三层交换机
1.含义：
- 三层交换相当于二层交换机交换加上三层路由转发
- 使用三层交换技术实现了VLAN间的通信
2.三层交换机配置实验
实验目的：全网互通，R1和R4之间设置浮动路由
1）设置好各PC机的IP地址、子网掩码和网关，及路由器接口的IP地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.0.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 30.0.0.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip address 50.0.0.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 50.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 20.0.0.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 30.0.0.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 40.0.0.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 20.0.0.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.7.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]ip address 40.0.0.2 24
2）分别在SW1、SW2和SW3上设置vlan，并设置三台二层交换机之间lacp链路聚合，设置三台二层交换机与三层交换机的trunk模式
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]int e0/0/4
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]p d v 10
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]int e0/0/5
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 20
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]int e0/0/6
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/6]p l t
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/6]p t a v a
[SW1]int Eth-Trunk 1
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]max active-linknumber 2
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e 0/0/1 to 0/0/3
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[SW1-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[SW1]dis eth-trunk 1
Eth-Trunk1's state information is:
Local:
LAG ID: 1 WorkingMode: STATIC
Preempt Delay: Disabled Hash arithmetic: According to SIP-XOR-DIP
System Priority: 32768 System ID: 4c1f-ccbe-0835
Least Active-linknumber: 1 Max Active-linknumber: 2
Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName Status PortType PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState Weight
Ethernet0/0/1 Selected 100M 32768 2 289 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/2 Selected 100M 32768 3 289 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/3 Unselect 100M 32768 4 289 10100000 1
Partner:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName SysPri SystemID PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState
Ethernet0/0/1 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 2 289 10111100
Ethernet0/0/2 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 3 289 10111100
Ethernet0/0/3 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 4 289 10110000
[SW2]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]int e0/0/7
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/7]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/7]p d v 30
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/7]int e0/0/8
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/8]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/8]p d v 40
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/8]int e0/0/9
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/9]p l t
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/9]p t a v a
[SW2]int Eth-Trunk 1
[SW2-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[SW2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e 0/0/1 to 0/0/3
[SW2]int Eth-Trunk 2
[SW2-Eth-Trunk2]mode lacp-static
[SW2-Eth-Trunk2]max active-linknumber 2
[SW2-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e 0/0/4 to 0/0/6
[SW2-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[SW2-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[SW2]dis eth-trunk 2
Eth-Trunk2's state information is:
Local:
LAG ID: 2 WorkingMode: STATIC
Preempt Delay: Disabled Hash arithmetic: According to SIP-XOR-DIP
System Priority: 32768 System ID: 4c1f-ccbc-6753
Least Active-linknumber: 1 Max Active-linknumber: 2
Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName Status PortType PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState Weight
Ethernet0/0/4 Selected 100M 32768 5 545 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/5 Selected 100M 32768 6 545 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/6 Unselect 100M 32768 7 545 10100000 1
Partner:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName SysPri SystemID PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState
Ethernet0/0/4 32768 4c1f-ccd4-0a44 32768 2 545 10111100
Ethernet0/0/5 32768 4c1f-ccd4-0a44 32768 3 545 10111100
Ethernet0/0/6 32768 4c1f-ccd4-0a44 32768 4 545 10110000
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW3]int e0/0/4
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/4]p l a
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/4]p d v 50
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/4]int e0/0/5
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 60
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/5]int e0/0/6
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/6]p l t
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/6]p t a v a
[SW3]int Eth-Trunk 2
[SW3-Eth-Trunk2]mode lacp-static
[SW3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e 0/0/1 to 0/0/3
[SW3-Eth-Trunk2]p l t
[SW3-Eth-Trunk2]p t a v a
[SW3]dis eth-trunk 2
Eth-Trunk2's state information is:
Local:
LAG ID: 2 WorkingMode: STATIC
Preempt Delay: Disabled Hash arithmetic: According to SIP-XOR-DIP
System Priority: 32768 System ID: 4c1f-ccd4-0a44
Least Active-linknumber: 1 Max Active-linknumber: 8
Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName Status PortType PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState Weight
Ethernet0/0/1 Selected 100M 32768 2 545 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/2 Selected 100M 32768 3 545 10111100 1
Ethernet0/0/3 Unselect 100M 32768 4 545 10110000 1
Partner:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName SysPri SystemID PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState
Ethernet0/0/1 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 5 545 10111100
Ethernet0/0/2 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 6 545 10111100
Ethernet0/0/3 32768 4c1f-ccbc-6753 32768 7 545 10100000
3）在RSW上添加vlan，在G0/0/1、G0/0/2和G0/0/3设置trunk模式，将G0/0/4添加到vlan80中，并在其vlanif接口设置IP地址。
[RSW]int g0/0/1
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l t
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[RSW]int g0/0/2
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p l t
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p t a v a
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p l t
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p t a v a
[RSW]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[RSW]int Vlanif 10
[RSW-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[RSW-Vlanif10]int Vlanif 20
[RSW-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
[RSW-Vlanif20]int Vlanif 30
[RSW-Vlanif30]ip address 192.168.3.1 24
[RSW-Vlanif30]int Vlanif 40
[RSW-Vlanif40]ip address 192.168.4.1 24
[RSW-Vlanif40]int Vlanif 50
[RSW-Vlanif50]ip address 192.168.5.1 24
[RSW-Vlanif50]int Vlanif 60
[RSW-Vlanif60]ip address 192.168.6.1 24
[RSW]int g0/0/4
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p l a
[RSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default v 80
[RSW]int Vlanif 80
[RSW-Vlanif80]ip address 10.0.0.1 24
4）最后分别设置好静态路由，在RI和R4上设置浮动路由
[RSW]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 10.0.0.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 50.0.0.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 30.0.0.2 pre
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 30.0.0.2 preference 70
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 20.0.0.2
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 50.0.0.1
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.7.0 24 40.0.0.2
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.0.0.1
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 20.0.0.1
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 40.0.0.1 preference 70
5）用ping命令测试此时全网互通，把R1–R2–R4这条路断开仍能互通
PC>ping 192.168.5.2
Ping 192.168.5.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.5.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=63 ms
From 192.168.5.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.5.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=79 ms
From 192.168.5.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.5.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/74/79 ms
PC>ping 192.168.7.2
Ping 192.168.7.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.7.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=78 ms
From 192.168.7.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=47 ms
From 192.168.7.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=47 ms
From 192.168.7.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=47 ms
From 192.168.7.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=63 ms
--- 192.168.7.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/78 ms
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