType="_Student">
<id property="id" column="s_id"/>
<result property="name" column="s_name"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!--
方式二：嵌套查询：通过执行另外一个 SQL 映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的 teacher_id 的值
SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id=1 //1 是第一个查询得到的 c_id 字段的值
-->
<select id="getClass4" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap4">
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="_Classes" id="ClassResultMap4">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="_Teacher"
select="getTeacher2"></association>
<collection property="students" ofType="_Student" column="c_id"
select="getStudent"></collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher2" parameterType="int" resultType="_Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="_Student">
SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>

!!!注意 collection：做一对多关联查询 ofType指定集合中元素对象的类型