SDL2 学习之路-02（加载图片和按键事件）

使用SDL_LoadBMP(filepath)加载并显示图像，图片资源需要放在vcxproj文件所在的目录。 

SDL_SurFace* keyPressSurface;
SDL_Surface* screenSurface;
SDL_Window* window;
screenSurface=SDL_GetWindowSurface(window);
keyPressSurface=SDL_LoadBMP("press.bmp");
SDL_BlitSurface(keyPressSurface,NULL,screenSurface,NULL);
SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window);

 使用SDL_ConvertSurface将24位格式的位图转换为与屏幕相同的格式，同时使用SDL_BlitScaled设置要显示的图片的大小。

SDL_Surface* optimizedSurface = NULL;
optimizedSurface = SDL_ConvertSurface(keyPressSurface, screenSurface->format, 0);
if (optimizedSurface == NULL){
	printf("Unable to optimize image! SDL Error: %s\n",SDL_GetError());
}
//SDL_ConvertSurface会以新格式返回原始副本,此处释放原始加载的图像
SDL_FreeSurface(keyPressSurface);

SDL_Rect stretchRect;
stretchRect.x = 0;
stretchRect.y = 0;
stretchRect.w = SCREEN_WIDTH;
stretchRect.h = SCREEN_HEIGHT;
SDL_BlitScaled(gCurrentSurface, NULL, gScreenSurface, &stretchRect);

 调用SDL_PollEvent(SDL_Event)轮询事件队列以获取最新的事件，并将获取到的数据传递到参数SDL_Event。

bool quit=false;
SDL_Event e;
while(!quit){
    while(SDL_PollEvent(&e)!=0){
        if(e.type==SDL_QUIT){
            quit=true;
        }
        else if(e.type==SDL_KEYDOWN){
            switch(e.key.keysym.sym){
            case SDLK_UP:
                ......;
                break;
            case SDLK_DOWN:
                break;
            case SDLK_LEFT:
                break;
            case SDLK_RIGHT:
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

 输入方向键显示对应图像 

 完整代码

#include <SDL.h>
#include <string>

//Screen dimension constants
const int SCREEN_WIDTH = 640;
const int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480;

//Key press surfaces constants
enum KeyPressSurfaces
{
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DEFAULT,
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_UP,
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DOWN,
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_LEFT,
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_RIGHT,
	KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_TOTAL
};

//Starts up SDL and creates window
bool init();

//Loads media
bool loadMedia();

//Frees media and shuts down SDL
void close();

//Loads individual image
SDL_Surface* loadSurface(std::string path);

//The window we'll be rendering to
SDL_Window* gWindow = NULL;

//The surface contained by the window
SDL_Surface* gScreenSurface = NULL;

//The images that correspond to a keypress
SDL_Surface* gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_TOTAL];

//Current displayed image
SDL_Surface* gCurrentSurface = NULL;

bool init()
{
	//Initialization flag
	bool success = true;

	//Initialize SDL
	if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
	{
		SDL_Log("SDL could not initialize! SDL Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
		success = false;
	}
	else
	{
		//Create window
		gWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("title", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
		if (gWindow == NULL)
		{
			SDL_Log("Window could not be created! SDL Error: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
			success = false;
		}
		else
		{
			//Get window surface
			gScreenSurface = SDL_GetWindowSurface(gWindow);
		}
	}

	return success;
}

bool loadMedia()
{
	//Loading success flag
	bool success = true;

	//Load default surface
	gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DEFAULT] = loadSurface("src/press.bmp");
	if (gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DEFAULT] == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to load default image!\n");
		success = false;
	}

	//Load up surface
	gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_UP] = loadSurface("src/up.bmp");
	if (gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_UP] == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to load up image!\n");
		success = false;
	}

	//Load down surface
	gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DOWN] = loadSurface("src/down.bmp");
	if (gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DOWN] == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to load down image!\n");
		success = false;
	}

	//Load left surface
	gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_LEFT] = loadSurface("src/left.bmp");
	if (gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_LEFT] == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to load left image!\n");
		success = false;
	}

	//Load right surface
	gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_RIGHT] = loadSurface("src/right.bmp");
	if (gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_RIGHT] == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to load right image!\n");
		success = false;
	}

	return success;
}

void close()
{
	//Deallocate surfaces
	for (int i = 0; i < KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_TOTAL; ++i)
	{
		SDL_FreeSurface(gKeyPressSurfaces[i]);
		gKeyPressSurfaces[i] = NULL;
	}

	//Destroy window
	SDL_DestroyWindow(gWindow);
	gWindow = NULL;

	//Quit SDL subsystems
	SDL_Quit();
}

SDL_Surface* loadSurface(std::string path)
{
	SDL_Surface* optimizedSurface = NULL;
	//Load image at specified path
	SDL_Surface* loadedSurface = SDL_LoadBMP(path.c_str());
	if (loadedSurface == NULL)
	{
		SDL_Log("Unable to load image %s! SDL Error: %s\n", path.c_str(), SDL_GetError());
	}
	else 
	{
		optimizedSurface = SDL_ConvertSurface(loadedSurface, gScreenSurface->format, 0);
		if (optimizedSurface == NULL)
		{
			SDL_Log("Unable to optimize image %s! SDL Error: %s\n", path.c_str(), SDL_GetError());
		}
		SDL_FreeSurface(loadedSurface);
	}
	return optimizedSurface;
}


int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
	//Start up SDL and create window
	if (!init())
	{
		SDL_Log("Failed to initialize!\n");
	}
	else
	{
		//Load media
		if (!loadMedia())
		{
			SDL_Log("Failed to load media!\n");
		}
		else
		{
			//Main loop flag
			bool quit = false;

			//Event handler
			SDL_Event e;

			//Set default current surface
			gCurrentSurface = gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DEFAULT];

			//While application is running
			while (!quit)
			{
				//Handle events on queue
				while (SDL_PollEvent(&e) != 0)
				{
					//User requests quit
					if (e.type == SDL_QUIT)
					{
						quit = true;
					}
					//User presses a key
					else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN)
					{
						//Select surfaces based on key press
						switch (e.key.keysym.sym)
						{
						case SDLK_UP:
							gCurrentSurface = gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_UP];
							break;

						case SDLK_DOWN:
							gCurrentSurface = gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DOWN];
							break;

						case SDLK_LEFT:
							gCurrentSurface = gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_LEFT];
							break;

						case SDLK_RIGHT:
							gCurrentSurface = gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_RIGHT];
							break;

						default:
							gCurrentSurface=gKeyPressSurfaces[KEY_PRESS_SURFACE_DEFAULT];
							break;
						}
					}
				}

				//Apply the current image
				
				SDL_Rect stretchRect;
				stretchRect.x = 0;
				stretchRect.y = 0;
				stretchRect.w = SCREEN_WIDTH;
				stretchRect.h = SCREEN_HEIGHT;
				SDL_BlitScaled(gCurrentSurface, NULL, gScreenSurface, &stretchRect);
				//Update the surface
				SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(gWindow);
			}
		}
	}
	//Free resources and close SDL
	close();

	return 0;
}

参考文章：Lazy Foo' Productions - Key Presses