基于树莓派的智能家居

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 21:24:06 发布

Overwater6

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 21:24:06 发布

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文章标签：物联网微信小程序 python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_55037927/article/details/124754805

版权

基于树莓派的智能家居系统

部分图片
功能介绍

部分图片

在这里插入图片描述

功能介绍

在这里插入图片描述

材料

1.树莓派
2.温湿度传感器，土壤湿度传感器，红外循迹传感器，步进电机，直流电机，光电门，水泵，AD/DA转换模块，舵机。

智能门禁模块

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1.实时监控门口情况。
2.人脸识别开门，若为主人则开门，若为陌生人则发送邮件通知主人并且发送陌生人邮件。

通过调用百度api实现人脸识别
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####1.1
创建应用。创建完毕后，下载SDK文档，因为是在树莓派中运行，所以选中python HTTP SDK下载到本地。在人脸库管理中新建用户组，再从用户组中新建人脸id和照片；
####1.2
项目部署.
sdk传输至树莓派上
把下载好的SDK压缩包解压，可以通过ftp或者smb的方式，把文件传输到到树莓派你想放的目录下，然后cd进入该目录；

安装pip以及setuptools

wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/45/ae/8a0ad77defb7cc903f09e551d88b443304a9bd6e6f124e75c0fbbf6de8f7/pip-18.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf pip-18.0.tar.gz
cd ../pip-18.0/
sudo python setup.py install

安装pip

wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/37/1b/b25507861991beeade31473868463dad0e58b1978c209de27384ae541b0b/setuptools-40.6.3.zip
unzip setuptools-40.6.3.zip
cd setuptools-40.6.3
sudo python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

安装人脸识别SDK

pip install baidu-aip

python setup.py install

####1.3
代码部分

from aip import AipFace
from picamera import PiCamera
import urllib.request
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import base64
import time
#百度人脸识别API账号信息
APP_ID = '18333248'
API_KEY = 'HrfpWmTASGVQTGQ2UQO29IGY'
SECRET_KEY ='7x8m9vuKWH5XeVV8GeLkly8OkqUpzfPz'
client = AipFace(APP_ID, API_KEY, SECRET_KEY)#创建一个客户端用以访问百度云
#图像编码方式
IMAGE_TYPE='BASE64'
camera = PiCamera()#定义一个摄像头对象
#用户组
GROUP = 'yusheng01'
 
#照相函数
def getimage():
    camera.resolution = (1024,768)#摄像界面为1024*768
    camera.start_preview()#开始摄像
    time.sleep(2)
    camera.capture('faceimage.jpg')#拍照并保存
    time.sleep(2)
#对图片的格式进行转换
def transimage():
    f = open('faceimage.jpg','rb')
    img = base64.b64encode(f.read())
    return img
#上传到百度api进行人脸检测
def go_api(image):
    result = client.search(str(image, 'utf-8'), IMAGE_TYPE, GROUP);#在百度云人脸库中寻找有没有匹配的人脸
    if result['error_msg'] == 'SUCCESS':#如果成功了
        name = result['result']['user_list'][0]['user_id']#获取名字
        score = result['result']['user_list'][0]['score']#获取相似度
        if score > 80:#如果相似度大于80
            if name == 'yusheng_02':
 
                print("欢迎%s !" % name)
                time.sleep(3)
            if name == 'xiaoming':
                print("欢迎%s !" % name)
                time.sleep(3)
            if name == "xiaoyu":
                print("欢迎%s !" % name)
        else:
            print("对不起，我不认识你！")
            name = 'Unknow'
            return 0
        curren_time = time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time()))#获取当前时间
 
        #将人员出入的记录保存到Log.txt中
        f = open('Log.txt','a')
        f.write("Person: " + name + "     " + "Time:" + str(curren_time)+'\n')
        f.close()
        return 1
    if result['error_msg'] == 'pic not has face':
        print('检测不到人脸')
        time.sleep(2)
        return 0
    else:
        print(result['error_code']+' ' + result['error_code'])
        return 0
#主函数
if __name__ == '__main__':
    while True:
        print('准备')
        if True:
            getimage()#拍照
            img = transimage()#转换照片格式
            res = go_api(img)#将转换了格式的图片上传到百度云
            if(res == 1):#是人脸库中的人
                print("开门")
            else:
                print("关门")
            print('稍等三秒进入下一个')
            time.sleep(3)

邮件发送




import smtplib
from email.header import Header          # 用来设置邮件头和邮件主题
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText     # 发送正文只包含简单文本的邮件，引入MIMEText即可
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from datetime import datetime


def send_email(sender_email, reciver_email, authorization_code, smtp_server, email_title, email_body):
    # message = MIMEText(email_body, 'plain', 'utf-8')   # 邮件正文，'plain'表示纯文本，'utf-8'保证多语言兼容性
    message = MIMEMultipart('related')
    message['From'] = sender_email                     # 邮件上显示的发件人
    message['To'] = reciver_email                      # 邮件上显示的收件人
    message['Subject'] = Header(email_title, 'utf-8')  # 邮件主题

    att = MIMEText(open('/home/pi/SDK/faceimage.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
    att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
    att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="PeopleInHouse.jpg"'
    message.attach(att)

    try:
        smtp = smtplib.SMTP()                           # 创建一个连接
        smtp.connect(smtp_server)                       # 连接发送邮件的服务器
        smtp.login(sender_email, authorization_code)    # 登录服务器
        smtp.sendmail(sender_email, reciver_email, message.as_string())  # 填入邮件的相关信息并发送
        print("邮件发送成功！！！")
        smtp.quit()
    except smtplib.SMTPException:
        print("邮件发送失败！！！")


Now_Time = str(datetime.now()).split(" ")[1]
Hour = Now_Time.split(":")[0]
Minute = Now_Time.split(":")[1]
Second = Now_Time.split(":")[2].split(".")[0]

title = "！有人于" + Hour + "时" + Minute + "分" + Second + "秒拜访家中"
body = "提醒！有人于" + Hour + "时" + Minute + "分" + Second + "秒拜访家中"
sender_email = '2806630776@qq.com'
reciver_email = '2806630776@qq.com'
code = 'kzscdwglsrrqdged'
server_name = 'smtp.qq.com'

#主函数
if __name__ == '__main__':
    while True:
        print('准备')
        if True:
            getimage()#拍照
            img = transimage()#转换照片格式
            res = go_api(img)#将转换了格式的图片上传到百度云
            if(res == 1):#是人脸库中的人
                print("开门")
            else:
                print("关门")
                send_email(sender_email, reciver_email, authorization_code, smtp_server, email_title, email_body)
            print('稍等三秒进入下一个')
            time.sleep(3)

实时监控
参考:实时监控配置

温度烟雾监控模块

温度过高自动开启降温风扇

烟雾浓度过高报警
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class tempSensor:
    __t = 0
    __pin = -1
    __sensor = None
    PATH = '/sys/bus/w1/devices/28-3c01f096176d/w1_slave'

    def __init__(self, pin):
        self.__pin = pin

    def readRaw(self):
        f = open(self.PATH, 'r')
        lines = f.readlines()
        f.close()
        return lines

    def readT(self):
        lines = self.readRaw()
        try:
            while lines[0].strip()[-3:] != 'YES':
                sleep(0.2)
                lines = self.readRaw()
        except IndexError:
            print('index error, try later')
            pass

        try:
            equals_pos = lines[1].find('t=')
            if equals_pos != -1:
                temp_string = lines[1][equals_pos + 2:]
                temp_c = float(temp_string) / 1000.0
            else:
                temp_c = 404
            return temp_c
        except IndexError:
            print('index error, try later')
            return 404

    def getT(self):
        self.__t = self.readT()
        return self.__t
class buzzer:
    __pin = -1
    __freq = 0.0

    def __init__(self, pin, freq):
        self.__pin = pin
        gpio.setup(self.__pin, gpio.OUT)
        gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.HIGH)
        self.__freq = freq

    def play(self):
        n = time.time()
        while time.time() - n <= 60:  # 响60sec
            gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.LOW)
            sleep(1.0 / self.__freq)
            gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.HIGH)
            sleep(1.0 / self.__freq)

智能窗帘模块

在这里插入图片描述
当光照度达到预设值时，自动开启窗帘。


class lightSensor:
    __bus = None

    def __init__(self):
        self.__bus = smbus.SMBus(1)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_PWR_ON)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_RESET)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_SEN100H)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_SEN100L)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_PWR_OFF)

    def read(self):
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_PWR_ON)
        self.__bus.write_byte(DEV_ADDR, CMD_THRES2)
        sleep(0.2)
        res = self.__bus.read_word_data(DEV_ADDR, 0)
        # read_word_data
        res = ((res >> 8) & 0xff) | (res << 8) & 0xff00
        res = round(res / (2 * 1.2), 2)
        return res

class stepMotor:
    __pinA = -1
    __pinB = -1
    __pinC = -1
    __pinD = -1
    __step = 0
    __state = 1  # 0,1分别表示当前窗帘的关闭/开启状态

    def __init__(self, a, b, c, d):
        self.__pinA = a
        self.__pinB = b
        self.__pinC = c
        self.__pinD = d
        gpio.setup(self.__pinA, gpio.OUT)
        gpio.setup(self.__pinB, gpio.OUT)
        gpio.setup(self.__pinC, gpio.OUT)
        gpio.setup(self.__pinD, gpio.OUT)

    def __setStep__(self, a, b, c, d):
        gpio.output(self.__pinA, a)
        gpio.output(self.__pinB, b)
        gpio.output(self.__pinC, c)
        gpio.output(self.__pinD, d)

    def stop(self):
        gpio.output(self.__pinA, gpio.LOW)
        gpio.output(self.__pinB, gpio.LOW)
        gpio.output(self.__pinC, gpio.LOW)
        gpio.output(self.__pinD, gpio.LOW)

    def forward(self, delay, steps):
        for i in range(steps):
            self.__setStep__(1, 0, 1, 0)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(0, 1, 1, 0)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(0, 1, 0, 1)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(1, 0, 0, 1)
            sleep(delay)

    def backward(self, delay, steps):
        for i in range(steps):
            self.__setStep__(0, 1, 0, 1)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(0, 1, 1, 0)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(1, 0, 1, 0)
            sleep(delay)
            self.__setStep__(1, 0, 0, 1)
            sleep(delay)

    def open(self):
        if self.__state == 0:
            self.backward(0.008, 270)
            self.stop()
            self.__state = 1
        else:
            pass

    def close(self):
        if self.__state == 1:
            self.forward(0.008, 270)
            self.stop()
            self.__state = 0
        else:
            pass

智能水龙头模块

在这里插入图片描述
红外控制水龙头


class infraredSensor:
    __pin = -1
    __times = 0
    __timeStamp = 0

    def __init__(self, pin):
        self.__pin = pin
        gpio.setup(self.__pin, gpio.IN)
        self.__timeStamp = time.time()

    def read(self):
        return gpio.input(self.__pin)

    def increase(self):
        if (time.time() - self.__timeStamp) > 60 * 60 * 24:  # 每24小时更新一次水龙头开启次数
            self.__times = 0
            self.__timeStamp = time.time()
        else:
            self.__times += 1

    def getTimes(self):
        return self.__times

class water:
    __pin = -1

    def __init__(self, pin):
        self.__pin = pin
        gpio.setup(self.__pin, gpio.OUT)
        gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.LOW)

    def play(self):
        gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.HIGH)
        sleep(5)
        gpio.output(self.__pin, gpio.LOW)